68 research outputs found
Novel breads fortified through oilseed and nut cakes
The nutritive value, the microbiological safety of oilseed cake (OSC) obtained from naked pumpkin seed (PuC), sunflower seed (SC), yellow linseed (LC), and walnut (WnC), and their impact on wheat flour (WF) dough and bread sensory characteristics at 5% and 10% addition ratio were investigated. The OSCs had high protein (34–50%), fat (8–15%), total dietary fibre (23–36%) content and high energy value (383–444 kcal/100 g)). The OSC samples with a minimal exception fulfilled the requirements of feed legislation in force. An increased water absorption, dough development time, and reduced elasticity were observed probably due to the enhanced fiber and protein content. Dough stability increased with WnC, and decreased with PuC or SC addition. Enrichment provided the appearance of a brown bread for WnC, of a half-brown bread for LC. PuC gave an unusual look. The appearance of OSC fortified bread similar to daily bread, was an advantage resulting the 1st rank for 10% WnC bread and the 2nd one for 10% LC bread (P=0.05). The studied OSCs are suitable for food enrichment, however, in case of PuC and SC fortified flour blends, hydrocolloid application is recommended. Our data suggest that the newly developed fortified breads could be a valuable source for healthy nutrition
A nátrium immunmoduláns szerepe
Absztrakt:
A magas sófogyasztás általános az iparosodott társadalmakban, és számos
civilizációs betegség forrása. A közelmúlt kutatásai hívták fel a figyelmet a
nátriumegyensúly fenntartásában szerepet játszó új extrarenalis folyamatokra.
Rövid távon a bőrszövet nátriumtárolása pufferként szolgál a nátrium ozmotikus
tulajdonsága következtében kialakuló, növekvő volumenterheléssel szemben,
valamint elősegíti a fertőzések elleni immunválaszt. Hosszú távon azonban a
fokozott szöveti nátriumkoncentráció egy adott mértéket meghaladva
patofiziológiás folyamatokat indíthat be gyulladásos válaszreakció
provokálásával. A nátrium immunmoduláns hatásának következtében a veleszületett
és szerzett immunrendszer effektorsejtjei aktiválódnak, míg egyes
szabályozósejtjei gátlás alá kerülnek, ami végeredményben az immunrendszer
egyensúlyának megbomlásával, proinflammatoricus állapottal jár. In
vivo sóterheléses és sómegvonásos kísérletek eredményei a nátrium
betegségkiváltó és -módosító szerepére utaltak. Így a nátrium és az
immunrendszer összefüggése magyarázatot adhat olyan, eddig ismeretlen eredetű
betegségek patomechanizmusára, mint a magas vérnyomás (elsődleges, sószenzitív)
vagy az autoimmun betegségek, melyek növekvő incidenciájuk miatt nagy terhet
rónak az egészségügyi ellátórendszerre. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(17): 646–653.
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Abstract:
High salt intake, which is common in the Western world, is the cause of several
lifestyle diseases. Recent investigations shed light on novel extrarenal
processes, which play role in the maintenance of sodium balance. In the short
term, sodium storage of the skin may serve as a buffer against volume overload
arising from the osmotic properties of sodium. Increased tissue sodium
concentration may also potentiate immune response against infections. In the
long run, however, tissue sodium concentration over a certain limit may initiate
pathophysiological processes by provoking inflammatory response. Due to the
immune modulating role of sodium, the effector cells of the innate as well as
the adaptive immune system are activated, while certain regulator cells of the
same systems are repressed, ultimately resulting in a proinflammatory state
characterized by the imbalance of the immune system. Experiments applying
dietary salt overload/salt depletion imply the role of sodium in the
initiation/exacerbation of several diseases. Thus the relationship between
sodium and the immune system may give an explanation to the pathomechanism of
diseases with so far unknown origin such as hypertonia (primary, salt sensitive)
or autoimmune diseases – all these putting tremendous pressure on the healthcare
system due to their increasing incidence. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(17): 646–653
A macroeconomics-inspired interpretation of the terrestrial water cycle
This article develops an approach that applies macroeconomic concepts to the
interpretation of complex, water related natural processes. By translating and reinterpreting these processes into a language that is more accessible to a broader
audience otherwise unaccustomed to its terms will likely help sharpen our understanding of the terrestrial water cycle. For economists, we describe climate-forming
natural processes in a manner consistent with the fundamentals of the mainstream
approach. For noneconomists, parallels from economically determined, relatively
short-term observations can be applied conceptually to identify dynamics which
occur over much longer and therefore more elusive natural occurrences, in particular considering the role of forests and how persistent land conversion over a millennium has shaped the earth's surface and impacted climate stability. The set of
“supporting ecosystem services” highlighted in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) coincides with the ground phase of the terrestrial water cycle, taking
the concept beyond the ecosystem service perspective and identifying it as a planetary service. Ecosystem and planetary services differ in the same way that microeconomic and macroeconomic perspectives do. The water cycle intensity of a
geographical area may well be related to a rainfall multiplier that measures the ability of continental ecosystems to increase the amount of water moving across terrestrial surfaces and descending as rainfall through transpiration and deposition, and
re-transpiration and re-deposition of the water content in the air that originally
arrives from the oceans. Building upon the MEA's association of human wellbeing
with ecosystem features, the rainfall multiplier serves as a physical indicator and
measure of the natural basis of wellbeing creation
VHMPID: a new detector for the ALICE experiment at LHC
This article presents the basic idea of VHMPID, an upgrade detector for the
ALICE experiment at LHC, CERN. The main goal of this detector is to extend the
particle identification capabilities of ALICE to give more insight into the
evolution of the hot and dense matter created in Pb-Pb collisions. Starting
from the physics motivations and working principles the challenges and current
status of development is detailed.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures. To be published in EPJ Web of Conference
Warm calibration unit of the mid-infrared ELT instrument METIS: overview and current status towards FDR
Cryptocapsinepoxide-type Carotenoids from Red Mamey, Pouteria sapota
Three new carotenoids, cryptocapsin-5,6-epoxide, 3ʹ-deoxycapsanthin-5,6-epoxide, and cryptocapsin-5,8-epoxides, have been isolated from the ripe fruits of red mamey (Pouteria sapota). Cryptocapsin-5,6-epoxide was prepared by partial synthesis via epoxidation of cryptocapsin and the (5R,6S)- and (5S,6R)-stereoisomers were identified by HPLC-ECD analysis. Spectroscopic data of the natural (anti) and semisynthetic (syn) derivatives obtained by acid-catalyzed rearrangement of cryptocapsin-5,8-epoxide stereoisomers were compared for structural elucidation. Chiral HPLC separation of natural and semisynthetic samples of cryptocapsin-5,8-epoxides was performed and HPLC-ECD analysis allowed configurational assignment of the separated stereoisomers
Status of the mid-IR ELT imager and spectrograph (METIS)
The Mid-Infrared ELT Imager and Spectrograph (METIS) is one of three first light instruments on the ELT. It will provide high-contrast imaging and medium resolution, slit-spectroscopy from 3 - 19um, as well as high resolution (R ∼ 100,000) integral field spectroscopy from 2.9-5.3μm. All modes observe at the diffraction limit of the ELT, by means of adaptive optics, yielding angular resolutions of a few tens of milliarcseconds. The range of METIS science is broad, from Solar System objects to active galactic nuclei (AGN). We will present an update on the main science drivers for METIS: circum-stellar disks and exoplanets. The METIS project is now in full steam, approaching its preliminary design review (PDR) in 2018. In this paper we will present the current status of its optical, mechanical and thermal design as well as operational aspects. We will also discuss the challenges of building an instrument for the ELT, and the required technologies. © 2018 SPIE
Mid-infrared circumstellar emission of the long-period Cepheid l Carinae resolved with VLTI/MATISSE
Stars and planetary system
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