FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN DETEKSI DINI KANKER SERVIKS

Latar Belakang Masalah: Tingginya angka kematian wanita akibat kanker serviks di Indonesia, tidak diikuti dengan tingginya penggunaan deteksi dini kanker serviks oleh wanita yang telah aktif secara seksual. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis factorfaktor yang berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan deteksi dini kanker serviks. Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian survei analitik dengan metode cross sectional, dengan besar sampel 80 responden wanita pasangan usia subur di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Manahan yang diambil dengan metode fixed exposure sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi logistik sederhana. Hasil penelitian: Terdapat pengaruh yang kuat meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan antara persepsi ancaman penyakit terhadap penggunaan deteksi dini kanker serviks (OR=1,7, CI=95%; 0,52 hingga 6,01; p = 0,353). Terdapat pengaruh yang kuat dan secara statistik signifikan antara efikasi diri (OR=4,3, CI=95%; 1,31 hingga 14,49; p = 0,016), teman sebaya (OR=2,07, CI=95%; 1,65 hingga 6,59; p = 0,038) dan niat (OR=3,4, CI=95%; 1,09 hingga 11,13; p = 0,034) terhadap penggunaan deteksi dini kanker serviks. Model regresi logistik menujukkan variabel bebas (persepsi ancaman penyakit, efikasi diri, teman sebaya dan niat) secara bersama-sama mampu menjelaskan penggunaan deteksi dini kanker serviks sebesar 40,3%. Kesimpulan: Persepsi ancaman penyakit, efikasi diri, teman sebaya dan niat yang tinggi akan meningkatkan kemungkinan penggunaan deteksi dini kanker serviks pada wanita pasangan usia subur. Kata kunci: persepsi ancaman penyakit, efikasi diri, teman sebaya, niat, deteksi dini kanker servik

„The old men who hold us back‟: Clan Elders, elite bargaining and exclusionary politics

© 2020 Adonis and Abbey Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. In 1962, Hawa Jibril, a poetess and a long-time activist for Somali women‟s rights and political participation, called on fellow women activists to oppose male elders who sought to exclude women from the governance of their country by engaging in activism. In her powerful poem, „the old men who hold us back‟ Hawa exhorted her fellow activists to not let the old men “prevail over us” (Jibril 2008:151). Sixty years later, Somali women continue their resistance against clan-based politics and elders who attempt to hold them back. This paper examines the effects of the political institutionalization of the clans and the ways that it challenges women‟s aspirations to participate in politics. This article is based on research carried out in Puntland (Garowe), Somaliland (Hargeisa and Bur‟o) and Mogadishu; Nairobi, Kenya; and Minneapolis, MN from 2016 - 2018. It asks the following questions: How has the 4.5 power-sharing agreement and the presence of clan elders as gatekeepers in the political system affected Somali women? And in what way have women responded to these obstacles? This research finds that despite the adoption of gender quota, the presence of clan elders and the 4.5 power-sharing agreement both pose significant barriers to women‟s inclusion in politics

Assessing the effects of climate change and variability on cocoa production in the Bibiani-Anhwiaso-Bekwai municipality

Climate change is rapidly increasing the vulnerability of agricultural systems, particularly food production. One crop that is susceptible to climate change is cocoa (Theobroma cacao). Though there are extensive studies on the effect of climate change and variability on cocoa production in Ghana, little empirical research has been carried out in Bibiani-Anhwiaso-Bekwai municipality. Therefore, the study sought to assess the effects of climate change and variability on cocoa production in the Bibiani-Anhwiaso-Bekwai municipality. The study used multi-stage sampling techniques to purposely select 120 cocoa farmers in six (6) communities in the municipality for primary data collection. In addition, ten (10) key personnel from the Ghana Cocoa Board were interviewed to give experts insight into the study. Also, secondary data was sourced from Ghana Statistical Service, Ghana Meteorological Agency, and academic journals, which comprised data on climate trends and cocoa production. The study found that 68.3% of cocoa farmers said their cocoa yield was reduced compared to the previous years. They claimed that increased temperature and low rainfall have led to high mortality of young seedlings and mature trees, causing reduced fruit-bearing and low yield. However, data from the Ghana Meteorological Agency showed that rainfall in the study area has increased. Also, the study found that most of the farmers have adopted the use of fertilizer and pesticides, removal of mistletoes, and pruning as a measure to offset the shocks of climate change. These practices may not be effective in reducing the vulnerability to climate change in cocoa yield. However, a few farmers in the municipality have adopted new measures such as improved varieties and artificial pollination. In addition, 65.0% of cocoa farmers said they were unaware of any policy undertaken by the government to address the menace of climate change on cocoa production. On the other hand, the Ghana Cocoa Board personnel stated that the government has implemented a policy called Production Enhancement Programme (PEP's) that includes pruning, artificial pollination, and Cocoa Disease and Pest Control Programme (CODAPEC), among others which are geared towards addressing climate change effects on cocoa production. Only 24.2% of the farmers in the study area are aware of this programme. The study concludes that policies are required to address the challenges faced by climate change and variability to increase the productivity of cocoa farmers.M-D

Prediction of O3 Concentration Level Using Fuzzy Non-Stationary Method

The composition of air concentration is not constant. It constantly changes with minor changes at any time, so more than one measurement is needed to represent the air concentration level for a full day. The fuzzy non-stationary method can overcome uncertainty in an environment that is not constant or caused by minor temporal changes based on time variables. This study uses a non-stationary fuzzy method to determine the level of O3 concentration based on the input variables of temperature, humidity, and wind speed. The tests were conducted in September, October, and November using four types of implication process interpretation, namely interpretation 1 (classical logic), interpretation 2 (classical logic), interpretation 3 (algebraic), and interpretation 3 (standard). The test results in September showed a tendency for error percentage using the MAPE amount of 19, October's amount of 25, and November's amount of 18

Pengembangan Elektronik Modul Online tentang Pendampingan 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan dalam Upaya Pencegahan Stunting

Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan masalah gizi utama yang dihadapi Indonesia. Salah satu pencegahan adalah memberikan edukasi dalam 1000 hari pertama kehidupan. Diperlukan media yang efektif untuk pendidikan kesehatan.Tujuan: Menghasilkan modul edukasi cegah stunting berbasis online bagi ibu hamil.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis Research and Development (R&D) dengan tahapan penggalian masalah, pengumpulan data, desain dan validasi produk, revisi desain, uji coba dan revisi produk.Hasil: Pengembangan e-modul edukasi menggunakan aplikasi heyzine flip book dan canva. Tahap validasi dilakukan oleh ahli materi dan media dengan nilai rata-rata sangat layak. Uji coba produk kelompok kecil dilakukan pada 5 ibu hamil dan didapatkan nilai rata-rata sangat layak dan p value sebesar 0,038, sehingga disimpulkan e-modul edukasi pendampingan 1000 hari pertama kehidupan valid, praktis dan efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil dalam upaya pencegahan stunting.Kesimpulan: E-modul Pendampingan 1000 HPK valid, praktis dan efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil dalam upaya pencegahan stunting

Pendidikan Kesehatan dengan Media Video dan Booklet Pendampingan 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Hamil dalam Upaya Pencegahan Stunting

Latar belakang: Kabupaten Sambas merupakan kabupaten dengan angka kejadian stunting tertinggi di Kalimantan Barat tahun 2018. Ketidaktahuan tentang penyebab kejadian Stunting dalam 1000 HPK adalah faktor yang memengaruhi kejadian stunting sehingga diperlukan media yang efektif untuk meningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap agar ibu mampu mencegah stunting.Tujuan: menganalisis pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan dengan media video dan booklet pendampingan 1000 HPK terhadap tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap ibuMetode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi experiment dengan pendekatan pre test and post test nonequivalent control group. Penelitian dilaksanakan di wilayah Puskesmas Sambas terhadap 87 orang ibu hamil.Hasil: Hasil analisis disimpukan ada perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi dengan media video (p value= 0,000) serta kombinasi media video dan booklet (p value= 0,000),ada perbedaan pengetahuan sesudah diberikan edukasi dengan media booklet (p value= 0,002), tidak ada perbedaan sikap sesudah diberikan edukasi dengan media booklet (p value= 0,062). Analisis dengan kruskall wallis didapatkan kesimpulan tidak ada perbedaan efektifitas media video, booklet dan kombinasi terhadap pengetahuan (p value= 0,098) dan sikap (p value= 0,111).Kesimpulan: ketiga media dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap namun kombinasi media video dan booklet dapat menjadi alternatif pilihan terbaik sebagai sarana edukasi. Kata kunci: Penyuluhan; Booklet; Video

Synthesis of Au50Ag50 Alloy Nanoparticles From Metal Ions and Colloidal Nanoparticles Through Photochemical Reduction Methods Using Femtosecond Laser

Nanoparticles synthesized through photochemical reduction using femtosecond involve reducing agent that reduces metal ions into nanoparticles. We synthesized Au50Ag50 from metal ions and colloidal nanoparticles in four different conditions: (i) gold metal ions and silver metal ion, (ii) colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), (iii) gold metal ions and colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and (iv) colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver metal ions. Gold and metal ions were obtained from dilution of gold and silver metal salts. While gold and silver nanoparticles were obtained from gold and metal ions added into a quartz cuvette and irradiated by femtosecond laser in 10 minutes irradiation time. In the synthesis, every condition respectively mixed in 3 ml solution into a 10x10x45 mm quartz cuvette and irradiated by femtosecond laser in 5-, 10- and 15- minutes irradiation time. The result showed that Au50Ag50 alloy nanoparticles were successfully synthesized in four different conditions, and the LSPR (Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance) in 15 minutes irradiation time was observed at 454.51, 458.74, 459.60, and 457.29 nm in the condition (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv), respectively

POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION PREVENTION CONSOULING IN KUBU RAYA REGENCY, WEST KALIMANTAN

Pasca melahirkan ialah periode dimana seorang ibu akan menjalani hari-hari yang melelahkan dibandingkan dengan masa kehamilan baik fisik maupun psikis yang lebih lanjut akan menimbulkan perasaan stres/depressi. Ibu  mengalami stress berlebihan  berdampak penurunan minat dan ketertarikan terhadap bayi serta kemampuan  merawat bayinya dengan baik, tidak bersemangat menyusui sehingga  kesehatan serta tumbuh kembang bayi tidak optimal. Kegiatan pengabdian ini diikuti oleh kader posyandu, pasangan usia subur (PUS), ibu hamil dan ibu pasca melahirkan di Desa Lingga dan Desa Jawa Tengah Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat. Tujuan kegiatan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap pencegahan depresi pasca melahirkan, terampil melakukan deteksi terhadap diri dan warganya tentang depresi pasca melahirkan. Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah sejumlah 63 orang. Metode kegiatan dilakukan dua kali dengan dengan memberikan pre test, ceramah dan dilanjutkan post test dengan mengisi kuesioner.  Pada evaluasi dilakukan kepada kader dengan melakukan wawancara pemahamannya mengenai pencegahan depresi pasca melahirkan. Adapun hasil yang dicapai pada kegiatan ini adalah Masyarakat di Desa Lingga dan Sui Ambawang memperoleh pengetahuan tentang depresi pasca melahirkan.Kata Kunci: depresi post partum; penyuluhan.Abstract When compared to the physical and psychological stage of pregnancy, which can further induce stress/depression, the post-delivery period is when a mother will have a tiring day. Excessive stress causes mothers to lose interest in their babies, as well as their capacity to properly care for them. They are also less passionate about nursing, resulting in poor baby health, growth, and development. Posyandu cadres, couples of childbearing age (PUS), and postpartum mothers participated in this activity in Lingga Village and Central Java Village, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan. The goal of the activity is to raise public awareness about postpartum depression prevention, self-detection skills, and citizen awareness about postpartum depression. This activity aims to reach a total of 64 people. The activity was repeated twice, with a pre-test, lecture, and a post-test involving the completion of a questionnaire. The evaluation was conducted on cadres by asking them about their understanding of postpartum depression prevention. The inhabitants of Lingga and Sui Ambawang villages got knowledge about postpartum depression as a consequence of this exercise.Keywords : postpartum depression; consouling