Management Measures of Shrimp Trawling Fishery in Arafura Sea, Indonesia: a Challenge

Since there were many evidences on trawling impact to the environment and society, government has banned trawl operations in Indonesian waters except for those in the Arafura Sea. It is not solely acquitted trawl operation in the area without restrain, but it has been put together with the measures taken to exploit the shrimp resources in optimal manner. Those are input controls, output controls and technical measures. This paper examines two major challenges in applying these management measures: declining of shrimp stock and lack of legal enforcement. Come what may the fishing regulations impose in the shrimp trawling, without effective enforcement, the purpose of fisheries management unlikely will be achieved

Choosing best practices for managing impacts of trawl fishing on seabed habitats and biota

Bottom trawling accounts for almost one quarter of global fish landings but may also have significant and unwanted impacts on seabed habitats and biota. Management measures and voluntary industry actions can reduce these impacts, helping to meet sustainability objectives for fisheries, conservation and environmental management. These include changes in gear design and operation of trawls, spatial controls, impact quotas and effort controls. We review nine different measures and actions and use published studies anda simple conceptual model to evaluate and compare their performance. The risks and benefits of these management measures depend on the extent to which the fishery is already achieving management objectives for target stocks and the characteristics of the management system that is already in place. We offer guidance on identifying best practices for trawl-fisheries management and show that best practices and their likelihood of reducing trawling impacts depend on local, national and regional management objectives and priorities, societal values and resources for implementation. There is no universalbest practice, and multiple management measures and industry actions are required to meet sustainability objectives and improve trade-offs between food production and environmental protection

Identifikasi Penyu dan Studi Karakteristik Fisik Habitat Penelurannya di Pantai Samas, Kabupaten Bantul, Yogyakarta

Penelitian berlangsung dari bulan Mei-September 2004, tahap pertama yaitu tahap lapangan berupa pengambilan data dengan mengidentifikasi penyu dan tukik yang ada, mengukur lebar, kemiringan pantai, suhu serta pengambilan sampel sedimen. Tahap kedua adalah tahap pasca lapangan yaitu melakukan analisa kadar air, ukuran butir, bentuk butir dan komposisi mineral magnetik. Spesies penyu yang melakukan aktivitas peneluran di pantai ini adalah Lepidochelys olivacea (penyu lekang). Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran di Pantai Samas diperoleh lebar pantai sebesar 25m; kelerengan sebesar 3,780; suhu substrat permukaan sebesar 24,5-43 0C; suhu substrat di kedalaman 50cm sebesar 27-32 0C; kadar air substrat permukaan sebesar 0,09-9,26%; kadar air substrat di kedalaman 50cm sebesar 0,29-6,98%; ukuran butir berupa pasir sedang dengan nilai sortasi sebesar 0,952, nilai skewness sebesar -0,243, nilai kurtosis sebesar 0,178; bentuk butir di dominasi oleh sub angular low sphericity dan komposisi mineral magnetik sebesar 76,86%. Kata kunci : Identifikasi penyu, karakter fisik, habitat penelura