Assessment of the particular demand for 18FDG/PET-CT procedures: a discussion regarding new incorporations by the SUS

Os exames de imagem considerados de alto custo vantagens diagnósticas apresentam que os tornam relevantes no contexto da saúde pública. Tomografia Emissão de Pósitron exemplos associados à Tomografia Computadorizada realizada com fluorodesoxiglicose ( 18 F-PET-CT) é um exame de alto custo, mas estratégico para o diagnóstico e acompanhamento de doenças que podem ser por meio do metabolismo da glicose nenhum organismo. O presente trabalho deste exame proposta uma discussão sobre a disponibilização do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), demonstra os seus valores diagnósticos e a inclusão progressiva no rol de exames reembols. exames.Para tanto, foram utilizados dados de exames realizados no Centro de Tecnologia Molecular - Faculdade de Medicina/UFMG (CTMM-FM/UFMG), pagos de forma particular ao longo dos anos de 2012-2019. Os resultados associados indicam uma busca contínua pelo exame para casos ao diagnóstico, estadiamento e acompanhamento do tratamento oncológico, principalmente Linfomas.

Proposta de novo sistema de escore de estrutura corporal para bovinos Nelore

Um novo sistema de escore para estrutura corporal foi desenvolvido para bovinos Nelore, baseado em pesos de abate ideais para atingir os graus desejados de cobertura de gordura da carcaça. Dados de 688 registros completos incluindo sexo, idade, peso, altura do quadril e gordura subcutânea de bovinos Nelore em crescimento (190 machos e 498 fêmeas) foram obtidos da Associação Nacional de Criadores e Pesquisadores (ANCP), Ribeirão Preto – SP, Brasil. Os dados de peso foram regredidos por sexo, idade, altura do quadril e cobertura de gordura como covariáveis. A idade foi então fixada em 550 dias e a cobertura de gordura foi fixada em 6 mm, e novas equações para escores de estrutura corporal (1 a 11) em bovinos Nelore foram desenvolvidas: FrameNelore (machos) = -42,43 + 0,04919 × Idade + 0,3368 × Altura – 0,0003369 × Idade × Altura e FrameNellore (fêmeas) = ​​-41,76 + 0,04919 × Idade + 0,3368 × Altura – 0,0003369 × Idade × Altura (Idade e Altura em dias e cm, respectivamente). As equações de Nelore resultaram em estrutura corporal médio de 5,3, variando de 2,3 a 7,7. Os valores foram semelhantes para machos (5,4) e fêmeas (5,3). Por outro lado, as equações anteriores deram valores mais altos, que eram muito diferentes entre machos e fêmeas. As novas pontuações de estruturacorporal no Nelore parecem razoáveis, principalmente em relação à composição corporal. Palavras-chave: bovino; estrutura; melhoramento genético; zeb

ANSEIOS, VONTADES E INQUIETAÇÕES ACERCA DA MANUTENÇÃO DA LÍNGUA MATERNA DOS MANOKI/IRANTXE: UMA ANÁLISE SOCIOLINGUÍSTICA

Este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma análise sociolinguística sobre as declarações proferidas, em uma entrevista, por seis indígenas que vivem na comunidade Manoki/Irantxe, da aldeia indígena Caititu, na Terra Indígena de Tirecatinga, no município de Sapezal, no estado de Mato Grosso. Através dos dados coletados, este estudo versa por observar o comportamento linguístico dos índios refletidos por meios dosanseios, vontades e inquietações, que eles apresentaram em suas respostas, para assim, buscar formas de valorizar a identidade linguística dessa comunidade. Como procedimento metodológico, adotamos teorias dos estudiosos da Sociolinguística tais como Franceschini (2011), Labov (2008), Silva (2001), dentre outros, que abordam a relação entre as línguas indígenas e o português, e como esta última pode afetar o discurso dos índios.  Pretende-se, então, fornecer um olhar introdutório a respeito de como a Sociolinguística observa e analisa a relação entre as línguas indígenas e o ensino de português, como segunda língua, para os índios. Observamos que os índios entrevistados que apresentaram, inicialmente, sentimentos contraditórios sobre a própria língua, no final acabam por entender que o processo de aprendizagem do português, língua oficial do Brasil que para eles é uma segunda língua, significa que eles devem aprender o português sem desvalorizar suas línguas maternas. ABSTRACT: In this paper aims to do a sociolinguistics analysis about the statements made in an interview by six residents indigenous people that live in the Manoki/Irantxe community, indian village Caititu, Terra Indígena de Tirecatinga, in Sapezal city, Mato Grosso state. Through the collected data, this work search for observing the indian linguistic behaviors reflected by their anxieties, desires and concerns, that they presented in their answers for that seek ways to value this community linguistic identity. As a methodological procedure, we adopt the theories the Sociolinguistics Scholars such as Franceschini (2011), Labov (2008), Silva (2001), among others, that analyse the relationship between the indigenous languages and the Portuguese, as second language, and how the last one can affect the indigenous discourses. Then, we intended giving an introductory point of view about how the Sociolinguistics observe and analyze the relationship between the indigenous language and the Portuguese teaching, as second language, for the Indians. We observe that interviewed Indians that shows, firstly, contradictory feelings about their own language, at last, they end up understanding the Portuguese learning process, Brazil official language for they is a second language, means that they may learn Portuguese without devalue their own mother tongues. KEYWORDS: sociolinguistics, linguistic identity, mother tongue

Microbiological quality of raw fish based food products / Qualidade microbiológica de produto alimentícío à base de peixe cru

Sashimi is a food product widely produced in traditional Japanese restaurants. It has a high risk of microbial contamination because it comes from raw fish and due the lack of training in Good Handling Practices in most establishments that produce this kind of food. The objective of this work was to evaluate the microbiological quality of salmon-based sashimi produced and marketed in traditional Japanese restaurants in Vitória da Conquista – Bahia, Brazil. This is a quantitative, laboratory and explanatory study. PetrifimTM (3M) dishes were used to evaluate twelve samples of sashimi obtained from four restaurants. The microorganisms analyzed were: total coliforms, thermotolerant (Escherichia coli), Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus. The results indicated the presence of visible colonies of total coliforms in 10 of the analyzed samples. It was detectable the growth of bacterial colonies of Staphylococcus aureus only in samples A1 and D3. For Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. there was no visible growth of colonies in the samples evaluated. In view of the results found, detection of bacterial contamination at considerable levels was observed. It is noteworthy that, even if it is within the values recommended by Brazilian legislation, the presence of such microorganisms may be related to the lack of hygiene in the place and/or the manipulator, poor conservation of fish and the lack of good handling practices

Association of visual scores with reproductive traits in Nelore cattle using Bayesian Inference

The use of morphological traits assessed using visual scores as indirect selection criteria in cattle has the advantage of evaluating young animals regarding potential productive and reproductive performance. This enables breeders to make earlier decisions compared to later measurements, such as scrotal circumference at 450 days (SC450) and stayability (STAY). The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for visual score traits and their associations with reproductive traits: scrotal circumference at 365 days of age (SC365), SC450, STAY, probability of precocious calving (PPC30) and age at first calving (AFC) in Nellore cattle. Visual score data from 4,175 Nellore cattle, with an average age of 22 months, and reproductive data from 3,075 cattle belonging to the HoRa Genetics Provada herd were used. The morphological traits were evaluated by the MERCOS methodology. The heritability estimates obtained ranged from 0.15 to 0.28 for visual scores and 0.10 to 0.54 for reproductive traits. Genetic correlations between visual scores and reproductive traits were generally low, except between: muscularity and PPC30; structure and STAY; racial and SC450; conformation and SC365, SC450, STAY, and AFC; navel and STAY and AFC; and sacrum and SC365, STAY, and AFC, which were moderate to high. The identification of animals with flat sacral bone (not protruding or sloping) can also be an efficient characteristic in the identification for early pregnancy, and together with the musculature score, they can be related to animals with lower age at the first calving. Keywords: beef cattle; genetic association; morphological traits; sexual precocity; stayability

Anti-inflammatory and redox-protective activities of citronellal

The anti-inflammatory and redox protective effects of the citronellal (CT) were evaluated using in vivo and in vitro tests. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of CT (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) inhibited (p < 0.05) the carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity. Additionally, the carrageenan- and arachidonic acid-induced rat hind paw edema was significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) by i.p. administration of 100 and 200 mg/kg of the compound. When the redox activity was evaluated, CT (200 mg/kg) significantly reduced hepatic lipoperoxidation (p < 0.001), as well as oxidation of plasmatic (p < 0.05) and hepatic (p < 0.01) proteins. The results of the present study support the hypothesis that CT possesses anti-inflammatory and redox protective activities. It is suggested that its effects are associated with the inhibition of the enzymes in the arachidonic acid pathway, which prevent cell migration by inhibiting leukotriene production, edema formation and the increase of reactive oxygen species in tissues. Therefore, CT is of potential benefit to manage inflammatory disorders and correlated damages caused by oxidant agents

Association of Copy Number Variation at Intron 3 of HMGA2 With Navel Length in Bos indicus

Navel injuries caused by friction against the pasture can promote infection, reproductive problems and costly treatments in beef cattle raised in extensive systems. A haplotype-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed for visual scores of navel length at yearling in Nellore cattle (Bos indicus) using data from 2,016 animals and 503,088 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The strongest signal (p = 1.01 × 10-9) was found on chromosome 5 spanning positions 47.9–48.2 Mbp. This region contains introns 3 and 4 and exons 4 and 5 of the high mobility group AT-hook 2 gene (HMGA2). Further inspection of the region with whole genome sequence data of 21 Nellore bulls revealed correlations between counts of the significant haplotype and copy number gains of a ∼6.2 kbp segment of intron 3 of HMGA2. Analysis of genome sequences from five African B. indicus and four European Bos taurus breeds revealed that the copy number variant (CNV) is indicine-specific. This intronic CNV was then validated through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using Angus animals as copy neutral controls. Importantly, the CNV was not detectable by means of conventional SNP-based GWAS or SNP probe intensity analyses. Given that HMGA2 affects the expression of the insulin-like growth factor 2 gene (IGF2) together with the pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1), and that the latter has been repeatedly shown to be associated with quantitative traits of economic importance in cattle, these findings highlight the emerging role of variants impacting the insulin-like growth factor pathway to cattle breeding

Detecting loci under recent positive selection in dairy and beef cattle by combining different genome-wide scan methods

As the methodologies available for the detection of positive selection from genomic data vary in terms of assumptions and execution, weak correlations are expected among them. However, if there is any given signal that is consistently supported across different methodologies, it is strong evidence that the locus has been under past selection. In this paper, a straightforward frequentist approach based on the Stouffer Method to combine P-values across different tests for evidence of recent positive selection in common variations, as well as strategies for extracting biological information from the detected signals, were described and applied to high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data generated from dairy and beef cattle (taurine and indicine). The ancestral Bovinae allele state of over 440,000 SNP is also reported. Using this combination of methods, highly significant (P<3.17×10(-7)) population-specific sweeps pointing out to candidate genes and pathways that may be involved in beef and dairy production were identified. The most significant signal was found in the Cornichon homolog 3 gene (CNIH3) in Brown Swiss (P = 3.82×10(-12)), and may be involved in the regulation of pre-ovulatory luteinizing hormone surge. Other putative pathways under selection are the glucolysis/gluconeogenesis, transcription machinery and chemokine/cytokine activity in Angus; calpain-calpastatin system and ribosome biogenesis in Brown Swiss; and gangliosides deposition in milk fat globules in Gyr. The composite method, combined with the strategies applied to retrieve functional information, may be a useful tool for surveying genome-wide selective sweeps and providing insights in to the source of selection