Análise da relação entre vaginose bacteriana e doença periodontal como fator de risco de parto prematuro e recém-nascido de baixo peso

Este estudo transversal objetivou analisar a relação entre infecção ginecológica por Vaginose Bacteriana (VB) e Doença Periodontal (DP), em mulheres gestantes, com o risco de trabalho de parto prematuro (TPP) e recém-nascido de baixo peso (RNBP). Foram avaliadas 36 gestantes recrutadas por amostragem censitária na maternidade de um Hospital Universitário de Alagoas, admitidas em trabalho de parto ou para tratamento de enfermidades que evoluíram para parto pré-termo ou a termo. Dados ginecológicos, obstétricos, perinatais e do RN foram coletados seguindo cartão de pré-natal. A VB foi diagnosticada pela medida do pH vaginal, microscopia a fresco e bacterioscopia pelo gram. Aplicou-se entrevista relacionada à percepção sobre os hábitos de higiene bucal das gestantes. A avaliação odontológica consistiu na aplicação de Índice Periodontal Comunitário (IPC) e Índice de Placa Visível (IPV). Observou-se associação entre TPP e RNBP (p<0,0001). As mulheres que tiveram amniorrexe prematura mostraram maior chance de ter RNBP (p=0,04). VB não teve relação com TPP e RNBP (p>0,05). Nenhuma variável odontológica, inclusive DP apresentou relação com o surgimento de VB (p>0,05). Observou-se IPC médio 1,61±0,9 e baixo nível de acúmulo de placa bacteriano (1,22±0,75) com maiores níveis nas oriundas do interior (p=0,003). As gestantes com PP e RNBP apresentaram escores de IPC mais severos (2,00±0,77). Não se encontrou relação entre VB e doença periodontal como fatores de risco para prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer

Soil biochemistry and microbial activity in vineyards under conventional and organic management at Northeast Brazil.

The São Francisco Submedium Valley is located at the Brazilian semiarid region and is an important center for irrigated fruit growing. This region is responsible for 97% of the national exportation of table grapes, including seedless grapes. Based on the fact that orgThe São Francisco Submedium Valley is located at the Brazilian semiarid region and is an important center for irrigated fruit growing. This region is responsible for 97% of the national exportation of table grapes, including seedless grapes. Based on the fact that organic fertilization can improve soil quality, we compared the effects of conventional and organic soil management on microbial activity and mycorrhization of seedless grape crops. We measured glomerospores number, most probable number (MPN) of propagules, richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species, AMF root colonization, EE-BRSP production, carbon microbial biomass (C-MB), microbial respiration, fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity (FDA) and metabolic coefficient (qCO2). The organic management led to an increase in all variables with the exception of EE-BRSP and qCO2. Mycorrhizal colonization increased from 4.7% in conventional crops to 15.9% in organic crops. Spore number ranged from 4.1 to 12.4 per 50 g-1 soil in both management systems. The most probable number of AMF propagules increased from 79 cm-3 soil in the conventional system to 110 cm-3 soil in the organic system. Microbial carbon, CO2 emission, and FDA activity were increased by 100 to 200% in the organic crop. Thirteen species of AMF were identified, the majority in the organic cultivation system. Acaulospora excavata, Entrophospora infrequens, Glomus sp.3 and Scutellospora sp. were found only in the organically managed crop. S. gregaria was found only in the conventional crop. Organically managed vineyards increased mycorrhization and general soil microbial activity

IMPACTO DA ACEITAÇÃO SOCIAL NA SAÚDE MENTAL E BEM-ESTAR DA POPULAÇÃO LGBT.

Analyzing the impact of social acceptance on the mental health and well-being of the LGBT population is fundamental to understanding how different social contexts influence these individuals. In a globalized scenario, where the exchange of information and best practices between nations is constant, it becomes crucial to evaluate how acceptance or rejection in different cultures affects the mental health of these communities. This study aims to investigate in depth the relationship between social acceptance and the mental health of the LGBT population. To this end, a narrative review of the literature was carried out, consulting databases such as PubMed, SciELO, Scopus and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria for selecting articles specifically involved those that are free to access, published in the last 5 years, and that deal directly with the topic of social acceptance, mental health and well-being of the LGBT population. Furthermore, we only considered articles available in Portuguese, English and Spanish. On the other hand, articles that are not available free of charge, publications outside the defined time frame, works that do not directly address the topic of social acceptance, mental health and well-being of the LGBT population, and documents that are in other sources were excluded. languages. The research revealed that social acceptance is a determining factor in the prevention of mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, among the LGBT population. The results highlighted that, in environments where there is greater acceptance, LGBT individuals tend to present better mental health indicators and a higher quality of life. This analysis also made it possible to identify effective practices and areas that still require attention to foster greater social acceptance. Furthermore, he highlighted the need for inclusive public policies and initiatives that promote respect and appreciation for diversity. The study emphasizes the importance of international collaboration to exchange best practices and promote robust mental health among the LGBT population globally. Adopting an evidence-based approach that is sensitive to the cultural specificities of each country is vital to advance the fight against discrimination and improve the well-being of this population.A análise do impacto da aceitação social na saúde mental e bem-estar da população LGBT é fundamental para compreender como diferentes contextos sociais influenciam esses indivíduos. Em um cenário globalizado, onde a troca de informações e melhores práticas entre nações é constante, torna-se crucial avaliar como a aceitação ou rejeição em diferentes culturas afeta a saúde mental dessas comunidades. Este estudo objetiva investigar em profundidade a relação entre a aceitação social e a saúde mental da população LGBT. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura, consultando bases de dados como PubMed, SciELO, Scopus e Google Scholar. Os critérios de inclusão para a seleção de artigos envolveram especificamente aqueles que são de acesso gratuito, publicados nos  ultimos 5 anos, e que tratam diretamente da temática de aceitação social, saúde mental e bem-estar da população LGBT. Além disso, consideramos apenas artigos disponíveis nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Por outro lado, foram excluidos artigos que não estão disponíveis de forma gratuita, publicações fora do intervalo de tempo definido, trabalhos que não abordam diretamente a temática de aceitação social, saúde mental e bem-estar da população LGBT, e documentos que estão em outros idiomas. A pesquisa revelou que a aceitação social é um fator determinante na prevenção de problemas de saúde mental, como depressão e ansiedade, entre a população LGBT. Os resultados destacaram que, em ambientes onde há maior aceitação, os indivíduos LGBT tendem a apresentar melhores indicadores de saúde mental e uma qualidade de vida superior. Esta análise permitiu identificar também as práticas eficazes e as áreas que ainda necessitam de atenção para fomentar uma maior aceitação social. Além disso, sublinhou a necessidade de políticas públicas inclusivas e de iniciativas que promovam o respeito e a valorização da diversidade. O estudo enfatiza a importância de uma colaboração internacional para a troca de melhores práticas e a promoção de uma saúde mental robusta entre a população LGBT globalmente. A adoção de uma abordagem baseada em evidências e sensível às especificidades culturais de cada país é vital para avançar na luta contra a discriminação e melhorar o bem-estar dessa população

Polymorphisms in the MBL2 gene are associated with the plasma levels of MBL and the cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in severe COVID-19

IntroductionMannose-binding lectin (MBL) promotes opsonization, favoring phagocytosis and activation of the complement system in response to different microorganisms, and may influence the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines. This study investigated the association of MBL2 gene polymorphisms with the plasma levels of MBL and inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19.MethodsBlood samples from 385 individuals (208 with acute COVID-19 and 117 post-COVID-19) were subjected to real-time PCR genotyping. Plasma measurements of MBL and cytokines were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry, respectively.ResultsThe frequencies of the polymorphic MBL2 genotype (OO) and allele (O) were higher in patients with severe COVID-19 (p< 0.05). The polymorphic genotypes (AO and OO) were associated with lower MBL levels (p< 0.05). IL-6 and TNF-α were higher in patients with low MBL and severe COVID-19 (p< 0.05). No association of polymorphisms, MBL levels, or cytokine levels with long COVID was observed.DiscussionThe results suggest that, besides MBL2 polymorphisms promoting a reduction in MBL levels and therefore in its function, they may also contribute to the development of a more intense inflammatory process responsible for the severity of COVID-19

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities