Updated cardiovascular prevention guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology: 2019

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ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ

Avaliação dos resultados cirúrgicos, funcionais e de qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em pacientes submetidos à Proctocolectomia Total e Reservatório Ileoanal

Submitted by Bruno Xavier ([email protected]) on 2020-02-11T19:15:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: cfd6801dba008cb6adbd9838b81582ab (MD5) mestradoAdriana Cherem.pdf: 2608405 bytes, checksum: 400cf26698d2cffe99a0bda3161a75fa (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Eliane Araujo ([email protected]) on 2020-03-06T16:22:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: cfd6801dba008cb6adbd9838b81582ab (MD5) mestradoAdriana Cherem.pdf: 2608405 bytes, checksum: 400cf26698d2cffe99a0bda3161a75fa (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-06T20:08:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: cfd6801dba008cb6adbd9838b81582ab (MD5) mestradoAdriana Cherem.pdf: 2608405 bytes, checksum: 400cf26698d2cffe99a0bda3161a75fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-23INTRODUÇÃO: A Proctocolectomia (PCT) com reservatório ileoanal (RIA) é a operação de escolha em muitos casos de Polipose Adenomatosa Familiar (PAF) e de Retocolite Ulcerativa (RCU), permitindo a manutenção da via natural de evacuação. Trata-se, entretanto, de cirurgia com considerável morbidade, tanto em termos de complicações quanto funcionalmente, com impacto considerável na Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde (QVRS). OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os resultados cirúrgicos da PCT com RIA, a função do RIA e a QVRS, bem como o impacto das características sócio-demográficas e ocorrência de complicações na função do RIA e na QVRS. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 55 pacientes submetidos a PCT com RIA, sendo que as complicações foram agrupadas em precoces e tardias. As complicações precoces foram classificadas de acordo com Clavien-Dindo. A avaliação da QVRS e da função do RIA foi realizada em 40 pacientes, utilizando-se os questionários específicos sobre a função do RIA e a QVRS, o Cleveland Global Quality of Life (CGQL) e a aplicação dos questionários: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) e o Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF36). RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 42,1±14,1 anos, sendo 63,6% do sexo masculino e 69,1% com diagnóstico de PAF. A mortalidade cirúrgica foi de 1,8% e a morbidade de 76,4%. A fístula anastomótica foi a complicação precoce mais frequente e as tardias foram a bolsite e a obstrução intestinal. As complicações precoces mais graves foram mais frequentes na RCU do que na PAF (p=0,014). Não houve impacto das complicações pélvicas na função do RIA, nem na QVRS dos pacientes. As pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram menor frequência evacuatória, menos evacuações noturnas e menor interferência dos sintomas intestinais na QVRS (p=0,012). O CGQL foi mais elevado também nas mulheres (p=0,04), as quais relataram ainda menos restrição alimentar (p=0,052). Melhores resultados funcionais pelo SF36 foram observados em pacientes com maior nível de escolaridade, sendo observada piora em pacientes com mais de cinco anos de confecção do RIA apenas no domínio geral (p=0,04). CONCLUSÕES: Apesar da PCT com RIA apresentar morbidade considerável, não se evidenciou impacto das complicações na função do RIA e nem na QVRS. A função do RIA é satisfatória e a QVRS é boa na maioria dos pacientes, sendo influenciada pelo sexo, pela escolaridade e pelo tempo de confecção do RI

Implementation of a colorectal laparoscopic surgical program - short-term outcomes and conversion rates

PURPOSE: although laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of colorectal diseases represents a major advance, it is currently performed in less than a third of patients undergoing colectomies. The aim of this study is to analyze the initial results of laparoscopic-assisted colorectal surgeries (LACS) performed in a department of Coloproctology in a tertiary hospital, as well as to study the impact of age, gender and body mass index (BMI) and use of ultrasonic scissors or vessel sealing devices in relation to conversion rate. METHODS: this is a prospective observational study with 215 patients who underwent LACS between January 2006 and June 2010 in the Department of Coloproctology at Felicio Rocho Hospital, Belo Horizonte. The data obtained from a specific electronic database included demographics, diagnosis, use of ultrasonic scissors or vessel sealing devices, reason for conversion, duration of hospitalization, lymph node harvest in cancer specimens, complications, and deaths. RESULTS: the laparoscopic-assisted approach corresponded to 36.4% of all colorectal surgeries performed during the study period. Most patients were female (74%), with a mean age of 53.2 years. Ultrasonic scissors or vessel sealing devices were used in 32% of LACS. Specimen extraction and anastomosis were performed through an auxiliary incision in most cases. The overall conversion rate was 12%, with a decrease of 47% after the first year. We did not observe any association between conversion rate and age, gender, BMI, and the use of ultrasonic scissors and vessel sealing devices. The average hospital stay was of 7.7 days and the overall rate of complications was 20%, including 10 anastomotic leaks (4.65%). The rate of postoperative mortality was 1.86%. CONCLUSIONS: despite the difficulties related to the learning curve and unavailability of ultrasonic scissors or vessel sealing devices in most cases, the implementation of LACS in our department can be considered successful in relation to short-term results and conversion rates

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data