Enabling the Best Interests Factors

(Excerpt) For over a century, state courts and other child welfare agencies in the United States have been applying the “best interests of the child standard” to all decision-making concerning children. The standard is also enshrined within the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)—a treaty that every nation in the world has ratified except the United States. Notwithstanding its widespread adoption in family law, the standard is, with only a few exceptions, noticeably missing from American laws and policies pertaining to children in the immigration system. There is a rich literature arguing that children should enjoy special protections within the immigration system and that the best interests standard should be adopted to accomplish this goal. During the Obama Administration, the federal immigration agencies recognized that applying the standard should and could be accomplished and even partnered with advocates to develop a comprehensive framework for adapting the standard to immigration law and practice. Those efforts, however, were never sufficiently codified into law, and, today, some argue that more widespread adoption of the best interests standard in immigration law would have prevented the Trump Administration from enacting the many anti-immigration policies that specifically targeted children and families. With consensus at least among advocates that the best interests standard should apply to all decisions regarding children in the immigration system, it is time to analyze more deeply how to apply this standard to specific groups of children, such as those with disabilities. There is very little in the academic literature regarding how these principles should apply to children with disabilities in the immigration system. Moreover, some advocates may miss the disability rights angle in their critiques, even where laws or policies are particularly harmful to children with disabilities

Special Education No Man\u27s Land

(Excerpt) Since 2014, unaccompanied immigrant children have migrated to the United States in staggering numbers. The vast majority come from the Northern Triangle countries of Central America—El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras—and many are fleeing some of the highest homicide rates in the world. Immigration lawyers have highlighted many problems with the federal regime that cares for these children before they are released to family members or other adults living in the United States while their immigration cases move forward. Yet there is one group of unaccompanied minors that is not even on the radar of many advocates: unaccompanied children with disabilities. Neither the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (“Homeland Security” or “DHS”) nor the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (“Health and Human Services” or “HHS”)—the two agencies charged with the care and custody of unaccompanied minors—keep publicly-available statistics on the number of children with disabilities in their custody. Some have estimated that the number could be as high as 12.6%, mirroring the percentage of disabled Americans. But the percentage of unaccompanied children with disabilities—especially the percentage with mental health conditions—is likely much higher. Indeed, one 2008 report estimated that about 15% of all non-citizens in immigration proceedings had mental disabilities. Though the report does not provide statistics for both adults and children, there are reasons to believe that the figure could be just as high or even higher for children, given that unaccompanied refugee minors are comparatively “at a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (“PTSD”) and other psychological sequelae such as depression and anxiety as a result of forced exile and exposure to traumatic events before, during, and after migration.

Identification of genes coding for putative wax ester synthase/diacylglycerol acyltransferase enzymes in terrestrial and marine environments

Synthesis of neutral lipids such as triacylglycerols (TAG) and wax esters (WE) is catalyzed in bacteria by wax ester synthase/diacylglycerol acyltransferase enzymes (WS/DGAT). We investigated the diversity of genes encoding this enzyme in contrasting natural environments from Patagonia (Argentina). The content of petroleum hydrocarbons in samples collected from oil-producing areas was measured. PCR-based analysis covered WS/DGAT occurrence in marine sediments and soil. No product was obtained in seawater samples. All clones retrieved from marine sediments affiliated with gammaproteobacterial sequences and within them, most phylotypes formed a unique cluster related to putative WS/DGAT belonging to marine OM60 clade. In contrast, soils samples contained phylotypes only related to actinomycetes. Among them, phylotypes affiliated with representatives largely or recently reported as oleaginous bacteria, as well as with others considered as possible lipid-accumulating bacteria based on the analysis of their annotated genomes. Our study shows for the first time that the environment could contain a higher variety of ws/ dgat than that reported from bacterial isolates. The results of this study highlight the relevance of the environment in a natural process such as the synthesis and accumulation of neutral lipids. Particularly, both marine sediments and soil may serve as a useful source for novel WS/DGAT with biotechnological interest.Fil: Lanfranconi, Mariana Patricia. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Adrián F.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Alvarez, Hector Manuel. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Comodoro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

“The lower valley”: a productive rural valley: rural development project through reg channels

The relationship between water and territory has always been and continues to be crucial. However, the dynamics derived from urbanization and industrialization processes and the impact of climate change have damaged an already increasingly scarce resource, which shapes one of the great challenges to overcome today. When we talk about water in our cities, we should no longer do it from an innovative logic but from a point of view of responsible perspective. Therefore, the reconstruction of the irrigation canals of Capinota, in Bolivia, aims to give value to the cultural landscape of water and to renew water management in order to reclaim the historical relationship between the territory and the river, which contributes to the strengthening of the local structure and new dynamics for rural development. The mere generation of cartography and the irrigation architectures build up a story that places water at the center of the project while emphasizing how important is the restoration of the canal, thus improving the water quality and management and strengthening the development of the region and the local community empowerment.  La relació entre aigua i territori ha estat sempre i continua sent crucial. Malgrat tot, les dinàmiques derivades dels processos urbanitzadors, la indústria i l'impacte del canvi climàtic han malmès un recurs cada cop més escàs i la seva gestió es presenta com a un dels grans reptes del present. Quan parlem de l'aigua a les nostres ciutats ja no ho hauríem de fer des de la lògica de la innovació sinó des d'una mirada de responsabilitat. A partir d'aquesta visió, la intervenció de reconstrucció dels canals de reg de la població de Capinota, Bolívia, tracta de donar un valor al paisatge cultural de l'aigua i reivindicar un territori amb una relació històrica amb el riu des d'una renovada gestió, que pugui contribuir a l'enfortiment de l'estructura local i traduir en noves dinàmiques per al desenvolupament rural. Des de la generació de cartografies fins a les arquitectures del reg, es construeix un relat que posa en el centre del projecte l'aigua i aprofundeix en com la restauració del canal pot contribuir en una millora de la qualitat i gestió de l'aigua, tot per reforçar l'empoderament comunitari i contribuir al desenvolupament de la regió.Peer Reviewe

Materatura

La matemática es ante todo un lenguaje, áspero extenso riguroso, quien podría encontrar belleza allí, claro quien mas que Jorge Luis Borges, que en su cuento La Biblioteca de Babel desarrolla un despliegue único de rigurosidad lógica, una sucesión de afirmaciones estrechamente ligadas en sentido tal sentido, nada allí está librado al azar, recorre diversos aspectos matemáticos en forma sutil llevando de modo irreversible al lector por el universo de razonamientos que el cuento propone. La tarea propuesta a los jóvenes se trató de: juntarse en pequeños grupos de trabajo encontrar afirmaciones planteadas en el cuento y analizar su validez. Existe actualmente un interesante debate entre la antigua Educación Algorítmica y las modernas teorías de la Didáctica, como la Teoría de Situaciones. Es fuerte la resistencia de la comunidad educativa a la resolución de situaciones problemáticas, como motor de conocimiento, se acepta en lo discursivo pero no tanto en la praxis. Tal vez el desconcierto inicial ante la situación problemática desconocida, la necesidad de una reflexión y posterior puesta en común con su correspondiente debate, generen momentos incómodos pero necesarios para lograr alguna adquisición del conocimiento que se pretende desarrollar en la situación inicialmente planteada. No se valora que luego, viene la belleza, el hermoso placer de haber logrado la comprensión del problema y poder comunicar como se obtuvo la solución del mismo

Exploring sonority embedded in cultural heritage: Path, transit and listen through the Silver Route (Way of St James, NW Spain)

Environmental sonority, related to viewing, listening and walking along a path, has only seldom been contemplated in the first European Cultural Route, the Way of St James (Camino de Santiago). The research, focused on a section of the Silver Route (Vía de la Plata) variant (Galicia, north-west Iberian Peninsula), defines several sound environments configured by the sound sources, acoustic properties and the culture of the territory. Integrating the environmental sonority in a musical piece facilitates the promotion of knowledge and awareness of the sound heritage, together with an implied appreciation for it. The audible spectrum, provided with emotional and evocative power, has an important role in defining cultural heritage from the present to the future. Furthermore, it is particularly relevant in confinement situations as the one experienced in Europe in the year 2020

The trilinear constraint adapted to solve data with strong patterns of outlying observations or missing values

The possibility to perform trilinear decompositions of data sets has the clear advantage of providing unique solutions. Excitation-emission fluorescence matrices (EEM) are the best known paradigm of chemical measurements providing a trilinear structure associated with the configuration of excitation, emission and sample modes. Chemometric tools, such as Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) and Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) with trilinear constraint, assist in solving the mixture analysis problem by exploiting the trilinear behavior of the EEM measurements. However, the spectroscopic nature of EEM measurements makes that no emission signal can be recorded below the current excitation wavelength, generating a strong and systematic pattern of outlier (zero observations) in EEM data that challenges the classical analysis by MCR-ALS or PARAFAC. Several approaches have been proposed to deal with this problem, such as the identification of outlying values below the excitation wavelength and, thus, the use of data imputation in PARAFAC, but they show severe limitations when systematic outlying data patterns occur. In this paper, we propose a new implementation of the trilinear constraint in MCR-ALS algorithm to cope with EEM measurements where a strongly patterned of outlying data is present. This approach preserves the trilinear property and does not require any data imputation step to replace the outlying observations. Its performance is tested on simulated data, controlled pharmaceutical mixtures and hyperspectral images of a plant tissue (HSI). It should be noted that the approach proposed is applicable to EEM data, where a systematic pattern of outlying observations exist, but can be generalized to the treatment of any trilinear data set with a strong pattern of missing values

Aplicación de herramientas de costos en pequeñas empresas vitivinícolas de Mendoza

El trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo exponer sobre la aplicación de herramientas de gestión de costos en pequeñas empresas vitivinícolas de Mendoza y analizar los efectos que ello provoca en la toma de decisiones. La aplicación de herramientas de gestión de costos permite conocer la estructura de estos y saber cómo gestionar los mismos de manera más eficiente. La organización que se interese en mejorar la calidad a partir de la especialización de la cadena de valor extendida necesitará la definición de unidades de costeo para asignar los costos operativos y estructurales de la organización a sus productos o servicios. La idea de aplicar instrumentos de gestión de costos para el cálculo e información sobre los mismos afecta el diseño de sus sistemas de información por la importancia de aquellos sobre variables claves de los negocios. Cómo resultado del relevamiento, mediante cuestionarios aplicados a pequeñas bodegas de Mendoza, se entiende que la mayoría se encuentra en la fase Cero de implementación de un sistema de información de costos. La fase cero se caracteriza por la utilización de un software enlatado que soluciona aspectos contables y legales, pero no brinda información adecuada sobre costos. Como resultado de lo expuesto anteriormente, es de suma importancia para toda empresa contar con información de costo oportuna y confiable. Es por eso que el presente trabajo, propone alternativas para que las pequeñas bodegas de Mendoza puedan contar con información de Costos, sin necesidad de incurrir en altos costos de tiempo y económicos . .Fil: Alvarez, Yanel Carolina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Bajik, Adrián. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Bello, Juan Maria. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Vitale, Rubén Maximiliano. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas

Evaluación Del Perfil de Velocidades Media para una Simulación de Capa Límite Atmosférica en un Túnel de Viento

A avaliação do escoamento turbulento simulado no túnel devento se realiza medindo as velocidades médias e os parâmetros turbulentos.Neste trabalho são apresentadas as distribuições de velocidademédia e intensidade de turbulência, para uma simulação parcial em condição de estabilidade neutra da camada limite atmosférica. As mediçõesde velocidades médias e flutuantes foram realizadas com um sistemaanemométrico para duas velocidades de operação. Encontraram-se diferenças significativas entre os expoentes da lei potencial e os parâmetrosda lei logarítmica nas simulações a baixa e alta velocidade. Também seapresenta uma comparação com os resultados obtidos no outro túnel devento