19 research outputs found

    Tableau d’encephalite revelant un anevrisme de l’artere communicante posterieure a parakou (Benin)

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    L‘anĂ©vrisme intra crĂąnien est une dilatation localisĂ©e et persistante d‘une artĂšre cĂ©rĂ©brale. Nous rapportons le cas d‘une patiente de 30 ans prĂ©sentant des cĂ©phalĂ©es Ă  rĂ©pĂ©tition depuis 3 mois et admise en Soins Intensifs pour un syndrome infectieux et des troubles neurologiques. Les rĂ©sultats de la tomodensitomĂ©trie et de l‘examen du liquide cĂ©rĂ©bro-spinal ont permis dâ€˜Ă©voquer le diagnostic de mĂ©ningo-encĂ©phalite; lâ€˜Ă©volution sous traitement adaptĂ© a Ă©tĂ© marquĂ©e par la disparition des troubles de la vigilance et l‘amĂ©lioration de la force musculaire. Sa sortie de l‘hĂŽpital a alors Ă©tĂ© faite. Un mois aprĂšs, il a Ă©tĂ© notĂ© la persistance du ptosis droit, du syndrome pyramidal hĂ©micorporel gauche et l‘apparition d‘un trouble du comportement et d‘une agitation : un angioscanner cĂ©rĂ©bral rĂ©alisĂ© rĂ©vĂ©la alors un anĂ©vrisme partiellement thrombosĂ© de la communicante postĂ©rieure droite. Le traitement neurochirurgical indiquĂ© n‘a pu ĂȘtre fait pour des raisons financiĂšres ; elle est donc suivie en consultation neurologique.   English title: A case of aneurysm of the posterior communicating artery mimicking an encephalitis in Parakou (Benin) The intracranial aneurism is a permanent enlargement of a cerebral aretery. We are reporting the case of a female patient who had a headache since 3 months and was admitted to Intensive Care Unit because of neurological deficiencies and fever. The CT scan and the cerebrospinal liquid‘s exams realized leaded to a meningoencephalitis diagnosis. Under the adapted treatment, the consciousness disorder disappeared and the muscular strength become better. Therefore, she went to home. After one month, she presented a persistence of the right ptosis, of a pyramidal syndrome. Moreover, she developped a behavioural trouble and become agitate: then an angioscanner were done and had shown an aneurism of the posterior communicating artery. The neurosurgical care recommended did not apply due to the patient‘s economic problems. She is currently following by the neurologist

    Enquete sur la prevalence de la migraine chez l’adulte a titirou au Nord du Benin en 2017

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    Introduction: La migraine est une maladie neurologique frĂ©quente en population, source de handicap et classĂ©e 13Ăšme des affections les plus handicapantes par l’OMS. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait d’étudier la prĂ©valence de la migraine Ă  Titirou en 2017. MĂ©thodes: Il s’est agi d’une Ă©tude transversale de type porte-Ă -porte menĂ©e sur 2065 sujets ĂągĂ©s de 18 Ă  65 ans. L’enquĂȘte a Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©e sur une pĂ©riode de 4 mois allant du 10 avril au 05 aoĂ»t 2017. Les critĂšres diagnostiques de l’International Headache Society (IHS) de 2013 ont servi de base pour le diagnostic de la migraine. Les informations sociodĂ©mographiques, le poids et taille et les donnĂ©es relatives Ă  la frĂ©quence et l’intensitĂ© des cĂ©phalĂ©es furent collectĂ©s. Les donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© saisies, traitĂ©es et analysĂ©es grĂące au logiciel Epi Info version 2.2.0.165. RĂ©sultats: Il y avait une prĂ©dominance masculine avec un sex-ratio de 1,41. Les sujets Ă©taient ĂągĂ©s de 18 Ă  65 ans avec une moyenne d’ñge de 31,87±8,37ans. La prĂ©valence des cĂ©phalĂ©es Ă©tait de 63,49%. La  prĂ©valence de la migraine Ă  Titirou Ă©tait de 3,82% [IC95% : (3,06%-4,72%)] (79 sur les 2065). Les facteurs associĂ©s Ă  la migraine Ă©taient l’ñge (p=0,0026), le sexe (p=0,0001), le niveau d’instruction (p=0,0039), la profession (p<10-4 ) et l’indice de masse corporelle (p<10-4 ). L’intensitĂ© des cĂ©phalĂ©es Ă©tait modĂ©rĂ©e dans 44,30%, forte dans 51,90%,  extrĂȘmement forte chez 3,80% des sujets. La plupart des migraineux  (78,48%), avait moins de 5 crises par mois. La migraine avec aura  reprĂ©sentait 49,4%. Les auras les plus observĂ©es Ă©taient les phosphĂšnes (34,18%), les scotomes (13,92%) et l’aura sensitive (13,92%). Les  facteurs dĂ©clenchant les accĂšs Ă©taient le manque de sommeil (84,81%), la contrariĂ©tĂ© (68,35%) et le souci (62,03%). Conclusion : La migraine est assez frĂ©quente et sa prĂ©valence est comparable Ă  celle rapportĂ©e dans la plupart des Ă©tudes en communautĂ© en Afrique.Mots clĂ©s: Migraine -PrĂ©valence-Adulte-Benin Introduction: The migraine is a common neurological disorder with a serious handicap and classified as the 13th disabling disease worldwide. The most consistently data on epidemiology of migraine are available in general population in Africa but not in northern Benin. We aimed to study the prevalence of migraine at Titirou in Parakou in 2017. Methods: This was a cross-sectional with door-to-door survey which included 2065 subjects aged 18 to 65 years. The survey was conducted over a period of 4 months from 10 April to 05 August 2017. The IHS diagnostic criteria of 2013 were used to define migraine. Socio-demographics information was collected. The data were analyzed using Epi Info 2.2.0.165.fr software. Results: There was a male predominance with 58.45% of men with sex ratio of 1.41. The mean age was 31.87 ± 8.37 years. The prevalence of headache was 63.49%. The prevalence of migraine in Titirou was 3.82% [95%CI: 3.06%-4.72%]. The associated factors were the age (p=0.00), the sex (p=0.00), level of education (p=0.00), occupation (p<10-4 ) and the body mass index (p<10-4 ). The migraine with aura represented 49.4%. The most type were visual aura (34.18%), sensitive aura (13.92%) and scotoma (13.92%).The intensity of headache was moderate in 44.30%, strong in 51.90%, extremely strong in 3.80% of subjects. The main triggering factors were lack of sleep (84.81%), annoyance (68.35%) and worry (62.03%). Conclusion: Migraine was more frequent in Parakou and this data are comparable to those reported elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa.Key words: Headache, Migraine- Prevalence, epidemiology, Adult; Benin

    L’infection a virus de l’Immunodeficience Humaine (VIH), facteur predictif de gravite et de mortalite des accidents vasculaires cerebraux au Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire-Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) de Cotonou, Benin

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    Introduction: L’atteinte du systĂšme nerveux central est frĂ©quente et prĂ©coce au cours de l’infection Ă  VIH. Cependant, la survenue de l’accident vasculaire cĂ©rĂ©bral (AVC) au cours de l’évolution naturelle du VIH est peu documentĂ©e.Objectif: DĂ©terminer la prĂ©valence hospitaliĂšre du VIH chez les patients AVC et comparer les caractĂ©ristiques cliniques des AVC entre les sujets infectĂ©s et non infectĂ©s par le VIH.MĂ©thode: Etude transversale qui s’est dĂ©roulĂ©e au CNHU-HKM de janvier 2008 Ă  dĂ©cembre 2011. Elle a portĂ© sur 432 sujets tous hĂ©tĂ©rosexuels, atteints d’AVC confirmĂ© par un scanner cĂ©rĂ©bral et ayant bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d’une sĂ©rologie VIH. Deux groupes ont Ă©tĂ© constituĂ©s. Le groupe des sujets AVC infectĂ©s par le VIH (AVCVIH+) et le groupe des sujets AVC non infectĂ©s par le VIH (AVCVIH-). La gravitĂ© de l’AVC sur la base du score NIHSS Ă  l’admission et la mortalitĂ© Ă  J30 ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©es. Le logiciel Epi info a servi Ă  l’analyse des donnĂ©es.RĂ©sultats: La prĂ©valence hospitaliĂšre du VIH chez les patients atteints d’AVC Ă©tait de 26,1% (113/432). L’ñge moyen des PVVIH Ă©tait de 43 ± 7 ans. Aucun d’eux ne se connaissait VIH+ avant l’admission. La mĂ©diane des CD4  était basse : 119±36/mm3. Il n’y a pas de diffĂ©rence significative entre les deux groupes pour ce qui concerne l’ñge (p=0,08), le sexe (p=0,24), l’antĂ©cĂ©dent d’HTA (p=0,2), l’antĂ©cĂ©dent de diabĂšte (p=0,231). En revanche, l’AVC ischĂ©mique (67,3% vs 62,4% ; p=0,02) et la mortalitĂ© Ă  J30 (23% vs 10,5% ; p=0,007) Ă©taient significativement plus Ă©levĂ©s chez les sujets VIH+ que les VIH-. De mĂȘme, l’AVC Ă  l’admission (NIHSS>13 ; p=0,002) Ă©tait plus grave dans le groupe AVCVIH+ que dans le groupe AVCVIH-. Le risque de faire un AVC est multipliĂ© par au moins 2 lorsque le sujet Ă©tait sĂ©ropositif que sĂ©ronĂ©gatif pour le VIH, tous autres facteurs Ă©tant Ă©gaux par ailleurs (RR=2,3).Conclusion: Ces rĂ©sultats suggĂšrent que l’AVC est frĂ©quent au cours de l’infection Ă  VIH et peut ĂȘtre son mode de rĂ©vĂ©lation. De mĂȘme, l’infection Ă  VIH apparait comme un facteur de risque de mauvais pronostic au cours de l’AVC.Mots clĂ©s: AVC, VIH, gravitĂ©, mortalitĂ©, BĂ©ninEnglish Title: Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection (HIV), stroke severity and mortality predictive indicator in centre national Hospitalier et Universitaire-Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) Cotonou, BeninEnglish AbstractIntroduction: During HIV infection, the central nervous system is frequently affected. However, the occurrence of stroke during the natural course of HIV is poorly documented.Objectives: To determine the prevalence rate of HIV among stroke patients and to compare the clinical characteristics of stroke in people with HIV and those HIV free.Method: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in the Neurology department of CNHU-HKM in Cotonou from January 2008 to December 2011. It involved 432 subjects all heterosexual, with stroke confirmed by brain CT scan and who underwent HIV test. Two groups were formed. The group of stroke subjects with HIV infection (AVCVIH +) and that of stroke subjects not infected by HIV (AVCVIH-). Stroke severity based on NIHSS score at admission and mortality at day 30 was studied. Epi Info was used for data analyses.Outcome: The prevalence rate of HIV among patients with stroke was 26.1% (113/432). The average age of HIV’s subjects was 43 ± 7 years. None of them knew prior to admission that their status was HIV +. The median CD4 count was low: 119 ± 36/mm3. There is no significant difference between the two groups regarding age (p = 0.08), sex (p = 0.24), hypertension history (p = 0.2), diabetes history (p = 0.231). However, ischemic stroke (67.3% vs. 62.4%, p = 0.02) and mortality at day 30 (23% vs. 10.5%, p = 0.007) were significantly higher among HIV + than HIV-. Similarly, stroke on admission (NIHSS> 13, p = 0.002) was more severe in the group AVCVIH + than in group-AVCVIH. The risk of stroke is multiplied by at least 2 when the subject was HIV+ compare to HIV-, all other factors being equal (RR = 2.3).Conclusion: These results prove that stroke is common during HIV infection and may be one of its revealing factor. Similarly, HIV infection is a risk factor of poor outcome during stroke.Keywords: Stroke, HIV, AVC, severity, mortality, Beni

    Primary stroke prevention worldwide: translating evidence into action

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    Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide and its burden is increasing rapidly in low-income and middle-income countries, many of which are unable to face the challenges it imposes. In this Health Policy paper on primary stroke prevention, we provide an overview of the current situation regarding primary prevention services, estimate the cost of stroke and stroke prevention, and identify deficiencies in existing guidelines and gaps in primary prevention. We also offer a set of pragmatic solutions for implementation of primary stroke prevention, with an emphasis on the role of governments and population-wide strategies, including task-shifting and sharing and health system re-engineering. Implementation of primary stroke prevention involves patients, health professionals, funders, policy makers, implementation partners, and the entire population along the life course

    The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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    Background A growing body of research identifies the harmful effects that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; occurring during childhood or adolescence; eg, child maltreatment or exposure to domestic violence) have on health throughout life. Studies have quantified such effects for individual ACEs. However, ACEs frequently co-occur and no synthesis of findings from studies measuring the effect of multiple ACE types has been done. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched five electronic databases for cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies published up to May 6, 2016, reporting risks of health outcomes, consisting of substance use, sexual health, mental health, weight and physical exercise, violence, and physical health status and conditions, associated with multiple ACEs. We selected articles that presented risk estimates for individuals with at least four ACEs compared with those with none for outcomes with sufficient data for meta-analysis (at least four populations). Included studies also focused on adults aged at least 18 years with a sample size of at least 100. We excluded studies based on high-risk or clinical populations. We extracted data from published reports. We calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) using a random-effects model. Findings Of 11 621 references identified by the search, 37 included studies provided risk estimates for 23 outcomes, with a total of 253 719 participants. Individuals with at least four ACEs were at increased risk of all health outcomes compared with individuals with no ACEs. Associations were weak or modest for physical inactivity, overweight or obesity, and diabetes (ORs of less than two); moderate for smoking, heavy alcohol use, poor self-rated health, cancer, heart disease, and respiratory disease (ORs of two to three), strong for sexual risk taking, mental ill health, and problematic alcohol use (ORs of more than three to six), and strongest for problematic drug use and interpersonal and self-directed violence (ORs of more than seven). We identified considerable heterogeneity (I 2 of > 75%) between estimates for almost half of the outcomes. Interpretation To have multiple ACEs is a major risk factor for many health conditions. The outcomes most strongly associated with multiple ACEs represent ACE risks for the next generation (eg, violence, mental illness, and substance use). To sustain improvements in public health requires a shift in focus to include prevention of ACEs, resilience building, and ACE-informed service provision. The Sustainable Development Goals provide a global platform to reduce ACEs and their life-course effect on health. Funding Public Health Wales. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licens

    Prognosis and epidemiology of stroke in Parakou in Benin

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    Les donnĂ©es sur le pronostic des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux (AVC) pronostic en Afrique sub-saharienne sont consistantes. L’objectif de cette thĂšse est d’étudier l’épidĂ©miologie et le pronostic des AVC au nord-BĂ©nin. Pour ce faire plusieurs travaux ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s. D’abord une premiĂšre Ă©tude de type porte-Ă -porte sur la prĂ©valence des AVC dans la communautĂ© urbaine de Titirou Ă  Parakou ayant inclus 4671 sujets ĂągĂ©s de plus de 15ans. L’outil de screening des AVC de l’organisation mondiale de la santĂ© a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© pour le dĂ©pistage suivi d’une confirmation par un neurologue parfois accompagnĂ© de scanner. Au total 54 sujets ont Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©s ayant un AVC avec une prĂ©valence de 1156 pour 100000 habitants [IC95% 850-1426]. Parmi eux 44 n’ont pu rĂ©aliser un scanner pour le sous-type d’AVC. Pour les 10 qui ont eu cet examen il y avait 6 AVC ischĂ©mique et 4 AVC hĂ©morragique. Les facteurs de risque identifiĂ©s Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle, le diabĂšte, la faible consommation de fruits et lĂ©gumes, un antĂ©cĂ©dent de maladie cardiaque et un antĂ©cĂ©dent familial d’AVC. Dans une revue systĂ©matique assortie d’une mĂ©ta-analyse, la lĂ©talitĂ© des AVC en Afrique sub-saharienne Ă  1 mois Ă©tait de 24,1% [95% CI: 21,5–27,0] et de 33,2% [95% CI: 23,6–44,5] Ă  1an. A 5ans environ 40% des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©taient dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s. Le diabĂšte Ă©tait associĂ© Ă  une forte lĂ©talitĂ© et les AVC hĂ©morragique prĂ©disaient la mortalitĂ© Ă  court terme tandis que les AVC ischĂ©miques Ă©taient associĂ©s Ă  une forte mortalitĂ© Ă  long terme parmi les survivants. Ensuite la mortalitĂ© a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©e dans une cohorte hospitaliĂšre de sujets victimes d’AVC Ă  Parakou. L’ñge moyen des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©tait de 58,2+/-14,2ans et les AVC ischĂ©miques reprĂ©sentaient 40% et 29,3% Ă©taient indĂ©terminĂ©s (sans scanner). La mortalitĂ© Ă  la phase hospitaliĂšre Ă©tait estimĂ©e Ă  6,2%. Les facteurs associĂ©s Ă  cette lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©taient le dĂ©ficit neurologique important, les troubles de la vigilance Ă  l’admission et les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ«. A long terme, dans cette cohorte hospitaliĂšre, la lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©tait de 25,8% Ă  3mois, 30,1% Ă  1an et 42,1% aprĂšs 5ans. Les principales causes de dĂ©cĂšs aprĂšs le premier AVC Ă©taient la rĂ©cidive (30,5%) ; causes infectieuses (16,9%) ; les dĂ©sordres mĂ©taboliques (8,5%) et les causes cardiaques (6,8%). Les facteurs prĂ©dictifs de dĂ©cĂšs Ă  long terme Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle et un dĂ©ficit neurologique important. Les survivants avaient une qualitĂ© de vie altĂ©rĂ©e et 46,3% Ă©taient indĂ©pendants Ă  1ans et 77,5% Ă  5ans. L’observance thĂ©rapeutique Ă©tait mauvaise avec seulement 25,5% des survivants qui avaient une bonne observance thĂ©rapeutique. Afin d’amĂ©liorer le pronostic et la participation sociale des survivants d’AVC nous avons proposĂ© un protocole d’essai clinique visant Ă  montrer l’importance de l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pour amĂ©liorer la participation sociale. En conclusion les AVC sont frĂ©quents en population gĂ©nĂ©rale Ă  Parakou avec une mortalitĂ© Ă©levĂ©e et similaire Ă  celle observĂ©e en Afrique sub-saharienne. Cette mortalitĂ© serait expliquĂ©e par les facteurs de risque, les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ« et un dĂ©ficit en termes de stratĂ©gie de prĂ©vention secondaire. Une approche basĂ©e sur l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pourrait non seulement amĂ©liorer la prise en charge des facteurs de risque mais aussi la participation sociale et rĂ©duire cette mortalitĂ©.Scarce data are available on stroke prognosis in Africa. The aim of this thesis is to study the epidemiology and prognosis of stroke in northern Benin. Firstly, a first study on the prevalence of stroke in the urban community of Titirou in Parakou. This was a cross-sectional study that included 4671 subjects over 15 years of age selected in a door-to-door survey. The World Health Organization Stroke Screening Tool was used. Subjects with suspected stroke were reviewed by a stroke neurologist for confirmation. A total of 54 subjects were confirmed as having a stroke with a prevalence of 1156 per 100,000 population [95% CI 850-1426]. Of these, 44 could not perform a CT scan for the stroke subtype. For the 10 who did have a scan, there were 6 ischaemic and 4 haemorrhagic strokes. Risk factors identified were age, high blood pressure, diabetes, low fruit and vegetable intake, previous heart disease and a family history of stroke. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in sub-Saharan Africa and found that the 1 month stroke case fatality was 24.1% [95% CI: 21.5-27.0] and 33.2% [95% CI: 23.6-44.5] at 1 year. At 5 years, approximately 40% of the stroke patients had died. Diabetes was associated with high lethality and haemorrhagic stroke predicted short-term mortality while ischemic stroke was associated with high long-term mortality among survivors. Next, mortality was studied in a hospital cohort of stroke patients in Parakou. The mean age of the stroke patients was 58.2+/-14.2 years and ischaemic stroke accounted for 40% and 29.3% were undetermined (no CT scan). In-hospital mortality was estimated at 6.2%. Factors associated with this lethality were significant neurological deficit, impaired alertness on admission and complications in the acute phase. In the long term, in this hospital cohort, the case fatality was 25.8% at 3 months, 30.1% at 1 year and 42.1% after 5 years. The main causes of death after the first stroke were recurrence (30.5%); infectious causes (16.9%); metabolic disorders (8.5%) and cardiac causes (6.8%). Predictors of long-term death were age, high blood pressure and significant neurological deficit. Survivors had an impaired quality of life and 46.3% were independent at 1 year and 77.5% at 5 years. Compliance was poor with only 25.5% of survivors having good therapeutic adherence. In order to improve the prognosis and social participation of stroke survivors we proposed a clinical trial protocol to show the importance of group physical activity to improve social participation. In conclusion, strokes are frequent in the general population in Parakou with a high mortality similar to that observed in sub-Saharan Africa. This mortality would be explained by vascular risk factors (such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus), the complications in the acute phase and a deficit in terms of secondary prevention strategy. An approach based on group physical activity could not only improve the management of vascular risk factors but also social participation and reduce this mortality and the burden of stroke in this area

    ÉpidĂ©miologie et pronostic des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux Ă  Parakou au BĂ©nin

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    Scarce data are available on stroke prognosis in Africa. The aim of this thesis is to study the epidemiology and prognosis of stroke in northern Benin. Firstly, a first study on the prevalence of stroke in the urban community of Titirou in Parakou. This was a cross-sectional study that included 4671 subjects over 15 years of age selected in a door-to-door survey. The World Health Organization Stroke Screening Tool was used. Subjects with suspected stroke were reviewed by a stroke neurologist for confirmation. A total of 54 subjects were confirmed as having a stroke with a prevalence of 1156 per 100,000 population [95% CI 850-1426]. Of these, 44 could not perform a CT scan for the stroke subtype. For the 10 who did have a scan, there were 6 ischaemic and 4 haemorrhagic strokes. Risk factors identified were age, high blood pressure, diabetes, low fruit and vegetable intake, previous heart disease and a family history of stroke. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in sub-Saharan Africa and found that the 1 month stroke case fatality was 24.1% [95% CI: 21.5-27.0] and 33.2% [95% CI: 23.6-44.5] at 1 year. At 5 years, approximately 40% of the stroke patients had died. Diabetes was associated with high lethality and haemorrhagic stroke predicted short-term mortality while ischemic stroke was associated with high long-term mortality among survivors. Next, mortality was studied in a hospital cohort of stroke patients in Parakou. The mean age of the stroke patients was 58.2+/-14.2 years and ischaemic stroke accounted for 40% and 29.3% were undetermined (no CT scan). In-hospital mortality was estimated at 6.2%. Factors associated with this lethality were significant neurological deficit, impaired alertness on admission and complications in the acute phase. In the long term, in this hospital cohort, the case fatality was 25.8% at 3 months, 30.1% at 1 year and 42.1% after 5 years. The main causes of death after the first stroke were recurrence (30.5%); infectious causes (16.9%); metabolic disorders (8.5%) and cardiac causes (6.8%). Predictors of long-term death were age, high blood pressure and significant neurological deficit. Survivors had an impaired quality of life and 46.3% were independent at 1 year and 77.5% at 5 years. Compliance was poor with only 25.5% of survivors having good therapeutic adherence. In order to improve the prognosis and social participation of stroke survivors we proposed a clinical trial protocol to show the importance of group physical activity to improve social participation. In conclusion, strokes are frequent in the general population in Parakou with a high mortality similar to that observed in sub-Saharan Africa. This mortality would be explained by vascular risk factors (such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus), the complications in the acute phase and a deficit in terms of secondary prevention strategy. An approach based on group physical activity could not only improve the management of vascular risk factors but also social participation and reduce this mortality and the burden of stroke in this area.Les donnĂ©es sur le pronostic des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux (AVC) pronostic en Afrique sub-saharienne sont consistantes. L’objectif de cette thĂšse est d’étudier l’épidĂ©miologie et le pronostic des AVC au nord-BĂ©nin. Pour ce faire plusieurs travaux ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s. D’abord une premiĂšre Ă©tude de type porte-Ă -porte sur la prĂ©valence des AVC dans la communautĂ© urbaine de Titirou Ă  Parakou ayant inclus 4671 sujets ĂągĂ©s de plus de 15ans. L’outil de screening des AVC de l’organisation mondiale de la santĂ© a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© pour le dĂ©pistage suivi d’une confirmation par un neurologue parfois accompagnĂ© de scanner. Au total 54 sujets ont Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©s ayant un AVC avec une prĂ©valence de 1156 pour 100000 habitants [IC95% 850-1426]. Parmi eux 44 n’ont pu rĂ©aliser un scanner pour le sous-type d’AVC. Pour les 10 qui ont eu cet examen il y avait 6 AVC ischĂ©mique et 4 AVC hĂ©morragique. Les facteurs de risque identifiĂ©s Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle, le diabĂšte, la faible consommation de fruits et lĂ©gumes, un antĂ©cĂ©dent de maladie cardiaque et un antĂ©cĂ©dent familial d’AVC. Dans une revue systĂ©matique assortie d’une mĂ©ta-analyse, la lĂ©talitĂ© des AVC en Afrique sub-saharienne Ă  1 mois Ă©tait de 24,1% [95% CI: 21,5–27,0] et de 33,2% [95% CI: 23,6–44,5] Ă  1an. A 5ans environ 40% des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©taient dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s. Le diabĂšte Ă©tait associĂ© Ă  une forte lĂ©talitĂ© et les AVC hĂ©morragique prĂ©disaient la mortalitĂ© Ă  court terme tandis que les AVC ischĂ©miques Ă©taient associĂ©s Ă  une forte mortalitĂ© Ă  long terme parmi les survivants. Ensuite la mortalitĂ© a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©e dans une cohorte hospitaliĂšre de sujets victimes d’AVC Ă  Parakou. L’ñge moyen des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©tait de 58,2+/-14,2ans et les AVC ischĂ©miques reprĂ©sentaient 40% et 29,3% Ă©taient indĂ©terminĂ©s (sans scanner). La mortalitĂ© Ă  la phase hospitaliĂšre Ă©tait estimĂ©e Ă  6,2%. Les facteurs associĂ©s Ă  cette lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©taient le dĂ©ficit neurologique important, les troubles de la vigilance Ă  l’admission et les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ«. A long terme, dans cette cohorte hospitaliĂšre, la lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©tait de 25,8% Ă  3mois, 30,1% Ă  1an et 42,1% aprĂšs 5ans. Les principales causes de dĂ©cĂšs aprĂšs le premier AVC Ă©taient la rĂ©cidive (30,5%) ; causes infectieuses (16,9%) ; les dĂ©sordres mĂ©taboliques (8,5%) et les causes cardiaques (6,8%). Les facteurs prĂ©dictifs de dĂ©cĂšs Ă  long terme Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle et un dĂ©ficit neurologique important. Les survivants avaient une qualitĂ© de vie altĂ©rĂ©e et 46,3% Ă©taient indĂ©pendants Ă  1ans et 77,5% Ă  5ans. L’observance thĂ©rapeutique Ă©tait mauvaise avec seulement 25,5% des survivants qui avaient une bonne observance thĂ©rapeutique. Afin d’amĂ©liorer le pronostic et la participation sociale des survivants d’AVC nous avons proposĂ© un protocole d’essai clinique visant Ă  montrer l’importance de l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pour amĂ©liorer la participation sociale. En conclusion les AVC sont frĂ©quents en population gĂ©nĂ©rale Ă  Parakou avec une mortalitĂ© Ă©levĂ©e et similaire Ă  celle observĂ©e en Afrique sub-saharienne. Cette mortalitĂ© serait expliquĂ©e par les facteurs de risque, les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ« et un dĂ©ficit en termes de stratĂ©gie de prĂ©vention secondaire. Une approche basĂ©e sur l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pourrait non seulement amĂ©liorer la prise en charge des facteurs de risque mais aussi la participation sociale et rĂ©duire cette mortalitĂ©

    ÉpidĂ©miologie et pronostic des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux Ă  Parakou au BĂ©nin

    No full text
    Scarce data are available on stroke prognosis in Africa. The aim of this thesis is to study the epidemiology and prognosis of stroke in northern Benin. Firstly, a first study on the prevalence of stroke in the urban community of Titirou in Parakou. This was a cross-sectional study that included 4671 subjects over 15 years of age selected in a door-to-door survey. The World Health Organization Stroke Screening Tool was used. Subjects with suspected stroke were reviewed by a stroke neurologist for confirmation. A total of 54 subjects were confirmed as having a stroke with a prevalence of 1156 per 100,000 population [95% CI 850-1426]. Of these, 44 could not perform a CT scan for the stroke subtype. For the 10 who did have a scan, there were 6 ischaemic and 4 haemorrhagic strokes. Risk factors identified were age, high blood pressure, diabetes, low fruit and vegetable intake, previous heart disease and a family history of stroke. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in sub-Saharan Africa and found that the 1 month stroke case fatality was 24.1% [95% CI: 21.5-27.0] and 33.2% [95% CI: 23.6-44.5] at 1 year. At 5 years, approximately 40% of the stroke patients had died. Diabetes was associated with high lethality and haemorrhagic stroke predicted short-term mortality while ischemic stroke was associated with high long-term mortality among survivors. Next, mortality was studied in a hospital cohort of stroke patients in Parakou. The mean age of the stroke patients was 58.2+/-14.2 years and ischaemic stroke accounted for 40% and 29.3% were undetermined (no CT scan). In-hospital mortality was estimated at 6.2%. Factors associated with this lethality were significant neurological deficit, impaired alertness on admission and complications in the acute phase. In the long term, in this hospital cohort, the case fatality was 25.8% at 3 months, 30.1% at 1 year and 42.1% after 5 years. The main causes of death after the first stroke were recurrence (30.5%); infectious causes (16.9%); metabolic disorders (8.5%) and cardiac causes (6.8%). Predictors of long-term death were age, high blood pressure and significant neurological deficit. Survivors had an impaired quality of life and 46.3% were independent at 1 year and 77.5% at 5 years. Compliance was poor with only 25.5% of survivors having good therapeutic adherence. In order to improve the prognosis and social participation of stroke survivors we proposed a clinical trial protocol to show the importance of group physical activity to improve social participation. In conclusion, strokes are frequent in the general population in Parakou with a high mortality similar to that observed in sub-Saharan Africa. This mortality would be explained by vascular risk factors (such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus), the complications in the acute phase and a deficit in terms of secondary prevention strategy. An approach based on group physical activity could not only improve the management of vascular risk factors but also social participation and reduce this mortality and the burden of stroke in this area.Les donnĂ©es sur le pronostic des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux (AVC) pronostic en Afrique sub-saharienne sont consistantes. L’objectif de cette thĂšse est d’étudier l’épidĂ©miologie et le pronostic des AVC au nord-BĂ©nin. Pour ce faire plusieurs travaux ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s. D’abord une premiĂšre Ă©tude de type porte-Ă -porte sur la prĂ©valence des AVC dans la communautĂ© urbaine de Titirou Ă  Parakou ayant inclus 4671 sujets ĂągĂ©s de plus de 15ans. L’outil de screening des AVC de l’organisation mondiale de la santĂ© a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© pour le dĂ©pistage suivi d’une confirmation par un neurologue parfois accompagnĂ© de scanner. Au total 54 sujets ont Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©s ayant un AVC avec une prĂ©valence de 1156 pour 100000 habitants [IC95% 850-1426]. Parmi eux 44 n’ont pu rĂ©aliser un scanner pour le sous-type d’AVC. Pour les 10 qui ont eu cet examen il y avait 6 AVC ischĂ©mique et 4 AVC hĂ©morragique. Les facteurs de risque identifiĂ©s Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle, le diabĂšte, la faible consommation de fruits et lĂ©gumes, un antĂ©cĂ©dent de maladie cardiaque et un antĂ©cĂ©dent familial d’AVC. Dans une revue systĂ©matique assortie d’une mĂ©ta-analyse, la lĂ©talitĂ© des AVC en Afrique sub-saharienne Ă  1 mois Ă©tait de 24,1% [95% CI: 21,5–27,0] et de 33,2% [95% CI: 23,6–44,5] Ă  1an. A 5ans environ 40% des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©taient dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s. Le diabĂšte Ă©tait associĂ© Ă  une forte lĂ©talitĂ© et les AVC hĂ©morragique prĂ©disaient la mortalitĂ© Ă  court terme tandis que les AVC ischĂ©miques Ă©taient associĂ©s Ă  une forte mortalitĂ© Ă  long terme parmi les survivants. Ensuite la mortalitĂ© a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©e dans une cohorte hospitaliĂšre de sujets victimes d’AVC Ă  Parakou. L’ñge moyen des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©tait de 58,2+/-14,2ans et les AVC ischĂ©miques reprĂ©sentaient 40% et 29,3% Ă©taient indĂ©terminĂ©s (sans scanner). La mortalitĂ© Ă  la phase hospitaliĂšre Ă©tait estimĂ©e Ă  6,2%. Les facteurs associĂ©s Ă  cette lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©taient le dĂ©ficit neurologique important, les troubles de la vigilance Ă  l’admission et les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ«. A long terme, dans cette cohorte hospitaliĂšre, la lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©tait de 25,8% Ă  3mois, 30,1% Ă  1an et 42,1% aprĂšs 5ans. Les principales causes de dĂ©cĂšs aprĂšs le premier AVC Ă©taient la rĂ©cidive (30,5%) ; causes infectieuses (16,9%) ; les dĂ©sordres mĂ©taboliques (8,5%) et les causes cardiaques (6,8%). Les facteurs prĂ©dictifs de dĂ©cĂšs Ă  long terme Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle et un dĂ©ficit neurologique important. Les survivants avaient une qualitĂ© de vie altĂ©rĂ©e et 46,3% Ă©taient indĂ©pendants Ă  1ans et 77,5% Ă  5ans. L’observance thĂ©rapeutique Ă©tait mauvaise avec seulement 25,5% des survivants qui avaient une bonne observance thĂ©rapeutique. Afin d’amĂ©liorer le pronostic et la participation sociale des survivants d’AVC nous avons proposĂ© un protocole d’essai clinique visant Ă  montrer l’importance de l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pour amĂ©liorer la participation sociale. En conclusion les AVC sont frĂ©quents en population gĂ©nĂ©rale Ă  Parakou avec une mortalitĂ© Ă©levĂ©e et similaire Ă  celle observĂ©e en Afrique sub-saharienne. Cette mortalitĂ© serait expliquĂ©e par les facteurs de risque, les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ« et un dĂ©ficit en termes de stratĂ©gie de prĂ©vention secondaire. Une approche basĂ©e sur l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pourrait non seulement amĂ©liorer la prise en charge des facteurs de risque mais aussi la participation sociale et rĂ©duire cette mortalitĂ©

    ÉpidĂ©miologie et pronostic des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux Ă  Parakou au BĂ©nin

    No full text
    Scarce data are available on stroke prognosis in Africa. The aim of this thesis is to study the epidemiology and prognosis of stroke in northern Benin. Firstly, a first study on the prevalence of stroke in the urban community of Titirou in Parakou. This was a cross-sectional study that included 4671 subjects over 15 years of age selected in a door-to-door survey. The World Health Organization Stroke Screening Tool was used. Subjects with suspected stroke were reviewed by a stroke neurologist for confirmation. A total of 54 subjects were confirmed as having a stroke with a prevalence of 1156 per 100,000 population [95% CI 850-1426]. Of these, 44 could not perform a CT scan for the stroke subtype. For the 10 who did have a scan, there were 6 ischaemic and 4 haemorrhagic strokes. Risk factors identified were age, high blood pressure, diabetes, low fruit and vegetable intake, previous heart disease and a family history of stroke. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in sub-Saharan Africa and found that the 1 month stroke case fatality was 24.1% [95% CI: 21.5-27.0] and 33.2% [95% CI: 23.6-44.5] at 1 year. At 5 years, approximately 40% of the stroke patients had died. Diabetes was associated with high lethality and haemorrhagic stroke predicted short-term mortality while ischemic stroke was associated with high long-term mortality among survivors. Next, mortality was studied in a hospital cohort of stroke patients in Parakou. The mean age of the stroke patients was 58.2+/-14.2 years and ischaemic stroke accounted for 40% and 29.3% were undetermined (no CT scan). In-hospital mortality was estimated at 6.2%. Factors associated with this lethality were significant neurological deficit, impaired alertness on admission and complications in the acute phase. In the long term, in this hospital cohort, the case fatality was 25.8% at 3 months, 30.1% at 1 year and 42.1% after 5 years. The main causes of death after the first stroke were recurrence (30.5%); infectious causes (16.9%); metabolic disorders (8.5%) and cardiac causes (6.8%). Predictors of long-term death were age, high blood pressure and significant neurological deficit. Survivors had an impaired quality of life and 46.3% were independent at 1 year and 77.5% at 5 years. Compliance was poor with only 25.5% of survivors having good therapeutic adherence. In order to improve the prognosis and social participation of stroke survivors we proposed a clinical trial protocol to show the importance of group physical activity to improve social participation. In conclusion, strokes are frequent in the general population in Parakou with a high mortality similar to that observed in sub-Saharan Africa. This mortality would be explained by vascular risk factors (such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus), the complications in the acute phase and a deficit in terms of secondary prevention strategy. An approach based on group physical activity could not only improve the management of vascular risk factors but also social participation and reduce this mortality and the burden of stroke in this area.Les donnĂ©es sur le pronostic des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux (AVC) pronostic en Afrique sub-saharienne sont consistantes. L’objectif de cette thĂšse est d’étudier l’épidĂ©miologie et le pronostic des AVC au nord-BĂ©nin. Pour ce faire plusieurs travaux ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s. D’abord une premiĂšre Ă©tude de type porte-Ă -porte sur la prĂ©valence des AVC dans la communautĂ© urbaine de Titirou Ă  Parakou ayant inclus 4671 sujets ĂągĂ©s de plus de 15ans. L’outil de screening des AVC de l’organisation mondiale de la santĂ© a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© pour le dĂ©pistage suivi d’une confirmation par un neurologue parfois accompagnĂ© de scanner. Au total 54 sujets ont Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©s ayant un AVC avec une prĂ©valence de 1156 pour 100000 habitants [IC95% 850-1426]. Parmi eux 44 n’ont pu rĂ©aliser un scanner pour le sous-type d’AVC. Pour les 10 qui ont eu cet examen il y avait 6 AVC ischĂ©mique et 4 AVC hĂ©morragique. Les facteurs de risque identifiĂ©s Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle, le diabĂšte, la faible consommation de fruits et lĂ©gumes, un antĂ©cĂ©dent de maladie cardiaque et un antĂ©cĂ©dent familial d’AVC. Dans une revue systĂ©matique assortie d’une mĂ©ta-analyse, la lĂ©talitĂ© des AVC en Afrique sub-saharienne Ă  1 mois Ă©tait de 24,1% [95% CI: 21,5–27,0] et de 33,2% [95% CI: 23,6–44,5] Ă  1an. A 5ans environ 40% des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©taient dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s. Le diabĂšte Ă©tait associĂ© Ă  une forte lĂ©talitĂ© et les AVC hĂ©morragique prĂ©disaient la mortalitĂ© Ă  court terme tandis que les AVC ischĂ©miques Ă©taient associĂ©s Ă  une forte mortalitĂ© Ă  long terme parmi les survivants. Ensuite la mortalitĂ© a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©e dans une cohorte hospitaliĂšre de sujets victimes d’AVC Ă  Parakou. L’ñge moyen des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©tait de 58,2+/-14,2ans et les AVC ischĂ©miques reprĂ©sentaient 40% et 29,3% Ă©taient indĂ©terminĂ©s (sans scanner). La mortalitĂ© Ă  la phase hospitaliĂšre Ă©tait estimĂ©e Ă  6,2%. Les facteurs associĂ©s Ă  cette lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©taient le dĂ©ficit neurologique important, les troubles de la vigilance Ă  l’admission et les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ«. A long terme, dans cette cohorte hospitaliĂšre, la lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©tait de 25,8% Ă  3mois, 30,1% Ă  1an et 42,1% aprĂšs 5ans. Les principales causes de dĂ©cĂšs aprĂšs le premier AVC Ă©taient la rĂ©cidive (30,5%) ; causes infectieuses (16,9%) ; les dĂ©sordres mĂ©taboliques (8,5%) et les causes cardiaques (6,8%). Les facteurs prĂ©dictifs de dĂ©cĂšs Ă  long terme Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle et un dĂ©ficit neurologique important. Les survivants avaient une qualitĂ© de vie altĂ©rĂ©e et 46,3% Ă©taient indĂ©pendants Ă  1ans et 77,5% Ă  5ans. L’observance thĂ©rapeutique Ă©tait mauvaise avec seulement 25,5% des survivants qui avaient une bonne observance thĂ©rapeutique. Afin d’amĂ©liorer le pronostic et la participation sociale des survivants d’AVC nous avons proposĂ© un protocole d’essai clinique visant Ă  montrer l’importance de l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pour amĂ©liorer la participation sociale. En conclusion les AVC sont frĂ©quents en population gĂ©nĂ©rale Ă  Parakou avec une mortalitĂ© Ă©levĂ©e et similaire Ă  celle observĂ©e en Afrique sub-saharienne. Cette mortalitĂ© serait expliquĂ©e par les facteurs de risque, les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ« et un dĂ©ficit en termes de stratĂ©gie de prĂ©vention secondaire. Une approche basĂ©e sur l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pourrait non seulement amĂ©liorer la prise en charge des facteurs de risque mais aussi la participation sociale et rĂ©duire cette mortalitĂ©

    ÉpidĂ©miologie et pronostic des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux Ă  Parakou au BĂ©nin

    No full text
    Scarce data are available on stroke prognosis in Africa. The aim of this thesis is to study the epidemiology and prognosis of stroke in northern Benin. Firstly, a first study on the prevalence of stroke in the urban community of Titirou in Parakou. This was a cross-sectional study that included 4671 subjects over 15 years of age selected in a door-to-door survey. The World Health Organization Stroke Screening Tool was used. Subjects with suspected stroke were reviewed by a stroke neurologist for confirmation. A total of 54 subjects were confirmed as having a stroke with a prevalence of 1156 per 100,000 population [95% CI 850-1426]. Of these, 44 could not perform a CT scan for the stroke subtype. For the 10 who did have a scan, there were 6 ischaemic and 4 haemorrhagic strokes. Risk factors identified were age, high blood pressure, diabetes, low fruit and vegetable intake, previous heart disease and a family history of stroke. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in sub-Saharan Africa and found that the 1 month stroke case fatality was 24.1% [95% CI: 21.5-27.0] and 33.2% [95% CI: 23.6-44.5] at 1 year. At 5 years, approximately 40% of the stroke patients had died. Diabetes was associated with high lethality and haemorrhagic stroke predicted short-term mortality while ischemic stroke was associated with high long-term mortality among survivors. Next, mortality was studied in a hospital cohort of stroke patients in Parakou. The mean age of the stroke patients was 58.2+/-14.2 years and ischaemic stroke accounted for 40% and 29.3% were undetermined (no CT scan). In-hospital mortality was estimated at 6.2%. Factors associated with this lethality were significant neurological deficit, impaired alertness on admission and complications in the acute phase. In the long term, in this hospital cohort, the case fatality was 25.8% at 3 months, 30.1% at 1 year and 42.1% after 5 years. The main causes of death after the first stroke were recurrence (30.5%); infectious causes (16.9%); metabolic disorders (8.5%) and cardiac causes (6.8%). Predictors of long-term death were age, high blood pressure and significant neurological deficit. Survivors had an impaired quality of life and 46.3% were independent at 1 year and 77.5% at 5 years. Compliance was poor with only 25.5% of survivors having good therapeutic adherence. In order to improve the prognosis and social participation of stroke survivors we proposed a clinical trial protocol to show the importance of group physical activity to improve social participation. In conclusion, strokes are frequent in the general population in Parakou with a high mortality similar to that observed in sub-Saharan Africa. This mortality would be explained by vascular risk factors (such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus), the complications in the acute phase and a deficit in terms of secondary prevention strategy. An approach based on group physical activity could not only improve the management of vascular risk factors but also social participation and reduce this mortality and the burden of stroke in this area.Les donnĂ©es sur le pronostic des accidents vasculaires cĂ©rĂ©braux (AVC) pronostic en Afrique sub-saharienne sont consistantes. L’objectif de cette thĂšse est d’étudier l’épidĂ©miologie et le pronostic des AVC au nord-BĂ©nin. Pour ce faire plusieurs travaux ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s. D’abord une premiĂšre Ă©tude de type porte-Ă -porte sur la prĂ©valence des AVC dans la communautĂ© urbaine de Titirou Ă  Parakou ayant inclus 4671 sujets ĂągĂ©s de plus de 15ans. L’outil de screening des AVC de l’organisation mondiale de la santĂ© a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© pour le dĂ©pistage suivi d’une confirmation par un neurologue parfois accompagnĂ© de scanner. Au total 54 sujets ont Ă©tĂ© confirmĂ©s ayant un AVC avec une prĂ©valence de 1156 pour 100000 habitants [IC95% 850-1426]. Parmi eux 44 n’ont pu rĂ©aliser un scanner pour le sous-type d’AVC. Pour les 10 qui ont eu cet examen il y avait 6 AVC ischĂ©mique et 4 AVC hĂ©morragique. Les facteurs de risque identifiĂ©s Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle, le diabĂšte, la faible consommation de fruits et lĂ©gumes, un antĂ©cĂ©dent de maladie cardiaque et un antĂ©cĂ©dent familial d’AVC. Dans une revue systĂ©matique assortie d’une mĂ©ta-analyse, la lĂ©talitĂ© des AVC en Afrique sub-saharienne Ă  1 mois Ă©tait de 24,1% [95% CI: 21,5–27,0] et de 33,2% [95% CI: 23,6–44,5] Ă  1an. A 5ans environ 40% des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©taient dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s. Le diabĂšte Ă©tait associĂ© Ă  une forte lĂ©talitĂ© et les AVC hĂ©morragique prĂ©disaient la mortalitĂ© Ă  court terme tandis que les AVC ischĂ©miques Ă©taient associĂ©s Ă  une forte mortalitĂ© Ă  long terme parmi les survivants. Ensuite la mortalitĂ© a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©e dans une cohorte hospitaliĂšre de sujets victimes d’AVC Ă  Parakou. L’ñge moyen des sujets victimes d’AVC Ă©tait de 58,2+/-14,2ans et les AVC ischĂ©miques reprĂ©sentaient 40% et 29,3% Ă©taient indĂ©terminĂ©s (sans scanner). La mortalitĂ© Ă  la phase hospitaliĂšre Ă©tait estimĂ©e Ă  6,2%. Les facteurs associĂ©s Ă  cette lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©taient le dĂ©ficit neurologique important, les troubles de la vigilance Ă  l’admission et les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ«. A long terme, dans cette cohorte hospitaliĂšre, la lĂ©talitĂ© Ă©tait de 25,8% Ă  3mois, 30,1% Ă  1an et 42,1% aprĂšs 5ans. Les principales causes de dĂ©cĂšs aprĂšs le premier AVC Ă©taient la rĂ©cidive (30,5%) ; causes infectieuses (16,9%) ; les dĂ©sordres mĂ©taboliques (8,5%) et les causes cardiaques (6,8%). Les facteurs prĂ©dictifs de dĂ©cĂšs Ă  long terme Ă©taient l’ñge, l’hypertension artĂ©rielle et un dĂ©ficit neurologique important. Les survivants avaient une qualitĂ© de vie altĂ©rĂ©e et 46,3% Ă©taient indĂ©pendants Ă  1ans et 77,5% Ă  5ans. L’observance thĂ©rapeutique Ă©tait mauvaise avec seulement 25,5% des survivants qui avaient une bonne observance thĂ©rapeutique. Afin d’amĂ©liorer le pronostic et la participation sociale des survivants d’AVC nous avons proposĂ© un protocole d’essai clinique visant Ă  montrer l’importance de l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pour amĂ©liorer la participation sociale. En conclusion les AVC sont frĂ©quents en population gĂ©nĂ©rale Ă  Parakou avec une mortalitĂ© Ă©levĂ©e et similaire Ă  celle observĂ©e en Afrique sub-saharienne. Cette mortalitĂ© serait expliquĂ©e par les facteurs de risque, les complications Ă  la phase aiguĂ« et un dĂ©ficit en termes de stratĂ©gie de prĂ©vention secondaire. Une approche basĂ©e sur l’activitĂ© physique en groupe pourrait non seulement amĂ©liorer la prise en charge des facteurs de risque mais aussi la participation sociale et rĂ©duire cette mortalitĂ©
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