AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DE RENTABILIDADE NA PRODUÇÃO ORGÂNICA DE MILHO-VERDE NA REGIÃO DA ILHA DE SÃO LUÍS NO MARANHÃO

This study aimed to evaluate the economic viability of organic sweetcorn production in São Luís municipality, Maranhão State, Brazil. Data were collected considering the first crop results of 2017, and then a cost spreadsheet was prepared. The revenue was determined according to the productivity achieved and the price at which the corncobs were commercialized. The economic indicators [net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR)] were calculated, taking into account the inputs and outputs of Cash Flow. A sensitivity analysis was carried out showing 15% impact on the values of production costs and on the reduction in revenue. The NPV for this project over a three- year projection was R $15,602.95 (Brazilian currency) for an attractiveness rate of 25$ 15.602,95 para uma taxa de atratividade de 25%. A TIR ficou em 118,15%, podendo o projeto ser considerado com viabilidade financeira, tendo em vista o risco associado às atividades agropecuárias. Nas análises de sensibilidade, os componentes que tiveram maior impacto sobre os indicadores foram a redução na receita (por queda no preço ou na produtividade), com redução de 22,15% no VPL, e os gastos com fertilizantes, com redução de 12,56% na TIR

The modern coffee planting in the Brazilian savannah

The Brazilian coffee planting presents a great importance in the creation of job opportunities, resources, and exchange value, being very diversified, with local particularities. The Brazilian Savannah covers more than 200 million ha, distributed along the States of Minas Gerais, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Tocantins, Bahia, Piauí, Maranhão, and Distrito Federal, and has reached a yield of more than 5 million bags per year, mainly for Coffea arabica L. The coffee growing, in that region, stands out for presenting yield above the national average and for using, in a more efficient way, agricultural inputs, irrigation, improved varieties, and mechanization, among other practices. The irrigated coffee crop, in Brazil, covers 240,000 ha, most of these in the Brazilian Savannah, representing 10% of the total planted area and 25% of the total coffee yield. The most used irrigation systems are the sprinkler ones (conventional, net sprinkler, and center pivot) and the located ones (dripping and modified). Its climate favours coffee quality, as it allows harvesting under low air humidity conditions, since rainfall is concentrated in the summer. It is also observed, in the Brazilian Savannah areas, higher insolation rates, mainly in the autumn and winter months, favorable to yield and quality. The most planted varieties are the Catuaí and Mundo Novo ones, along with other promising drought and diseases resistant materials

Andina-first clonal cultivar of high-altitude conilon coffee

Andina is a conilon coffee variety originated from a selection of clones discovered by farmers. It was cultivated and evaluated for yield and plant vigor an altitude of 850m asl. Five genotypes (A1, NV2, NV8, P1 and Verdim TA), with a mean yield of 51.3 bags per hectare per year.publishersversionpublishe

Vegetative growth of 28 genotypes of Coffea canephora at 850 meters of altitude

Coffea canephora plants grown at low or elevated temperatures undergo changes in photosynthetic processes, which have a direct impact on vegetative growth. This species shows plants with distinct stress tolerance mechanisms and a great genetic diversity; however, there are no studies concerning the study of altitude on plant growth for these genotypes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth rates of orthotropic and plagiotropic branches from 28 Coffea canephora genotypes, ca. 3 years of age, cultivated at 850 m of altitude. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four repetitions. Each repetition was compounded by five plants. The period of the experimental evaluation was from 01/23/2013 to 07/07/2013. We selected and identified the orthotropic and plagiotropic branches, which were evaluated bimonthly according to their length (mm), assessing the growth rates. The results were associated with climatic factors that occurred during the experimental period. The genetic material of Coffea canephora evaluated in the study shows genetic diversity to the characteristics growth rate of orthotropic and plagiotropic branches, thus, it is possible to select genotypes with potential for cultivation at 850 m of altitude. In general, genotypes of Coffea canephora exhibited variations in growth rates, mainly in response to changes in temperature, with a sharp and constant drop in growth rates between the period from 05/05/2013 to 05/ 23/2013, when the recorded temperatures were always below 13 °C. Genotypes A1, NV2 and NV1 can be pointed as the ones which showed the best vegetative growth results at 850 meters of altitude.publishersversionpublishe

VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA E DE RISCO NA CULTURA DO MAMÃO (CARICA PAPAYA L.): UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO NORTE DO ESPÍRITO SANTO

Objetivou-se neste trabalho determinar o risco da atividade na região norte capixaba, mediante o cálculo do valor presente líquido e da taxa interna de retorno, e identificar, usando o método de Monte Carlo. A área de estudo deste trabalho foi a Fazenda Caliman Agrícola, situada no município de Linhares. A Fazenda disponibiliza de sistemas de irrigação localizada com fertirrigação assim como cultivares com altas produtividades desenvolvidas na própria fazenda. As informações para compor os coeficientes técnicos utilizados na montagem do fluxo de caixa da cultura do mamão foram obtidas através do departamento administrativo da Fazenda Caliman. De acordo com as análises econômicas realizadas pode-se concluir que a cultura do mamão se apresenta viável para a região Norte do estado do Espírito Santo. A atividade mostrou-se viável para as várias taxas de desconto consideradas. Para as três áreas de estudo da fazenda, o Valor Presente Líquido (VPL) da cultura variou de R$8572,82 a R$ 99,28 utilizando uma taxa de atratividade média de 6% a 12%. A Taxa interna de retorno (TIR) foram de 12,19%, 16,32%, e 17,63% indicando que a cultura é economicamente viável para o cultivo na região

Avaliação econômica da produção de maracujá (Passiflora edulis Sims f.) na região do estado do Rio de Janeiro

The purpose of the research was to determine, through the calculation of net present value and internal return rate, the viability of the production of passion fruit yellow (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener) production in the North Region of Rio de Janeiro State, as well as to identify, using the Monte Carlo Method, the risk that activity. Specifically, determines the production costs and the profitability of the investments in this activity. The absence of a efficient management of the production costs and the use of inadequate productive processes are the main problems in the production of passion fruit. Other important factors are plagues and illnesses, inefficiency of the production resources and instability of the product prices in the commercialization process. These factors have affected directly the quality of the fruits, the productivity, and, as a result, caused a reduction in the profitability of this activity. Partially, the price instability can be minimized with the irrigated production, planned to be harvested in the periods of higher prices, and with a better management of the production costs, which serves as a reference in the prices negotiation with the industries.A pesquisa teve como objetivo determinar, mediante o cálculo do valor presente líquido e da taxa interna de retorno, a viabilidade da produção de maracujá amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener) na região Norte Fluminense, bem como identificar, usando o método de Monte Carlo, o risco dessa atividade. Especificamente, determina os custos e a rentabilidade dos investimentos realizados nesta atividade. A ausência de mecanismo eficientes de gerenciamento dos custos de produção e o uso de processos produtivos inadequados são os principais problemas na produção do maracujá. Outros fatores importantes são pragas edoenças, ineficiência dos recursos de produção e instabilidade dos preços do produto no processo de comercialização. Esses fatores têm afetado diretamente a qualidade dos frutos,a produtividade, e conseqüentemente, resultado em baixa lucratividade dessa atividade. Em parte, a instabilidade dos preços pode ser minimizada com a produção irrigada, planejada para ser colhida em períodos de preços mais elevados, e com um melhor gerenciamento dos custos de produção

Caracterização do nível tecnológico dos apicultores do estado do Rio de Janeiro

O estudo analisa e busca subsídios para gerar e transferir tecnologias compatíveis com o nível socioeconômico dos apicultores. Os dados foram extraídos a partir do Censo Apícola, englobando 75 municípios com atividade apícola representativa. Foi utilizada a Análise Fatorial para caracterizar o nível tecnológico dos apicultores. Os resultados evidenciaram baixo nível tecnológico. Por meio dos escores fatoriais calculou-se o índice bruto de desenvolvimento. Com valores mais altos desse índice, destacaram-se os municípios de Conceição de Macabu, Areal, Duas Barras, Rio Claro, Cardoso Moreira, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Campos dos Goytacazes, Natividade e Nova Iguaçu. Constatou-se que o grau de escolaridade influenciou positivamente o desenvolvimento dos apicultores. Esse desenvolvimento também foi afetado pela assistência técnica, pelo manejo da troca de rainha e pela prática da apicultura migratória. Dessa forma, a modernização dos apicultores no sentido de melhorar o nível tecnológico, expandir a produtividade e diversificar a produção passa necessariamente pelo nível de conhecimento do apicultor e pela situação socioeconômica

Caracterização do Nível Tecnológico dos Apicultores do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

The study examines and seeks grants to generate and transfer compatible technologies with the socioeconomic status of beekeepers. Data were extracted from the Census Beekeeping, involving 75 municipalities with significant beekeeping activity. Factor analysis was used to characterize the technological level of beekeepers. The results showed low technological level. Using the factor scores the gross rate of development was calculated. With higher values of this index, Conceição de Macabu, Areal, Duas Barras, Rio Claro, Cardoso Moreira, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Campos dos Goytacazes, Natividade e Nova Iguaçu cities were highlighted. It was found that the level of education has affected positively the development of beekeepers. This development was also affected by the technical assistance, by the management and exchange of queen practice and by the migratory beekeeping. Thus, the modernization of beekeepers to improve the technological level, expand productivity and diversify their production necessarily involves knowledge level of the beekeeper and the socioeconomic situation