The Nexus Between Fatigue Indices and Coping Strategies in Sports Among Oyo State Special Athletes

Disability sports have acquired an indispensable status in the life of many nations and the special athlete as a whole. Special athletes are exposed to a number of intense physical and psychosocial activities and they needed to make use of a set of cognitive and behavioural strategies in order to cope with these challenges and related fatigue. Hitherto, previous studies had focused largely on adaptive sports and effects of sporting activities on persons with disability without establishing a link between disabled athlete’s use of coping strategies and their achievement motivation. Therefore, it is on this premise that this study harps on the relationship between fatigue indices and coping strategies among Oyo State special athletes. Descriptive survey design using purposive sampling technique was employed. Participants of the study include all the registered special athletes in Oyo State comprising of one hundred and twenty three (123) athletes. Two standardized instruments, thus, Modified fatigue impact scale (r=0.384) and Athletic coping skills inventory (r=0.514) were both employed. Altogether, five hypotheses were tested at 0.05 significant level, and parametric statistics, Pearsons Product moment correlation, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Findings revealed significant effect of two independent variables on the dependent variable: cognitive style (β=0.294, r=0.514, P<0.05) and psychosocial factors (β=0.236, r=0.499, P<0.05), while modified fatigue impact has no significant relative effect on coping strategies. The composite effect of independent variables (Modified Fatigue Impact, Cognitive style and Psychosocial Factor) on Athletic coping skills was significant ((F(3,119)=166.777) and about 30% of the variation was accounted for by the independent variables as explained by the adjusted R square. It is therefore recommended that the relationship between fatigue indices and coping strategies is high and the higher the individuals rated their coping with fatigue caused by their disabilities, the lower they scored on fatigue experiences. The more they used coping strategies, the more efficient they coped with fatigue

The Nexus between Fatigue Indices and Coping Strategies in Sports among Oyo State Special Athletes

Disability sports have acquired an indispensable status in the life of many nations and the special athlete as a whole Special athletes are exposed to a number of intense physical and psychosocial demand and they needed to make use of a set of cognitive and behavioural strategies in order to cope with these challenges and related fatigue Hitherto previous studies had focused largely on adaptive sports and effects of sporting activities on persons with disability without establishing a link between disabled athlete s use of coping strategies and their achievement motivation Therefore it is on this premise that this study harps on the relationship between fatigue indices and coping strategies among Oyo State special athletes Descriptive survey design using purposive sampling technique was employed Participants of the study include all the registered special athletes in Oyo State comprising of one hundred and twenty three 123 athletes Two standardized instruments thus Modified fatigue impact scale r 0 384 and Athletic coping skills inventory r 0 514 were both employed Altogether five hypotheses were tested at 0 05 significant level and parametric statistics Pearsons Product moment correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data Findings revealed significant effect of two independent variables on the dependent variable cognitive style 0 294 r 0 514 P 0 05 and psychosocial factors 0 236 r 0 499 P 0 05 while modified fatigue impact has no significant relative effect on coping strategies The composite effect of independent variables Modified Fatigue Impact Cognitive style and Psychosocial Factor on Athletic coping skills was significant F 3 119 166 777 and about 30 of the variation was accounted for by the independent variables as explained by the adjusted R square It is therefore recommended that the relationship between fatigue indices and coping strategies is high and the higher the individual

A Comparison of Ife East, Ife North and Ife Central Local Government Reveals Issues With the Efficient use of Funds Available to Local Governments in Nigeria

In Nigeria, local governments encounter challenges in terms of revenue generation and effective maximization of the available revenue. The rate of embezzlement, bad leadership, low level of accountability, and overall laxity of the finance department in local government in Nigeria served as the inspiration for this study. The study looks at issues preventing Nigerian local government from effectively using the resources it has at its disposal: a comparative study of Ife Central, Ife East, and Ife North Local Government, Osun State. It investigates the differences among Ife Central, Ife East, and Ife North Local governments in their utilization of revenue and explore the effects of revenue utilization on Ife Central, Ife East, and Ife North Local Government areas. Primary and secondary sources of data were used in this research to generate data. It was demonstrated that statutory funding from the federal government to the local government was used for rural development without intervention from the federal and state governments; 56.2% strongly agreed, 34.1% agreed, 2.4% disagreed and 7.3% strongly disagreed. Based on if local government revenues had been utilized effectively for grassroots development; 24.3% strongly agreed, 66.1% agreed, 4.8% disagreed and 4.8% strongly disagreed. Based on whether Local Government has always had financial independence in terms of their expenditures; 7.3% agreed, 43.9% disagreed and 44.8% strongly disagreed. It was raised that the expenditure of Ife-East local government had been in line with their internally generated revenues; 7.3% strongly agreed, 2.4% agreed, 44.8% disagreed and 41.5% strongly disagreed. From this, it could be seen that the expenditure of Ife-East local government had not been in line with their internally generated revenues. This study concluded that local government is unable to drive revenue effectively because of its over-dependency on statutory allocation.

Assistive technology, self-esteem and home factors as predictors of social adjustment of students with visual impairment in Lagos State, Nigeria

It has been observed that students with visual impairment often have wrong adjustment which has been affecting their wholesome personality and in particular, social adjustment. Previous studies have not adequately addressed their social adjustment. This study, therefore examined assistive technology, self-esteem and home factors as predictors of social adjustment among students with visual impairment in Lagos state, Nigeria.The study adopted survey research design of ex-post facto type. Purposive sampling technique was used to select one hundred (100) students with visual impairment. The selected students were drawn from two mainstream secondary schools and two rehabilitation centers in Lagos state. Nigeria. A structured questionnaire consisting of standardized scale such as Assistive Technology Usage scale, self-esteem scale, home factors and social adjustment scale were used to gather data in this study. Data collected were analysed using frequency, percentage and multiple regression statistical tools, and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The result revealed that assistive technology usage, self-esteem and home factors (family background, parent's socio-economic status and parent educational background) had significant joint influence on social adjustment of students with visual impairment in Lagos state, Nigeria (F(5.94)= 10.992; p<0.05). Also, the result indicated that assistive technology usage and self-esteem had significant independent contribution to social adjustment of students with visual impairment (β=0.580; t=5.895; p<0.05. p=-0.556; t = 6.193; p<0.05) while family background, parent's socio-economic status and parent educational backgroundhad no significant independent contribution to social adjustmentamong students with visual impairment in Lagos state, Nigeria. Assistive technology usage, self-esteem and home factors positively and jointly predicted social adjustment of students with visual impairment. Therefore parents, social workers, rehabilitation officers and government workers working with students with visual impairment should take cognisance of the impact of assistive technology usage, self-esteem and home factors in order to enhance the social adjustment of students with visual impairment.Keywords: Assistive Technology, self-esteem, home, social adjustment, visual impairmen

Analysis of Impact of National Fadama Development Projects on Beneficiaries Income and Wealth in FCT, Nigeria

This study evaluates the impact of Fadama III project on income and wealth of beneficiary farmers in FCT. Gwagwalada Area Council was selected for the study. The methodology adopted includes descriptive and analytical methods using primary data. Data were obtained from two hundred (200) fadama users and non-fadama users’ farmers respectively. The findings of the study showed that the value of productive assets of fadama beneficiaries increases from N81, 240.97 before fadama III to N84, 9577.5 after Fadama III project. Conversely, there was a decrease in the net farm income of fadama beneficiaries from N198261.5 to N170180.4 during Fadama III project. The reduction in income despite the acquisition of productive assets could be due to limitations encountered by the farmers. Also, some of the beneficiaries are just acquiring the productive assets and the payment of the beneficiary contribution (30%) for pilot asset acquisition could have crowded out investment in short-term activities that could have increase income.  It is expected that the increase in income will come significantly after starting to benefit from their investment in productive assets. The study recommend among others that strategies such as rotating saving and credit associations that can help the poor to access productive assets should be promoted, the low capacity of the poor and the vulnerable in managing productive assets efficiently could be addressed through training and development of complementary services. Key words: Fadama Project, Beneficiary, Fadama Community Association, Fadama User Grou

Creation of Central National Database in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects

This paper focuses on the creation of central national database based on Entity Relationship (ER) data model in order to describe each person individually and uniquely.  Also, the model establishes the use of the unique code (National Security code) as the primary key to identify each entity, entity relationship within and among public services entities.  Presently, Nigeria is critically facing security challenges because people are not uniquely identified and tagged.  The situation has led to insecurity in Nigeria with different trends and dimensions from one geopolitical zone to the other.  For instance, this has led to various faceless activities such as Islamic sect called Boko Haram in the North, rampant armed robbery in the South-West, notorious robbery and kidnapping in the South-East and South-South.  Corruption and unemployment are all over.  To curb the menace, a central national residency database must be created to solving identity challenge, loose neighboring borders, sectional terrorist, corruption, Crime and criminalities, unemployment, poverty and leadership distrust.  The paper recommends how the government can achieve central coordination of national security and attitudinal change of the country men despite the prevailing security challenge. Key-words: Central National Database, Data, National Security code, Entity Relationship (ER), Utilities, Residency code, Enforcement, National security, Attitudinal change JEL Classification: C82, M15, O3

A Review of Cellular Networks: Applications, Benefits and Limitations

Over decades the world has witnessed stepwise evolution in Cellular networks technology and mobile network industry which have transformed nation’s economy and created job opportunities since 1970. The stepwise evolution of the cellular networks from first generation (1G) to fifth generation (5G) have shown tremendous increase in technology, benefits, user demand and applications.  As new generation of cellular network unfold, the challenges and limitations of preceded generations are being tackled as always depicted in the design architecture of each new generation. The first generation (1G) cellular network was based on analogue and was able to cater for mobile voice transmission but posed some challenges in terms of quality of service and security of network. Second generation (2G) came with the introduction of digitally encrypted technology and greater security for sender and receiver with services such as text messages and MMS. Third generation (3G) was developed to offer high speed data and multimedia connections to subscribers.  Fourth generation evolves from 3G with higher data rate, lower latency, greater spectral efficiency and simple protocol architecture with efficient multicast than its predecessors.  Fifth-generation (5G) networks  is being deployed to meet growing demands for data from consumer and industrial users  and  to enable the use of advanced technologies  such as smart city applications, autonomous vehicles and navigation. The envisioned sixth generation (6G) of cellular network is expected to witness an unparalleled revolution that would significantly distinguish it from the existing generations and will drastically re-shape the wireless evolution from "connected thing to connected intelligence. This paper provides a comprehensive review of cellular networks applications and challenges from 1G to 6G. Keywords: 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, Applications  Benefits, and Limitations DOI: 10.7176/NCS/11-04 Publication date: December 31st 202