Biodegradación de los componentes de mayor impacto en la gasolina

El benceno, tolueno, etilbenceno y la mezcla de xilenos (BTEX), junto con éter metil tert-butílico (EMTB) son compuestos orgánicos volátiles, estos junto con el etanol comúnmente son encontrados en sitios contaminados con gasolinas. En este estudio se evaluó la biodegradación de estos contaminantes mediante consorcios microbianos aclimatados a diferentes sustratos (diesel, gasolina, EMTB, pentano y pentano-EMTB) en sistemas aerobios de lote y de biopelícula de flujo continuo. A partir de éste ultimo sistema se lograron los máximos porcentajes de biodegradación que fueron casi de 100% para cada uno de los BTEX y etanol; y de 67.76% para el EMTB, a un tiempo de retención hidráulico de doce horas

Arginine Vasopressin Enhances Sympathetic Constriction Through the V1 Vasopressin Receptor in Human Saphenous Vein

Background—Arginine vasopressin (AVP) not only acts directly on blood vessels through V1 receptor stimulation but also may modulate adrenergic-mediated responses in animal experiments in vivo and in vitro. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether AVP can contribute to an abnormal adrenergic constrictor response of human saphenous veins. Methods and Results—Saphenous vein rings were obtained from 32 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. The vein rings were suspended in organ bath chambers for isometric recording of tension. AVP (331029 mol/L) enhanced the contractions elicited by electrical field stimulation at 1, 2, and 4 Hz (by 80%, 70%, and 60%, respectively) and produced a leftward shift of the concentration-response curve to norepinephrine (half-maximal effective concentration decreased from 6.8731027 to 1.0431027 mol/L; P,.05). The V1 vasopressin receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP (1026 mol/L) prevented the potentiation evoked by AVP. The selective V1 receptor agonist [Phe,2 Orn8]-vasotocin (331029 mol/L) induced potentiation of electrical stimulation– evoked responses, which was also inhibited in the presence of the V1 receptor antagonist (1026 mol/L). In contrast, the V2 receptor agonist desmopressin (1029 to 1027 mol/L) did not modify neurogenic responses, and the V2 receptor antagonist [d(CH2)5, D-Ile,2 Ile,4 Arg8]-vasopressin (1028 to 1026 mol/L) did not prevent the potentiation induced by AVP. The dihydropyridine calcium antagonist nifedipine (1026 mol/L) did not affect the potentiating effect of AVP. Conclusions—The results suggest that low concentrations of AVP facilitate sympathetic neurotransmission and potentiate constrictor effects of norepinephrine in human saphenous veins. These effects appear to be mediated by V1 receptor stimulation and are independent of calcium entry through dihydropyridine calcium channels. Thus, AVP may contribute to vascular mechanisms involved in acute ischemic syndromes associated with venous grafts, particularly if the sympathetic nervous system is activated. (Circulation. 1998;97:865-870.)Medina Besso, Pascual, [email protected] ; Acuña Torre, Antonio, [email protected] ; Martinez Leon, Juan Baustista, [email protected] ; Vila Salinas, José M, [email protected] ; Aldasoro Celaya, Martin, [email protected] ; Lluch Lopez, Salvador, [email protected]

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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Felicidad, pensamiento existencial y rendimiento académico en universitarios de Lima

Se investigó la felicidad, el pensamiento existencial y el rendimiento académico medido con el promedio histórico de notas de 264 estudiantes varones y mujeres de distintas carreras de una universidad privada de Lima. Se aplicaron la Escala de Felicidad de Alarcón (2006) y el Test de Pensamiento Existencial de Espíritu, Canales, Luna y Torres (2018). Calculando con Rho de Spearman se encontró una alta correlación positiva entre felicidad y pensamiento existencial significativa con p<0.01, entre la felicidad y la esencia del pensamiento existencial, así como lo espiritual, entre felicidad y rendimiento académico con p<0.05. Correlacionan de forma negativa significativa lo pragmático del pensamiento existencial con el rendimiento académico p<0.01. En el pensamiento existencial se correlacionan significativamente más alto con felicidad los ítems “Veo la vida como un regalo”, “Tengo un motivo, una razón para vivir” y “Me acepto como soy”. No se encontró correlación entre la felicidad y lo pragmático en el pensamiento existencial (r = -0.005, p = 0.929), ni entre pensamiento existencial y rendimiento académico (r = -0.113), p = 0.067). Los resultados son aplicables para fines de la tutoría universitaria.Trabado de investigacio

Biodegradación de los componentes de mayor impacto en la gasolina

El benceno, tolueno, etilbenceno y la mezcla de xilenos (BTEX), junto con éter metil tert-butílico (EMTB) son compuestos orgánicos volátiles, estos junto con el etanol comúnmente son encontrados en sitios contaminados con gasolinas. En este estudio se evaluó la biodegradación de estos contaminantes mediante consorcios microbianos aclimatados a diferentes sustratos (diesel, gasolina, EMTB, pentano y pentano-EMTB) en sistemas aerobios de lote y de biopelícula de flujo continuo. A partir de éste ultimo sistema se lograron los máximos porcentajes de biodegradación que fueron casi de 100% para cada uno de los BTEX y etanol; y de 67.76% para el EMTB, a un tiempo de retención hidráulico de doce horas

Infant gut microbiota contributes to cognitive performance in mice

Work in the author’s laboratories was performed on resources provided by the Spanish Health and Science Ministries (PREOBE project P06-CTS-02341, BFU2012-40254-C03-01, and PID2020-114269GB-I00), Junta de Andalucía, and UFZ-Germany. T.C. participated in the PhD program in biomedicine at UGR, was a fellowship of the FPI program (BES-2013-065133) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, and is currently supported by the ‘‘Sara Borrell’’ program (CD21/00187) of the Carlos III Institute. I.A., S.M.-M., and A.R.-R. were granted PhD scholarships (FPU) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. A.R.-R. currently holds a María Zambrano Next Generation EU-Talent Reincorporation from UGR.Gut microbiota has been related to infant neurodevelopment. Here, an association between infant composite cognition with gut microbiota composition was established as soon as 6 months. Higher diversity and evenness characterized microbial communities of infants with composite cognition above (Inf-aboveCC) versus below (Inf-belowCC) median values. Metaproteomic and metabolomic analyses established an association between microbial histidine ammonia lyase activity and infant histidine metabolome with cognition. Fecal transplantation from Inf-aboveCC versus Inf-belowCC donors into germ-free mice showed that memory, assessed by novel object recognition test, was a transmissible trait. Furthermore, Inf-aboveCC mice were enriched in species previously linked to cognition belonging to Bacteroides, Phaeicola and Bifidobacterium. Finally, Inf-aboveCC mice showed differential faecal histidine, hippocampal urocanate and histidine-urocanate-glutamate ratios compared to Inf-aboveCC mice. Overall, these findings reveal a causative role of gut microbiota on infant cognition pointing at modulation of histidine metabolite levels as a potential underlying mechanism.Spanish Health and Science Ministries (PREOBE project P06-CTS-02341, BFU2012-40254-C03-01, PID2020-114269GB-I00)Junta de AndalucíaUFZ-GermanySpanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness BES-2013-065133Carlos III Institute (CD21/00187)María Zambrano Next Generation EU-Talent ReincorporationUG