Feasibility of backing up server information in a distributed storage using client workstations hard drives

As a consequence of nowadays large hard disk capacities, we can frequently find many networks in corporate environment with a considerable amount of unused hard disk storage space dispersed among all its computers. In an immediate future, the purpose of this unused space is unclearly defined and represents a waste of resource. Several studies suggest and evaluate numerous ways to take advantages of workstation unused hard disk space in a network. However, there are no evidences of studies that consider disk-based backup, distributed storage, and the unused workstation storage aiming at backing up server information in small business network. Determining whether it is possible to utilize these resources for backing up server information certainly can help small businesses to obtain a greater return of investment in their networks. In this paper, I present a case study in where I found out that under specific conditions there are resources that a backup system can utilize to back up server information by using workstation\u27s unused hard disk spaces without significantly affecting normal operation of that network

Hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes as potential drugs reservoirs of n-alkyl-nitroimidazoles

Indexación: ScieloThe solubilization of three commercial drugs (ornindazole, metronidazole and tinidazole) and model compounds (N-alkyl-2-methyl-4-nitroimidazoles) on aggregates formed by anionic polyelectrolytes, carrying alkyl side chains of different length, have been investigated in aqueous solution at pH 3.0, 7.0 and 11.0. Potassium salts of poly(maleic acid-co-1-olefins), PA-nK2 with n ranging from 8 to 18, were used as micelle-forming polymers. The partition of these drugs between water and the hydrophobic microdomains provided by PA-nK2 was studied by the pseudo-phase model to determinate the distribution coefficient KS, and the standard free energy of transfer Δμºt. The results indicate that solubility of alkyl-nitroimidazoles on these polymer micelles depends moderately on the length of the alkyl chain, and therefore is mainly determined by the heterocyclic group. On the other hand, the solubilization of 1-hexyl-2-methyl-4-nitroimidazole increase with decreasing length of the side alkyl chain; i.e. KS follows the order PA-8K2 > PA-10K2 > PA-12K2 > PA-14K2 > PA-16K2 >PA-18K2.http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-97072007000100014&nrm=is

2D velocity-vorticity viscous incompressible flows

The 2D unsteady Navier-Stokes equations in its velocity-vorticity formulation, after time discretization, leads to a nonlinear elliptic system which may be solved by iterative methods; however, decoupling the nonlinear vorticity equation from the vorticity in the velocity equations by linear interpolation, a direct method is applied, allowing the vorticity equation to be linear. Steady state convergent flows from the un–regularized unit driven cavity problem, which causes recirculation because of the nonzero boundary condition on the top wall, are reported for Reynolds numbers Re, 400 ≤ Re ≤ 4000

Rafael Barrett, ontólogo del presente: meditaciones sobre ecología, subjetividad plantifica y tecnificación social

Las bifurcaciones que posibilita el pensamiento de Rafael Barrett, por un lado, pueden ser contradictorias y problemáticas, por otro lado, fructíferas y enriquecedoras, pues permiten lecturas que resuenan con cuestiones contemporáneas. En sus escritos aparecen aspectos latentes sobre temas actuales, que son como semilleros para reflexionar a contracorriente del pensamiento dominante. Sus artículos son como flechas lanzadas al futuro, para que los lectores lo atrapen y puedan darle una dirección distinta. Teniendo como eje lo dicho, el trabajo de investigación busca plantear una nueva “imagen del pensamiento”, valiéndose del rico acervo bibliográfico de Barrett en torno a la ecología, la subjetividad plantifica y la tecnificación social, pero leída a la luz de la categoría foucaultiana “ontología del presente”. Realizar este cruce entre Barrett y Foucault, va a permitir atender y enfatizar elementos poco estudiados del autor de El dolor paraguayo, y por supuesto, nutrir posibles claves de interpretación

Isolation of high quality RNA from soil-grown Ilex paraguariensis roots suitable for next-generation sequencing and gene expression analyses

Extraction of high quality RNA is a prerequisite for downstream application in functional genomics analyses. However, the extraction and purification of pure nucleic acids from root tissues is generally difficult due to the high concentration of carbohydrates and secondary metabolites. Furthermore, the presence of enzymatic inhibitors such as fulvic and humic acids can also negatively affect extraction quality, when extracting from clay soil-grown roots. In this work, total RNA was extracted from soil-grown roots of Ilex paraguariensis using four commercially available kits: SpectrumTM, RNeasy®, TRI Reagent®, and SV Total RNA Isolation System. Spectral measurement and electrophoresis were used to demonstrate RNA quality and quantity. The SpectrumTM and RNeasy® protocols provided the highest quantity and quality of RNA; however, the former revealed superior extraction performance. Consequently, total RNA was extracted from the roots of non-stressed and drought-stressed plants using the SpectrumTM method and six RNA-seq libraries were prepared from polyA + mRNAs by means of TruSeq mRNA library construction protocol to convert RNA to complementary DNA (cDNA). More than 80 million raw read sequences were obtained from each condition with an average read length of 150 bp. The yield and quality of the total RNA were consistently high and the RNA could be used for further analyses as demonstrated by cDNA library construction, RT-PCR, and transcriptome sequencing. Thus, SpectrumTM method can be used to isolate high quality RNA from roots of normal and drought stressed I. paraguariensis plants.Fil: Avico, Edgardo Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Acevedo, Raúl Maximiliano. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Física y Química; ArgentinaFil: Calzadilla, Pablo Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, Oscar Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Sansberro, Pedro Alfonso. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentin

Production of the main celiac disease autoantigen by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana

Celiac Disease (CD) is a gluten sensitive enteropathy that remains widely undiagnosed and implementation of massive screening tests is needed to reduce the long term complications associated to untreated CD. The main CD autoantigen, human tissue transglutaminase (TG2), is a challenge for the different expression systems available since its cross-linking activity affects cellular processes. Plant-based transient expression systems can be an alternative for the production of this protein. In this work, a transient expression system for the production of human TG2 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves was optimized and reactivity of plant-produced TG2 in CD screening test was evaluated. First, a subcellular targeting strategy was tested. Cytosolic, secretory, endoplasmic reticulum (C-terminal SEKDEL fusion) and vacuolar (C-terminal KISIA fusion) TG2 versions were transiently expressed in leaves and recombinant protein yields were measured. ER-TG2 and vac-TG2 levels were 9- to 16-fold higher than their cytosolic and secretory counterparts. As second strategy, TG2 variants were co-expressed with a hydrophobic elastin-like polymer (ELP) construct encoding for 36 repeats of the pentapeptide VPGXG in which the guest residue X were V and F in ratio 8:1. Protein bodies (PB) were induced by the ELP, with a consequent two-fold-increase in accumulation of both ER-TG2 and vac-TG2. Subsequently, ER-TG2 and vac-TG2 were produced and purified using immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography. Plant purified ER-TG2 and vac-TG2 were recognized by three anti-TG2 monoclonal antibodies that bind different epitopes proving that plant-produced antigen has immunochemical characteristics similar to those of human TG2. Lastly, an ELISA was performed with sera of CD patients and healthy controls. Both vac-TG2 and ER-TG2 were positively recognized by IgA of CD patients while they were not recognized by serum from non-celiac controls. These results confirmed the usefulness of plant-produced TG2 to develop screening assays. In conclusion, the combination of subcellular sorting strategy with co-expression with a PB inducing construct was sufficient to increase TG2 protein yields. This type of approach could be extended to other problematic proteins, highlighting the advantages of plant based production platforms.Fil: Marin Viegas, Vanesa Soledad. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Acevedo, Gonzalo Raúl. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Bayardo, Mariela Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Chirdo, Fernando Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Petruccelli, Silvana. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; Argentin

Creación y palabra : la acción creadora de Dios por medio de su palabra (GN 1)

Desde el relato bíblico se sabe que Dios crea al nombre a su imagen y semejanza. El hombre, varón y mujer, es creado a imagen y semejanza de Dios. Por lo general, las traducciones del relato bíblico de la Creación, en el libro del Génesis, remarcan que Dios crea, pero rara vez se enfatiza que esa creación es por ¡a Palabra. El Dijo Dios Que suele traducirse del hebreo no es un mero dato colateral al relato de la Creación. La acción creadora por la Palabra parece ser un rasgo característico del Dios creador, tomado, tal vez, de tradiciones extra bíblicas y culturales de la época. Plantear, por tanto, la cuestión por el modo en que el Dios hebreo crea ha de abrir la pregunta por la relación entre Palabra y Creación: ¿Qué clase de Palabra es la de Dios que, al decir, crea realidad? ¿Qué importancia tiene la Palabra, en cuanto lenguaje performativo, dentro del acto creador de Dios? Tal vez, al profundizar en la pregunta por el modo en que Dios crea, la comprensión del relato creacional adquiera nuevas luces para aquellos que buscan acercarse a él. El acto creador de Dios no aparece de manera diáfana en el texto. No es claro el modo en que este Creador bíblico crea. Los relatos del capítulo uno del libro del Génesis indican que Dios fue creando cada cosa en días distintos. Así. en el primer día. Dios creó los cielos y la tierra, luego, el día y la noche, y así sucesivamente. Como si se tratara de una simple descripción fenomenológica. El relato creacional del Génesis posee una riqueza interna, teológica, que muchas veces puede pasar desapercibida. Una riqueza que tiene una profunda relación con lo que el ser humano, y el universo, son. Porque, tal vez, la fuerza del relato no está tanto en lo que Dios hace sino en cómo lo hace.Teólogo (a)Pregrad

T Cell Specificity: A Great Challenge in Chagas Disease

The CD4+ and CD8+ T cell immune response against T. cruzi, the parasite causing Chagas disease, are relevant for both parasite control and disease pathogenesis. Several studies have been focused on their phenotype and functionally, but only a few have drilled down to identify the parasite proteins that are processed and presented to these cells, especially to CD4+ T lymphocytes. Although approximately 10,000 proteins are encoded per haploid T. cruzi genome, fewer than 200 T cell epitopes from 49 T. cruzi proteins have been identified so far. In this context, a detailed knowledge of the specific targets of T cell memory response emerges as a prime tool for the conceptualization and development of prophylactic or therapeutic vaccines, an approach with great potential to prevent and treat this chronic disease. Here, we review the available information about this topic in a comprehensive manner and discuss the future challenges in the field.Fil: Ferragut, Fátima. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Acevedo, Gonzalo Raúl. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Gomez, Karina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentin