Diagnóstico y alternativas de control al problema de la mortalidad bovina en un área del departamento del Vichada.

Se presenta un estudio que trata de identificar las posibles causas de la presencia de un síndrome que afecta generalmente a vacas paridas de ganado de carne, que se caracteriza en términos generales por: aislamiento del animal al apartarse de la manada, ataxia del tren anterior y, o del tren posterior, decúbito sin pérdida de apetito y posteriormente muerte, proceso que puede durar entre 7 y 25 días. El estudio se realizó en la altillanura del Vichada, entre noviembre de 1994 y octubre de 1995, período en el cual se recolectó información de 10 fincas, con muestreo de suelos de sabanas con bovinos en pastoreo, forrajes de sabana como oferta nutritiva y en 6 predios se tomaron muestras de sangre a terneros, novillas y vacas en época de verano e invierno. En las muestras de suelo se determinó análisis físico químico completo, en el forraje se analizó: proteina cruda, fibra detergente neutro, degradabilidad ruminal a las 48 horas, minerales en materia seca. En los sueros de bovinos se determinaron: colesterol, Ca, P, Fe, Mg, proteinas, albúmina y globulinas. Se determinaron diferencias significativas en análisis de suelo por época del año y por localidad. En los análisis foliares, diferencias significativas según época del año. En sueros bovinos, diferencias significativas para hemoglobina, hematocrito, globulinas, entre terneros, novillas y vacas, siendo el último grupo el más crítico. Se sugiere la producción de sal mineralizada que supla deficiencias minerales, suministro contínuo de ésta, mejoramiento en disponibilidad de proteina y energía para mejorar eficiencia productiv

Recycling of eps foam and demolition wastes in the preparation of ecofriendly render mortars with thermal-acoustic insulation properties

The design of render-mortars from construction and demolition waste (CDW) was evaluated. Fine aggregates from red-clay-brick waste, mortar and concrete waste were used, together with recycled expanded-polystyrene (EPS) as lightweight filler. Mixes composed of 70%-recycled aggregates, and 30% consisting of a matrix of Portland cement were produced. Characterization tests were conducted on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties. The render-mortar A4, A7 and A9 can be classified according to compressive strength results as CSI-W0 for interior use under standard UNE-EN-998-1. The A7 mortar, with the best physical and mechanical results, contained 21% EPS, 17.5% brick waste and 17.5% mortar waste. Mix A4 obtained the lowest thermal conductivity, 0.12 W/m·K - a reduction of 79% compared to the commercial-mortar AC1. The acoustic absorption properties were also enhanced by the incorporation of EPS, such that the A4, A7, and A9 mixes were identified as Absorbent for the frequencies of 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

1200

A Classification System for Colombian Wetlands: an Essential Step Forward in Open Environmental Policy-Making

Knowledge about the distribution and diversity of wetlands has become an essential tool for environmental management and policy-making. Yet, while recent estimates indicate that 27% of the area of Colombia is covered by wetlands and despite a number of regional studies, information about the diversity of wetlands nationally is scarce. In response, we present a national wetland classification system that is based on an ecological approach, from the perspective of wetland scientists, and which builds upon the assumptions underlying the flood pulse concept and hydrogeomorphic approach. Thus, the approach and structure of the Brazilian wetland classification system are used, with geomorphological adjustments made according to Colombia’s topography. The classification is hierarchical, multi-scale, functional, and organized according to four levels (system, macroregion, subsystem, and class), with the wetland diversity of Colombia represented nationally by 89 macrohabitats across marine-coastal, inland, and anthropogenic systems. The primary purpose of this classification is to provide integrated and organized information on the distribution and diversity of Colombian wetlands that will serve as a baseline for transparent environmental policy-making. © 2019, Society of Wetland Scientists

Changes of Physical Activity and Ultra-Processed Food Consumption in Adolescents from Different Countries during Covid-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study

Aim: to describe physical activity and ultra-processed foods consumption, their changes and sociodemographic predictors among adolescents from countries in Europe (Italy and Spain) and Latin America (Brazil, Chile, and Colombia) during the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic period. Methods: Cross-sectional study via web survey. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and weekly ultra-processed food consumption data were used. To compare the frequencies of physical activity status with sociodemographic variables, a multinomial logistic and a multiple logistic regression for habitual ultra-processed foods was performed. In final models, p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Sample of 726 adolescents, mostly females (59.6%) aged 16–19 years old (54.3%). Adolescents from Latin America presented odds ratio (OR) 2.98 (CI 95% 1.80–4.94) of being inactive and those whose mothers had higher level of education were less active during lockdown [OR 0.40 (CI 95% 0.20–0.84)]. The habitual ultra-processed consumption was also high during this period in all countries, and more prevalent in Latin America. Conclusion: A higher prevalence of inactivity was observed in this population, but reductions of physical activity and habitual ultra-processed consumption during the pandemic were more pronounced in Latin America. Our findings reinforce the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle, i.e., exercise and diet, during periods of social isolation

Food Habits of the Harpy Eagle, a Top Predator from the Amazonian Rainforest Canopy

The Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja), the heaviest and the most powerful bird of prey in the canopy of the Neotropical rainforests, is critically endangered in some parts of its range, mainly due to hunting pressure and habitat loss by deforestation. In this study, we found that the diet of five breeding pairs of Harpy Eagles in the central Amazonian rainforest over three years was dominated by two species of sloths (Bradypus variegatus and Choloepus didactylus) in terms of number of individuals and biomass consumed. Twelve other species, including primates, rodents, carnivores, and birds, also contributed to the Harpy Eagle diet in central Amazonia; there was no evidence of Harpy Eagle predation on livestock or domestic animals. Throughout the Harpy Eagle's entire range, 69 prey species have been documented, indicating that it can use a wide range of food resources. However, in our study, there was an evident diet specialization, resulting in a niche breadth which was relatively low (Bsta = 0.171). Conservation of Harpy Eagles should include protection of nesting trees, territories, and prey species to maintain the variability and availability of resources and its ecological functions throughout its geographic range. © The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc