Invasions of Alien Plant Species in the South Urals: Current State of the Problem

Aim: assessment of the current state of the introduction of alien species into the territory of the Bashkortostan Republic. Objectives: identification of aggressive neophyte invasion centers, mapping their distribution in the region, the description of communities containing such neophytes, assessment of the population, and reproductive characteristics of these species and the development of recommendations about controlling invasive processes. The characteristics of the adventive component of the flora of the Bashkortostan Republic (457 species) are provided in the article. The most aggressive invasive species (Ambrosia trifida, A. psylostachya, Cyclachaena xanthiifolia, Hordeum jubatum, Bidens frondosa, etc.), which take root in sinantropic and natural communities in proportions of between 18% and 99%, are considered. The biomass of invasive plants is up to 6 kg/m2 , while the density is over 1,000 escapes per 1 m2 . Data on the ecology, phytocenotic confinedness and distribution of these species are presented. Ecological harm is connected with the replacement of local plants, the contamination of lands and the allergenicity of the pollen from a number of invasive species. Keywords: South Urals, Bashkortostan Republic, alien species, invasions, controlling number

Magnetoelastic coupling in triangular lattice antiferromagnet CuCrS2

CuCrS2 is a triangular lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet with a rhombohedral crystal structure. We report on neutron and synchrotron powder diffraction results which reveal a monoclinic lattice distortion at the magnetic transition and verify a magnetoelastic coupling. CuCrS2 is therefore an interesting material to study the influence of magnetism on the relief of geometrical frustration.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

ВПЛИВ КРЕДИТОУТВОРЮЮЧИХ ЧИННИКІВ НА СТАН РОЗВИТКУ РЕАЛЬНОГО СЕКТОРА ЕКОНОМІКИ В УМОВАХ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ

The analysis of the status of bank lending in the real sector is carried out.  The scope of credits for financing of subjects of the real economy are estimated. In order to determine the impact of bank lending on the state of the real economy, the relationship between the volume of loans provided by banks to the country's economy, assets of the banking industry and the main macroeconomic indicator - GDP have been established.The application of economic-mathematical modeling in the study of the banking sector's activity enabled the collection and streamlining of statistical information on the main parameters of the development of the banking system; using the least squares method, to construct a six-factor linear regression model of the influence of the factors of the banking system on GDP on a matrix basis;  the correlation between the indicators of the NBU discount rate, the exchange rate, inflation, return on assets and capital of the banking system, the interest rate on loans are investigated.It is determined that the lending  of the real economy sector in Ukraine needs a substantial rethinking in the direction of orientation of banking institutions to lends of priority activities in the national economy.The practical application of the calculations enables to increase the level of the National Bank's management in order to ensure the efficient functioning of both individual banking institutions and the banking system as a whole since the further growth of Ukraine depends on the stable development of the banking system, the possibility of entering the international financial markets and active participation in the globalization processes. A reliable and developed banking sector plays an extremely important role in stabilizing the country's economy.Проведен анализ банковского кредитования реального сектора. Оценены масштабы объемов кредитов для финансирования субъектов реальной экономики. С целью определения влияния банковского кредитования на состояние реальной экономики установлена зависимость между объемом кредитов, предоставленных банками в экономику страны, активами банковской отрасли и основным макроэкономическим показателем - ВВП. Проведен факторный анализ влияния банковского кредитования на состояние реального сектора экономики в условиях экономической нестабильности. Определено, что система кредитования реального сектора экономики в Украине требует существенного переосмысления в направлении ориентации банковских учреждений на первоочередное кредитование приоритетных в национальной экономике видов деятельности.Проведено аналіз стану банківського кредитування реального сектору. Оцінено масштаби обсягів кредитів для фінансування суб’єктів реальної економіки. З метою визначення впливу банківського кредитування на стан реальної економіки встановлено залежність між обсягом кредитів, наданими банками в економіку країни, активами банківської галузі та основним макроекономічним показником – ВВП.  Проведено факторний аналіз впливу кредитоутворюючих чинників на стан розвитку реального сектора економіки в умовах економічної нестабільності. Визначено, що система кредитування реального сектору економіки в Україні потребує суттєвого переосмислення в напрямі орієнтації банківських установ на першочергове кредитування пріоритетних у національній економіці видів діяльності

Transformation of the monetary sphere and issues of financial inclusiveness

The ongoing transformation of the monetary sphere, affecting its fundamental, organizational, institutional and legal segments, cannot but have a significant impact on the financial behavior of market entities, primarily the population and representatives of small and medium-sized businesses. And the matter is not only in the digitalization of the financial market recognized and generally accepted by all market participants, in the use of digital technologies in the monetary sphere, but also in the growth of geopolitical, informational, behavioral and communication risks. In this regard, the “new realities of the new world” reinforce the relevance of the stated topic, as they add new aspects to the study of financial inclusion. Based on the analysis of the theoretical provisions reflected in the works of modern foreign and Russian researchers of the monetary sphere, the practice of financial regulators in the context of increasing the level of financial inclusiveness, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that in modern realities, not only study, but also risk-oriented regulation of human involvement in economic processes, in particular, regulation of financial inclusion adequate to the “new realities of the new world”. The financial affordability achieved as a result of such regulation provides an opportunity to attract resources for their subsequent use, to optimize financial flows, and to possibly reduce the level of poverty. And, at the same time, financial inclusiveness is the basis for the inclusion of market entities in the formal economy, preventing a possible “leaving” for the informal, “shadow” sphere of life. The theoretical and empirical basis of the study were the results of the works of domestic and foreign authors, legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation, foreign countries, analytical data of central banks, analytical and information materials of Russian and foreign periodicals, Internet networks, revealing the foundations of the transformation of the monetary sphere, assessing its trends in the context of their impact on financial inclusion. At the theoretical level, the study used such methods as terminological analysis of concepts, aggregation and abstraction, induction and deduction, comparative analysis and synthesis, at the empirical level — statistical and correlation. The conclusions drawn by the author can serve as the basis for the recommendations being developed by the Bank of Russia to maintain and increase the achieved level of financial inclusion in the context of the “new realities of the new world”

Oriented core application in texture analysis of J1 formation in Kazan oil-gas condensate field (Tomsk Oblast)

The paper describes the results of the characteristic structure features of oil-bearing rocks via paleomagnetic oriented cores. Volume core model is plotted on the basis of circular panoramic images. In applying scanned panoramic core it is possible to determine the azimuth of terrigenous material transportation and its course and to describe its sedimentation environment in details

Correlation between lithospheric magnetic anomalies and tectonic structures in the Norwegian-Greenland region of the Arctic

The studies of the deep structure and tectonics of the Arctic are important for solving the fundamental problems of modern geodynamics and developing its natural resources. This region is also of interest from the geopolitical point of view, in particular, considering the boundaries of the marginal seas. Our study aims to investigate the lithospheric (anomalous) geomagnetic field in the Norwegian-Greenland region of the Arctic and to correlate the identified anomalies with tectonic structures located in the region under study. The database includes the CHAMP satellite measurements of the modulus of the total geomagnetic field vector (the satellite operated at the altitude of ~280 km). This article describes the satellite data processing method applied to distinguish between the lithospheric part and other components of the geomagnetic field. Map showing the total vector modulus of the lithospheric field has been constructed for the studied area. The article discusses the possible nature of the lithospheric magnetic anomalies and their relation to the processes that occur under the territory of Greenland. According to our interpretation of the maps, the geomagnetic field anomalies are related to the modern large-scale geological and tectonic structures located in the studied area. The obtained results can facilitate further comprehensive geological and geophysical studies and contribute to modeling of the evolution of the lithosphere

Analysis of the current state program INNOVATION SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The paper shows and gives justification to the definition «program» which wasn't used earlier in case of state planned economy of the Soviet period, and legislatively snugged at the moment within an economical and managerial profile as a complex of the interconnected projects and actions united by a common goal and coordinated jointly for the purpose of increase in general effectiveness and controllability. In the course of transition of Russia from system of central planning to fundamentals of market economy denial of the plan was observed, and the program became the instrument of state regulation of national economy. In article the analysis of programs as package of measures concerning innovative development of economy of Russia is carried out

Analysis of the current state program INNOVATION SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The paper shows and gives justification to the definition «program» which wasn't used earlier in case of state planned economy of the Soviet period, and legislatively snugged at the moment within an economical and managerial profile as a complex of the interconnected projects and actions united by a common goal and coordinated jointly for the purpose of increase in general effectiveness and controllability. In the course of transition of Russia from system of central planning to fundamentals of market economy denial of the plan was observed, and the program became the instrument of state regulation of national economy. In article the analysis of programs as package of measures concerning innovative development of economy of Russia is carried out

Light-Induced Atomic Desorption for loading a Sodium Magneto-Optical Trap

We report studies of photon-stimulated desorption (PSD), also known as light-induced atomic desorption(LIAD), of sodium atoms from a vacuum cell glass surface used for loading a magneto-optical trap (MOT). Fluorescence detection was used to record the trapped atom number and the desorption rate. We observed a steep wavelength dependence of the desorption process above 2.6 eV photon energy, a result significant for estimations of sodium vapor density in the lunar atmosphere. Our data fit well to a simple model for the loading of the MOT dependent only on the sodium desorption rate and residual gas density. Up to 3.7x10^7 Na atoms were confined under ultra-high vacuum conditions, creating promising loading conditions for a vapor cell based atomic Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium.Comment: Sodium LIAD loaded MOT, 7 pages, 5 figures. Revised submitted manuscript with minor corrections, new data presented, Fig.5 change

Crystal morphology and thermal EMF of pyrites in the western flank of Sukholozhsky gold ore field (Lenski ore area)

The investigated crystal morphology and thermal EMF of pyrites in the western flank of Sukholozsky ore field showed that the pyrite crystals have cubic habitus with a weakly-developed face {210}. The crystal faces {100} and {210} are covered with multiple irregular-oriented growth laminae. It has been determined that pyrites have such a property as p-type conduction and embrace insignificant thermal EMF variations. The results of the research indicated the fact of upper ore zone erosion in the western flank of Sukholozhsky ore field and its area potential at depth