Improvement of the method for assessing the energy load of vehicle

The aim of the research is to improve the indicators assessment accuracy of the vehicle energy load by improving the method of experimentally - theoretical determination of the aerodynamic drag parameters of vehicle in motion. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the problem of determining the dependence of the energy load level on vehicle speed with varying frontal aerodynamic drag coefficient. Studies carried out to clarify the calculation of the parameters of vehicle aerodynamic drag in motion made it possible to determine the correlation between the actual effective engine capacity and the maximum kinetic energy of vehicle at translational motion. When determining the vehicle aerodynamic drag, the constant coefficient of aerodynamic drag is used depending on the speed in all range of vehicle speeds. This leads to significant mistakes in determining the necessary engine capacity expendable to overcome the aerodynamic drag, and vehicle fuel consumption. As a result of the research, analytical expressions, allowing to take into account additional energy losses and correlation between the kinetic energy of the vehicle steady motion and the effective engine capacity have been obtained. The theoretical contribution of the research is that the correlation coefficient between the kinetic energy of vehicle in motion and the effective engine capacity – have been proposed. Studies have shown that if speed of vehicle increases the indicator will monotonously decrease in the range of actual speeds

DYNAMIC NATURE OF HYDROLOGICAL SIMILARITY

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in understanding how water bodies and their catchments react to environment, landscape and climate change. Runoff change is an integral indicator of climate and landscape changes. Similar landscapes form a similar hydrological catchment response to precipitation. The algorithm for identification of homogeneous groups of catchments (in terms of hydrometeorology) has been developed and tested. The 26 catchments studied are situated in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea Basin. Observational data from 1986 to 2016 were used for cluster analysis. Catchments clustering over three consecutive ten-year periods has shown some variability in the clusters content due to changes in the hydrological response of the study catchments. The results obtained were analyzed based on both hydrogrometeorological and landscape characteristics

Estimation of Innovative Clusters Efficiency Based on Information Management and Basic Models of Data Envelopment Analysis

Clusters and information management play an increasingly important role in the innovative development of regions and operational management. With the help of such structural entities, socially significant issues are being addressed, infrastructure development of the territories is being carried out, the investment climate is improving and various innovative projects are being implemented, new products, services, technologies are being created, the level and quality of life of the population is being raised. In our research we analyzed 24 innovative clusters created in the Russian Federation with the participation of the Ministry of Economic Development. We used econometric and statistical research methods. We analyzed financial investments made by both private investors and the state in the formation and development of clusters. After that, we compared the output parameters with the input financing and, based on the data envelopment analysis method, calculated the relative efficiency of the innovation clusters. We have identified 3 cluster benchmarks and made recommendations for improving the management system of the other clusters

Розробка методу визначення динамічних параметрів оператора мобільної пожежної установки на базі сігвею

A method for determining the dynamic parameters of the operator of a mobile fire engine based on a segway, which fully characterize its dynamic properties – delay time and inertia was developed. The development of the method includes four stages. At the first stage, the problem of obtaining analytical relationships for determining the dynamic parameters of the operator is solved. These relationships include the frequency characteristics of the operator at a fixed frequency and its static parameter. At the second stage, the choice of a fixed frequency is substantiated using a criterion that minimizes errors in determining the dynamic parameters. It is shown that the fixed frequency for the characteristic parameters of the operator does not exceed 0.5 Hz. The third stage includes substantiation of the procedure for determining the frequency characteristics of the operator and its static parameter. The frequency characteristics of the operator at a fixed frequency and its static parameter are determined numerically. This procedure is based on using the data obtained by measuring the values of the operator’s transfer function at fixed time intervals. To obtain data, an interactive analog engine is used, which can also perform the functions of a simulator. The time intervals are chosen according to the Kotelnikov-Nyquist-Shannon theorem. At the last stage, the procedure for determining the dynamic parameters of the operator of a segway-based mobile fire engine is described. It is shown that the error in determining the dynamic parameters of the operator of a mobile fire engine does not exceed 9.0 %, if the error in determining its frequency characteristics at a frequency of 2.5 s–1 does not exceed 2.0 %Применительно к оператору мобильной пожарной установки на базе cигвея разработан метод определения его динамических параметров, которые полностью характеризуют его динамические свойства – время запаздывания и инерционность. Разработка метода включает четыре этапа. На первом этапе решается задача по получению аналитических зависимостей для определения динамических параметров оператора. Эти зависимости включают значение частотных характеристик оператора на фиксированной частоте и его статический параметр. На втором этапе обосновывается выбор фиксированной частоты, осуществляемый с использованием критерия, который минимизирует величины погрешностей определения динамических параметров. Показано, что величина фиксированной частоты для характерных параметров оператора не превышает 0,5 Гц. Третий этап включает обоснование процедуры получения значений частотных характеристик оператора и его статического параметра. Частотные характеристики оператора на фиксированной частоте и величина его статического параметра получены численным путем. Эта процедура основана на использовании массива данных, который получен путем измерения значений переходной функции оператора через фиксированные интервалы времени. Для получения массива данных используется интерактивная установка-аналог, которая может выполнять и функции тренажера. Интервалы времени выбираются согласно теореме Котельникова - Найквиста - Шеннона. На последнем этапе дается описание процедуры определения динамических параметров оператора мобильной пожарной установки на базе сигвея. Показано, что погрешность определения динамических параметров оператора мобильной пожарной установки не превышает 9,0 %, если погрешность определения его частотных характеристик на частоте 2,5 с-1 не превышает 2,0 %Стосовно до оператора мобільної пожежної установки на базі сігвею розроблено метод визначення його динамічних параметрів, які повністю характеризують його динамічні властивості – час запізнення та інерційність. Розробка методу включає чотири етапи. На першому етапі вирішується задача по одержанню аналітичних залежностей для визначення динамічних параметрів оператора. Ці залежності включають значення частотних характеристик оператора на фіксованій частоті та його статичний параметр. На другому етапі обґрунтовується вибір фіксованої частоти, що здійснюється із використанням критерію, який мінімізує величини похибок визначення динамічних параметрів. Показано, що величина фіксованої частоти для характерних параметрів оператора не перевищує 0,5 Гц. Третій етап включає обґрунтування процедури одержання значень частотних характеристик оператора та його статичного параметра. Частотні характеристики оператора на фіксованій частоті та величина його статичного параметра одержані чисельним шляхом. Ця процедура основана на використання масиву даних, який одержаний шляхом вимірювань значень перехідної функції оператора через фіксовані інтервали часу. Для одержання масиву даних використовується інтерактивна установка-аналог, яка може виконувати функції тренажера. Інтервали часу обираються згідно до теореми Котельнікова – Найквіста – Шеннона. На останньому етапі надається опис процедури визначення динамічних параметрів оператора мобільної пожежної установки на базі сігвею. Показано, що похибка визначення динамічних параметрів оператора мобільної пожежної установки не перевищує 9,0 %, якщо похибка визначення його частотних характеристик на частоті 2,5 с-1 не перевищує 2,0 

Neuromodeling in horticulture and viticulture

The article considers the possibilities of using the artificial intelligence in horticulture and viticulture. At present, the artificial intelligence technologies are actively used in agriculture, which make it possible to effectively determine crop yields, automate the cropping and storage of agricultural produce, determine the condition of the soil, the composition and effective use of fertilizers, identify plant diseases and bring weeds under control using recognition methods. The use of the artificial intelligence methods in horticulture and viticulture has its own specific features: firstly, robotic complexes for harvesting cherries, apricots, apples, peaches and grapes; and secondly, the identification of fruit diseases by means photo recognition using neural networks’ machine learning

Exploring Charged Defects in Ferroelectrics by the Switching Spectroscopy Piezoresponse Force Microscopy

Monitoring the charged defect concentration at the nanoscale is of critical importance for both the fundamental science and applications of ferroelectrics. However, up-to-date, high-resolution study methods for the investigation of structural defects, such as transmission electron microscopy, X-ray tomography, etc., are expensive and demand complicated sample preparation. With an example of the lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite ceramics, a novel method is proposed based on the switching spectroscopy piezoresponse force microscopy (SSPFM) that allows probing the electric potential from buried subsurface charged defects in the ferroelectric materials with a nanometer-scale spatial resolution. When compared with the composition-sensitive methods, such as neutron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and local time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, the SSPFM sensitivity to the variation of the electric potential from the charged defects is shown to be equivalent to less than 0.3 at% of the defect concentration. Additionally, the possibility to locally evaluate dynamics of the polarization screening caused by the charged defects is demonstrated, which is of significant interest for further understanding defect-mediated processes in ferroelectrics.publishe

Unexplained Graft Dysfunction after Heart Transplantation—Role of Novel Molecular Expression Test Score and QTc-Interval: A Case Report

In the current era of immunosuppressive medications there is increased observed incidence of graft dysfunction in the absence of known histological criteria of rejection after heart transplantation. A noninvasive molecular expression diagnostic test was developed and validated to rule out histological acute cellular rejection. In this paper we present for the first time, longitudinal pattern of changes in this novel diagnostic test score along with QTc-interval in a patient who was admitted with unexplained graft dysfunction. Patient presented with graft failure with negative findings on all known criteria of rejection including acute cellular rejection, antibody mediated rejection and cardiac allograft vasculopathy. The molecular expression test score showed gradual increase and QTc-interval showed gradual prolongation with the gradual decline in graft function. This paper exemplifies that in patients presenting with unexplained graft dysfunction, GEP test score and QTc-interval correlate with the changes in the graft function

A Family of Pretrained Transformer Language Models for Russian

Nowadays, Transformer language models (LMs) represent a fundamental component of the NLP research methodologies and applications. However, the development of such models specifically for the Russian language has received little attention. This paper presents a collection of 13 Russian Transformer LMs based on the encoder (ruBERT, ruRoBERTa, ruELECTRA), decoder (ruGPT-3), and encoder-decoder (ruT5, FRED-T5) models in multiple sizes. Access to these models is readily available via the HuggingFace platform. We provide a report of the model architecture design and pretraining, and the results of evaluating their generalization abilities on Russian natural language understanding and generation datasets and benchmarks. By pretraining and releasing these specialized Transformer LMs, we hope to broaden the scope of the NLP research directions and enable the development of industrial solutions for the Russian language