Simulating Surface Runoff Volume in Southern Louisiana with DRAINMOD1

The water management simulation model, DRAINMOD, was used to simulate surface runoff volume from a subsurface-drained plot and a non-subsurface drained plot in southern Louisiana. Seven years (1981-87) of recorded data were used in this study. The model overestimated the total surface run off volume by 7.7% and 25.1% from the subsurface-drained plot and the non-subsurface drained plot, respectively. In general, the performance of the model in simulating surface runoff volume in southern Louisiana is satisfactory

Sediment Loss Prediction with DRAINMOD-CREAMSI

Data from a subsurface-drained plot and a non-subsurface-drained plot near Baton Rouge, Louisiana, were used to evaluate the DRAINMOD-CREAMS model for simulating sediment loss from flat agricultural land. Simulated and measured sediment losses were compared for 7 years (1981-87). The model underestimated sediment loss by 10.1%and 11.0% from a subsurface-drained plot and non-subsurfuce-drained plot, respectively. In general, the performance of the DRAINMOD-CREAMS model in simulating sediment loss from flat agricultural land in Louisiana, USA is satisfactory

Kontribusi Imam al-Rāfi'ī dan Imam al-Nawawī dalam Penataan Keragaman Pendapat Hukum Mazhab Shāfi'ī

The diversity of legal opinions in the Shāfi'ī school of thought (madhhab), in the form of old opinion (qawl qadīm) and new opinion (qawl jadīd) and the ijtihād activities that pertained to some centuries after the passing away of al-Shāfi'ī, has brought this madhhab into encounter with serious problems in selecting the law. In such a situation, al-Rāfi'ī and al-Nawawī came into the fore as muharrir (selector) to cope with this uncertainty. This research tries to analyze all scientific activities of the two scholars using the theory of tarjīh. This research found out that they attempted to establish a legal certainty in the Shāfi'ī school of law through the making of new mixed system of tarjīh to ensure which opinions deserve to be regarded as valid from the viewpoint of Shāfi'ī madhhab. This achievement contributes to the enrichment of Shāfi'ī madhhab as a legal school consisting of a great variety of legal opinions that equips itself with procedures of selection used as norms of everyday life

Ekosistem Yang Mempengaruhi Pengembangan Pustakawan

The development of a library is strongly influenced by the environment of the users has to be serve. This environment is currently known as the VUCA ecosystem, namely Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity. VUCA itself emerged as a result of technological developments which are currently called the industrial revolution 4.0. This paper is a literature review that discusses the influence of the VUCA ecosystem in library development based on the literature and related research reports. Literature is collected both online and printed literature and then discussed. Various papers relevant to the VUCA ecosystem were collected from books, journals, and websites, then analyzed descriptively. Various library developments must consider the VUCA ecosystem so that the services provided by libraries are in accordance with the needs of users in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. Libraries are entities that are strongly influenced by the VUCA environment or ecosystem. Therefore, in order for libraries to survive in the era of destructive technology that causes VUCA, the librarian as the driving force of the library must have a service breakthrough that can get out of the VUCA trap.Pengembangan perpustakaan sangat dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan pemustaka yang akan dilayaninya. Lingkungan tersebut saat ini dikenal dengan ekosistem VUCA yaitu Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity dan Ambiguity. VUCA sendiri muncul akibat dari perkembangan teknologi yang saat ini disebut revolusi industri 4.0. Karya tulis ini merupakan literature review atau tinjauan literatur yang membahas pengaruh ekosistem VUCA dalam pengembangan perpustakaan berdasarkan kepada literatur dan laporan hasil penelitian terkait. Literur dikumpulkan baik melalui daring maupun literatur tercetak kemudian dibahas. Berbagai karya tulis yang relevan dengan ekosistem VUCA dikumpulkan dari buku, jurnal, maupun situs web, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berbagai pengembangan perpustakaan harus mempertimbangkan ekosistem VUCA agar layanan yang diberikan oleh perpustakaan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pemustaka di era revolusi industri 4.0. Perpustakaan termasuk entitas yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan atau ekosistem VUCA. Karena itu agar perpustakaan bisa survive di era teknologi desruptive yang menyebabkan VUCA tersebut, maka pustakawan sebagai motor penggerak perpustakaan harus mempunyai terobosan layanan yang bisa keluar dari jebakan VUCA

RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENGIRIS UBI KAYU MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN NORDIC BODY MAP (NBM) DAN PENDEKATAN ANTROPOMETRI

Cassava is one of the farm’s product that is located in West Kalimantan, especially in Sekadau District. In Mr. Abu’s home industry of cassava chips which it used manual cutting tool, the cutting process often got pain on skeletal muscle such us waist, brisket, necklace, arm, and got work accident because position was not ergonomic. Based on problems, the solution that can do is using cassava cutting machine design. Therefore, this research is needed to decrease pain problems and work accident in the cutting process of cassava. The method that was used in this research is Nordic Body Map with antropometri approach. Nordic Body Map is the method of subject assessment which the results depend on condition who is gotten by worker to know the level of injury risk on moskuleskeletal system. Antropometric was used to determine the size of machine which it will be built depends on operator body dimention. In order to the cassava cutting machine will be ergonomic and can improve the result of operator work. The results showed that the using method of Nordic Body Map got the low level of injury risk on muscle in amount of 458,75%. The comparasion result in before and after designing increases in amount of 105 %. The dimention of choosing machine is the height of seat of 45 cm, the height of back seat of 53 cm, the height of machine of 97 cm, the depth of back seat of 47 cm, the depth and length maximum of machine around from 73 cm. Keyword – Antropometry, Cutting Machine Cassava, Design, Ergonomy, Nordic Body Map

Rekonstruksi Peran Perpustakaan dan Intervensi Pustakawan kepada Pemustaka

Pendahuluan. Dalam era teknologi informasi yang kemudian melahirkan teknologi disruptive perpustakaan menghadapi tantangan yang sangat berat. Banyak unit-unit usaha yang akhirnya gulung tikar atau setidaknya mengurangi karyawannya akibat teknologi disruptive ini. Sebagian pekerjaan mereka sudah digantikan oleh mesin atau robot. Perpustakaan harus “menciptakan” layanan-layanan baru agar tidak termakan oleh teknologi ini. Sebagian kerja perpustakaan sudah diambil alih oleh mesin, seperti transaksi peminjaman bahan perpustakaan pada perpustakaan konvensional dan bahkan perpustakaan digital saat ini sudah mulai beroperasi. Dengan perpustakaan digital maka pemustaka memang tidak perlu lagi mendatangi secara fisik perpustakaan sebab semua layanannya sudah dapat dilakukan melalui gawai. Kajian ini merupakan kajian literatur yang membahas tingkatan layanan atau mediasi menurut Kuhlthau untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan informasi pemustaka Metode dan Pengumpulan Data. Literatur dikumpulkan dari akses ke internet dan koleksi cetak perpustakaan. Analisis Data. Dari literatur yang dikumpulkan dibuatkan catatan poin penting yang kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil dan Pembahasan. Kuhlthau memperkenalkan layanan informasi yang disebutnya sebagai intervensi kepada pemustaka. Menurut Kuhlthau ada dua layanan perpustakaan dasar di mana pustakawan profesional terlibat dalam intervensi tersebut yaitu referensi dan instruksi bibliografi. Layanan referensi adalah mediasi kepada pemustaka untuk membantu lokasi dan penggunaan sumber dan informasi. Mediasi seperti ini bisa mediasi sederhana, tetapi juga bisa mediasi yang panjang yang melibatkan proses pencarian informasi yang rumit dan sangat panjang. Konsep zona intervensi ditentukan oleh sifat masalah pemustaka dan tahapan proses pemustaka mengarah pada identifikasi tingkat mediasi dan pendidikan. Menurut Kuhlthau ada lima level mediasi yaitu: organizer (pengatur), locator (pencari lokasi), identifier (pengidentifikasi), advisor (penasihat), dan counselor (konselor). Jika pemustaka bisa bekerja sendiri dalam mencari informasi maka pustakawan tidak perlu melakukan intervensi untuk memediasi pemustaka tersebut. Namun jika pemustaka tidak mampu melakukan pencarian sendiri maka kehadiran pustakawan untuk mengintervensi yaitu memediasi pemustaka sangat diperlukan Kesimpulan. Ada lima level mediasi menurut Kuhlthau yaitu: organizer (pengatur), locator (pencari lokasi), identifier (pengidentifikasi), advisor (penasihat), dan counselor (konselor).Introduction. In the era of information technology that causes the emergence of disruptive technology, libraries face very formidable challenges. Many businesses have gone bankrupt or at least reduced their employees due to this disruptive technology. Many of their jobs have been replaced by machines or robots. Libraries must develop new services so as not to be affected by this technology. Some libraries work has been taken over by machines, such as circulation of library materials and even digital libraries are now starting to operate. The concept of an intervention zone is determined by the nature of the user's problem and the stages of the user process leading to the identification of mediation and education levels. According to Kuhlthau, there are five levels of mediation, namely: organizer, locator, identifier, advisor, and counselor. If the user can work alone in finding information, then the librarian does not need to intervene to mediate the user. With a digital library, users no longer need to physically visit the library because all services can be done through devices. This study is a literature review that discusses the level of service or mediation according to Kuhlthau to meet the information needs of users. Methods and Data Collection. The literature was collected from the internet and the library's print collection. Data analysis. From the collected literature, notes of important points were made which were then analyzed descriptively. Results and Discussion. Kuhlthau introduced an information service that he called intervention to users. According to Kuhlthau, there are two basic library services in which professional librarians are involved in the intervention, namely bibliographic reference and instruction. Reference services are mediation to users to assist with the location and use of resources and information. This kind of mediation can be a simple mediation, but it can also be a lengthy mediation that involves a complex and very lengthy information search process. The concept of an intervention zone is determined by the nature of the user's problem and the stages of the user process leading to the identification of mediation and education levels. According to Kuhlthau, there are five levels of mediation, namely: organizer, locator, identifier, advisor, and counselor. If the user can work alone in finding information, then the librarian does not need to intervene to mediate the user. However, if the user is not able to do the search on his own, then the presence of the librarian to intervene, namely mediating the user is very necessary Conclusion. According to Kuhlthau, there are five levels of mediation, namely: organizer, locator, identifier, advisor, and counselo

Modification of the DRAINMOD-CREAMS Model to Incorporate a Nutrient Submodel.

DRAINMOD-CREAMS model was used to simulate surface runoff and sediment loss from subsurface drained plot and non-subsurface drained plot in southern Louisiana. Seven years (1981-1987) of recorded data were used in this study. In general, the performance of the model in simulating surface runoff and sediment loss from subsurface drained plot is satisfactory. However, the DRAINMOD-CREAMS model did not simulate surface runoff and sediment loss accurately from non-subsurface drained plot. The CREAMS nutrient submodel was also tested on both plots. The CREAMS model seriously overestimates the nitrogen loss from non-subsurface drained plot. The sensitivity of the DRAINMOD-CREAMS model on erodibility value and erosivity was tested. Results showed that the model was not sensitive to the erodibility value and only moderately sensitive to erosivity. The CREAMS nutrient submodel was modified to account for high soil moisture conditions by incorporating a water function in denitrification algorithm. The modified submodel was incorporated into the DRAINMOD-CREAMS model. The resulting model is called the Modified DRAINMOD-CREAMS model. The modified model can be used to simulate surface runoff, sediment loss, and nitrogen loss from subsurface drained plot. Evaluating the performance of the Modified DRAINMOD-CREAMS model showed that the model significantly improves the prediction of the nitrogen loss from non-subsurface drained plot

Budaya Sekolah untuk Penguatan Karakter Disiplin Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Karakter disiplin dalam diri seseorang berpengaruh terhadap perilaku seperti tanggung jawab, kesadaran akan kewajiban, hidup yang tertib dan teratur, tidak melakukan pelanggaran peraturan. Budaya sekolah berperan penting dalam penguatan karakter disiplin siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan budaya sekolah di SD Negeri Bara-Baraya I yang ditujukan untuk menguatkan karakter disiplin siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian etnografi. Sumber data penelitian adalah kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa SD Negeri Bara-Baraya I. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Verifikasi temuan penelitian menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan budaya sekolah untuk penguatan karakter disiplin meliputi kesepakatan kelas, habituasi sikap baik, serta apresiasi dan sanksi. Budaya ini menguatkan kedisiplinan siswa yang ditandai dengan siswa mematuhi kesepakatan kelas, mengikuti upacara bendera dan sholat dhuha berjamaah, menjaga kebersihan dan kerapian kelas dan lingkungan sekolah