15 research outputs found

    LA FACULTE DE MEDECINE ET DE PHARMACIE D’OUJDA (FMPO) ENTAME SA SIXIEME ANNEE D’EXISTENCE

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    RĂŽle de l’audit externe dans l’amĂ©lioration de la performance organisationnelle du secteur public au Maroc : Approche thĂ©orique

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    This article discusses the role of external audit in improving the organisational performance of the Moroccan public sector, in a context characterised by the transition from means-based management to results-based management, as part of a new approach to public management. In Morocco, the new constitutional reform of 2011 reinforced the major role of external audit in the public sector through the promulgation of legal and regulatory texts aimed at improving the transparency and performance of the Moroccan public sector, namely the organic law relating to the finance law n° 130-13. These were drawn up to guarantee better management of public affairs and to ensure greater effectiveness and efficiency in the decisions taken by managers. This article addresses the relationship between external audit in the public sector and improved organisational performance by adopting a conceptual approach and drawing on a review of the existing literature. It is structured around the different dimensions of these concepts, focusing on agency theory, the new public management approach, and internal control mechanisms for reducing fraud and ensuring transparency in a context characterised by asymmetric information. This article also sheds light on the relationship between external audit and public finance and its contribution to the performance of public management by highlighting the role of the various competent bodies in Morocco, in particular the Inspectorate General of Finance (IGF) and the Court of Auditors. The theoretical contribution of this article provides new perspectives to ensure a better understanding of the role of external audit in improving organisational performance in the Moroccan public sector. Keywords: External audit, organizational performance, public organisms, public finances. JEL Classification: H83 Paper type: Theoretical Research Cet article traite le rĂŽle de l’audit externe dans l’amĂ©lioration de la performance organisationnelle du secteur public marocain, dans un contexte caractĂ©risĂ© par le passage d’une gestion axĂ©e sur les moyens Ă  une gestion axĂ©e sur les rĂ©sultats, et ce, dans le cadre d’une nouvelle approche de gestion publique. Au Maroc, la nouvelle rĂ©forme constitutionnelle de 2011 a renforcĂ© le rĂŽle majeur de l’audit externe dans le secteur public Ă  travers la promulgation des textes juridiques et rĂ©glementaires visant l’amĂ©lioration de la transparence et de la performance du secteur public marocain Ă  savoir la loi organique relative Ă  la loi de finances n° 130-13. Ces derniers ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©laborĂ©s, pour garantir une meilleure gestion de la chose publique et d’assurer par la suite une meilleure efficacitĂ© et efficience des dĂ©cisions prises par les gestionnaires. Le prĂ©sent article traite la relation entre l’audit externe dans le secteur public et l’amĂ©lioration de la performance organisationnelle en adoptant une approche conceptuelle et en s’appuyant sur une revue de la littĂ©rature existante. Il s’articule autour des diffĂ©rentes dimensions de ces concepts en mettant le point sur la thĂ©orie de l’agence, l’approche du nouveau management public, ainsi que les dispositifs du contrĂŽle interne pour la rĂ©duction de la fraude et l’assurance de la transparence dans un contexte caractĂ©risĂ© par une asymĂ©trie d’information. Cet article met en lumiĂšre Ă©galement la relation de l’audit externe et les finances publiques ainsi que son apport sur la performance de la gestion publique en mettant en exergue le rĂŽle des diffĂ©rents organismes compĂ©tents au Maroc, notamment l’Inspection GĂ©nĂ©rale des Finances (IGF) et la Cour des comptes. La contribution thĂ©orique de cet article permet de construire de nouvelles perspectives pour assurer une meilleure comprĂ©hension du rĂŽle de l’audit externe dans l’amĂ©lioration de la performance organisationnelle dans le secteur public marocain.             Mots clĂ©s : Audit externe, performance organisationnelle, gestion publique, finances publiques. Classification JEL : H83 Type de papier : recherche thĂ©oriqu

    EpidĂ©miologie et facteurs de risque des complications respiratoires majeures aprĂšs chirurgie de l’aorte abdominale au CHU Ibn Sina, Maroc

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    Introduction: L'incidence des complications respiratoires postopératoires (CRPO) reste trÚs diversement appréciées selon les critÚres diagnostiques retenues dans les différentes études, ce qui la fait varier de 5 à plus de 50%. Les CRPO majeurs aprÚs chirurgie de l'aorte abdominale sont responsables d'une grande morbi-mortalité pouvant aller jusqu'à 36%, d'une durée d'hospitalisation et d'un coût plus importants. Ainsi dans l'optique d'améliorer notre prise en charge périopératoire de la chirurgie de l'aorte, nous avons décidé de mener une étude pour dresser le profil épidémiologique et déterminer les facteurs de risque des complications respiratoires dans notre contexte Méthodes: Il s'agit d'une étude de cohorte rétrospective du mois de Janvier 2007 au mois de décembre 2011 portant sur l'ensemble des patients opérés pour pathologie aortique au bloc opératoire central de l'hÎpital Ibn Sina de Rabat, Maroc. Résultats: Cent vingt cinq patients ont été inclus dans notre étude, 24 patients ont été opérés pour anévrysme de l'aorte abdominale et 101 patients pour lésion occlusive aortoiliaque. Dans notre série 22 malades soit 17,6% ont présenté une complication respiratoire majeure avec, une reventilation dans 4,8% des cas, une difficulté de sevrage de la ventilation artificielle dans 3,2% des cas, une pneumopathie dans 4% des cas, un syndrome de détresse respiratoire aigue (SDRA) dans 4% des cas et une nécessité de fibroaspiration bronchique dans 1,6% des cas. En analyse univariée: l'ùge, la présence d'une BPCO avec dyspnée stade 3 ou 4, la présence d'une anomalie à l'EFR préopératoire, la présence d'un stade avancé (III ou IV) de LOAI et la reprise chirurgicale étaient statistiquement associés à la survenue d'une complication respiratoire postopératoire. En analyse multivariée, seule une anomalie à l'EFR en préopératoire constituait un facteur de risque indépendant de survenue d'une complication respiratoire postopératoire dans notre série avec un Odds Ratio (OR): 11,5 ; un Intervalle de Confiance (IC) à 95% de (1,6 - 85,2) et un p = 0,016. Conclusion: au terme de notre étude, il nous parait donc nécessaire pour diminuer l'incidence des CRPO majeurs dans notre population, d'agir sur les facteurs que nous jugeons modifiables tel l'amélioration de l'état respiratoire basal moyennant une préparation respiratoire préopératoire, s'intégrant dans un véritable programme de réhabilitation et associant une rééducation à l'effort, une kinésithérapie incitative ainsi qu'une optimisation des thérapeutiques habituelles.Pan African Medical Journal 2013; 14:1

    Incidence et impact des événements indésirables liés aux soins en réanimation

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    La pathologie iatrogĂšne est un sujet d'actualitĂ©, constituant un important marqueur de qualitĂ© des soins. L'objectif de cette Ă©tude est d'Ă©valuer l'incidence et la nature des Ă©vĂ©nements indĂ©sirables, leurs part Ă©vitable, leur gravitĂ©, et enfin de comparer nos rĂ©sultats avec les donnĂ©es de la littĂ©rature. C'est une Ă©tude transversale observationnelle, rĂ©alisĂ©e dans le service de RĂ©animation Centrale de l'HĂŽpital Avicenne de Rabat sur une durĂ©e de 6 mois. Ont Ă©tĂ© inclus les patients ayant prĂ©sentĂ© un Ă©vĂ©nement indĂ©sirable (EI) au cours de leur hospitalisation en RĂ©animation, ou ayant prĂ©sentĂ© un EI Ă  l'origine de leur sĂ©jour en rĂ©animation. Durant l'Ă©tude, 197 patients ont Ă©tĂ© admis. 73 patients ont prĂ©sentĂ© 127 EI. L'incidence globale des EI Ă©tait de 37%. Parmi les 127 EI identifiĂ©s, 81 Ă©taient considĂ©rĂ©s comme Ă©vĂ©nements indĂ©sirables graves EIG soit 63.8%, dont 62 Ă©taient considĂ©rĂ©s comme EIG Ă©vitables soit 76.5%. Cette Ă©tude a analysĂ© en premier les 112 EI survenant au cours de l'hospitalisation, 66 (58.9%) Ă©taient des EIG observĂ©s chez 48 patients, dont 50 auraient pu ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©s comme Ă©vitables (75,7%). Dans un deuxiĂšme temps, l'analyse a portĂ© sur les 15 EI Ă  l'origine de sĂ©jour en rĂ©animation, dont 12 (80%) auraient pu ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©s comme Ă©vitables. La dĂ©marche de gestion du risque liĂ© aux EI s'avĂšre indispensable dans chaque service afin d'assurer la sĂ©curitĂ© et la qualitĂ© des soins. C'est une dĂ©marche collective qui nĂ©cessite l'adhĂ©sion de toute l'Ă©quipe soignante oĂč l'anesthĂ©siste-rĂ©animateur occupe une place prĂ©pondĂ©rante dans cette perspective.Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2

    The Synergistic Effect of Chloride Ion and 1,5-Diaminonaphthalene on the Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in 0.5 M Sulfuric Acid: Experimental and Theoretical Insights

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    International audienceThe inhibition efficiency of 1,5-Diaminonaphthalene (1,5DNA) compound was studied by itself as well as in a mixture that included sodium chloride (NaCl), noted [1.5DNA][Cl−], for mild steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid. Gravimetric, electrochemical techniques and computational chemistry calculations were utilized for the assessment of corrosion inhibition efficiency and explanation of the mechanism involved during the corrosion inhibition process. The results show that inhibition efficiencies on mild steel increase with increase in concentration of the inhibitor and enhancement in inhibition efficiency was observed on addition of sodium chloride due to synergism. This inhibition has been attributed to the stabilization of adsorbed inhibitor film and, consequently, increasing its inhibitive properties. The [1.5DNA][Cl−] acts as mixed type inhibitor and the Nyquist curves show that with the increase in the concentration, the charge transfer resistance Rct increased. In addition, [1.5DNA][Cl−] obeyed Langmuir monolayer adsorption isotherm. Moreover, Molecular Dynamic Simulations and DFT calculations showed that [1.5DNA][Cl−] owned a higher adsorption ability

    Prevalence of hospital-acquired infections in the university medical center of Rabat, Morocco

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aims of this study were to determine the hospital-acquired infections (HAI) prevalence in all institutions of Rabat University Medical Center, to ascertain risk factors, to describe the pathogens associated with HAI and their susceptibility profile to antibiotics.</p> <p>Materials and methods</p> <p>Point-prevalence survey in January 2010 concerning all patients who had been in the hospital for at least 48 hours. At bedside, 27 investigators filled a standardized questionnaire from medical records, temperature charts, radiographs, laboratory reports and by consultation with the ward’s collaborating health professionals. Risk factors were determined using logistic regression.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>1195 patients involved, occupancy rate was 51%. The prevalence of HAI was 10.3%. Intensive care units were the most affected wards (34.5%). Urinary tract infection was the most common infected site (35%). Microbiological documentation was available in 61% of HAI. <it>Staphylococcus</it> was the organism most commonly isolated (18.7%) and was methicillin-resistant in 50% of cases. In multivariate analysis, risk factors associated with HAI were advanced age, longer length of hospital stay, presence of comorbidity, invasive devices and use of antibiotic use.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>HAI prevalence was high in this study. Future prevention program should focus on patients with longer length of stay, invasive devices, and overprescribing antibiotics.</p

    Synthesis, Characterizations, and Quantum Chemical Investigations on Imidazo[1,2‑<i>a</i>]pyrimidine-Schiff Base Derivative: (<i>E</i>)‑2-Phenyl‑<i>N</i>‑(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)imidazo[1,2‑<i>a</i>]pyrimidin-3-amine

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    In this study, (E)-2-phenyl-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)­imidazo­[1,2-a]­pyrimidin-3-amine (3) is synthesized, and detailed spectral characterizations using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were performed. The optimized geometry was computed using the density functional theory method at the B3LYP/6-311++G­(d,p) basis set. The theoretical FT-IR and NMR (1H and 13C) analysis are agreed to validate the structural assignment made for (3). Frontier molecular orbitals, molecular electrostatic potential, Mulliken atomic charge, electron localization function, localized orbital locator, natural bond orbital, nonlinear optical, Fukui functions, and quantum theory of atoms in molecules analyses are undertaken and meticulously interpreted, providing profound insights into the molecular nature and behaviors. In addition, ADMET and drug-likeness studies were carried out and investigated. Furthermore, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations have been studied, indicating that this is an ideal molecule to develop as a potential vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitor

    Clinical features of the initial cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in an university hospital of Morocco

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The first case of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in our center was documented on June 15. Subsequently, persons with suspected cases of infection and contacts of those with suspected infection were tested. Persons in whom infection was confirmed were hospitalized and quarantined, and some of them were closely observed for the purpose of investigating the nature and duration of the disease. The aim of the present study was to describe baseline characteristics, treatment, outcomes, hospital length of stay and mortality of the first 186 cases of influenza A (H1N1) virus infection, with special interest in those developing severe respiratory failure with intensive care unit (ICU) care requirement.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>observational study of 186 consecutive cases of influenza A (H1N1) virus infection admitted in 3 departments that were reference centers for the care of patients with influenza A and 4 ICU in Ibn Sina university hospital (Rabat, Morocco) between June and December 2009. Real time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) testing was used to confirm infection. Demographic data, symptoms, comorbid conditions, illness progression, laboratory and chest radiologic findings, treatments, clinical outcomes and ICU care requirement were closely monitored.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean age of the 186 patients was 17.6 ± 14.8 years, 47.8% had less than 14 years and 57% were male. The median duration of symptoms before hospital admission was 3 days (interquartile range (IQR): 2-5). The most common symptoms were fever (in 91.5% of the patients), cough in 92.5%, and nasal congestion in 62.4%. Twenty four percent of patients had comorbid respiratory disorders and 7.5% were pregnant. Abnormalities in chest radiography were detected in 26.3% of 186 patients on admission or after hospitalization. Twenty patients have required ICU care and 10 have required mechanical ventilation. The hospital length of stay was 5 days (IQR: 4-5). The following were risk factors of ICU admission: older age (p = 0.03), long duration of symptoms (p = 0.07), asthma (p = 0.01), obesity (P < 0.001), abnormalities of chest radiography (P < 0.001), leukocytosis (p = 0.005), and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) (P < 0.001). The ICU length of stay was 4 days (IQR: 3-6.7). The mortality rate was 3.5% among all patients and 30% among ICU patients.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Close observation of patients infected with the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection provided us with several information. The influenza A (H1N1) virus infection affected young people particularly, with comorbid respiratory disorders. Risk factors of ICU admission were older age, long duration of symptoms, asthma, obesity, abnormalities of chest radiography, leukocytosis and higher CRP. Clinicians should be aware of complications of influenza A (H1N1) virus infection, particulary in patients with risk factors.</p
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