528 research outputs found

    Le Projet Linguistique d’établissement et le curriculum intĂ©grĂ© : deux outils pĂ©dagogiques indispensables Ă  lÂŽenseignement bilingue.

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    En la presente colaboraciĂłn tratamos de resaltar la importancia que adquiere el desarrollo de la competencia lingĂŒĂ­stica de nuestros alumnos de la ESO, a travĂ©s de dos instrumentos pedagĂłgicos y didĂĄcticos complementarios: el Proyecto LingĂŒĂ­stico de Centro y el “currĂ­culo integrado”. En este artĂ­culo ofrecemos al lector un conjunto de argumentaciones lingĂŒĂ­sticas y metodolĂłgicas, las cuales le ayudarĂĄn, sin duda a comprender que el “currĂ­culo integrado” adquiere su pleno sentido al ser considerado como parte del eje vertebrador en el que se integran todos los aprendizajes efectuados a travĂ©s de la L2. Nuestras afirmaciones son completadas con una ejemplificaciĂłn de secuenciaciĂłn de contenidos para un ĂĄrea no lingĂŒĂ­stica del currĂ­culo escolar.Through this collaboration, we try to emphasize the importance of development of our students of ESO language skills through two complementary tools pedagogical and didactical namely: language project of the centre and the integrated curriculum. In this paper, we propose to drive a set of linguistic and methodological arguments which will no doubt help understand the integrated curriculum makes sense and must be considered as the backbone of all courses and apprenticeships in L2. We have add-ins to amplify the sequences for students enrolled in non-linguistic area.GrĂące ĂĄ cette collaboration, nous essayons de souligner lÂŽimportance du dĂ©veloppement des compĂ©tences linguistiques de nos Ă©tudiants de ESO, et ce Ă  travers deux outils complĂ©mentaires Ă  la fois pĂ©dagogiques et didactiques Ă  savoir : le projet linguistique d’établissement et le curriculum intĂ©grĂ©. Dans cet article, nous proposons au lecteur un ensemble dÂŽargumentations linguistiques et mĂ©thodologiques qui aideront sans doute Ă  comprendre que le cursus intĂ©grĂ© prend tout son sens et doit ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ© comme lÂŽĂ©pine dorsale de tous les cours et apprentissages dispensĂ©s en L2. Nos propositions sont complĂ©tĂ©es par des exemples de sĂ©quences de contenus destinĂ©es aux Ă©lĂšves inscrits dans les DNLs

    Judicial Councils Everywhere? Judicial Administration in Europe, with a Focus on the Nordic Countries

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    Judicial Councils have been advocated by European institutions in order to safeguard judicial independence in Europe. Based on the fact that more than 80% of member states in the Council of Europe, including the Nordic countries, report having Judicial Councils in a 2021 CCJE survey, this article explores the origins and development in competences and composition of such bodies. The administration of the highly trusted judiciaries in the Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Iceland) is particularly scrutinized. A striking characteristic of the bodies responsible for the governance of the judiciaries in the Nordic countries is the lack of competences within a personnel dimension (appointments, promotions and evaluation of judges etc.). These competences are at the core of the mandate of many Judicial Councils elsewhere in Europe. The recommendation that a majority of members should be judges elected by their peers has, on the other hand, gained ground in recent reforms, and prompted proposals for reform of the Nordic judiciaries. However, the comparisons carried out in this article do not answer how a Judicial Council should be ideally set up, and which competences such a body needs to safeguard judicial independence. Nevertheless, the findings of this article tentatively suggest that there is not only one approach for judicial administration. Much more comparative research should be conducted to investigate such different models to safeguard judicial independence.publishedVersio

    Mette Volquartzen: Politi og privat vagtvirksomhed

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    Spirometry in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Norwegian general practice

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    Background General practitioners (GPs) in Norway increasingly use spirometry diagnostically as well as in follow up of patients with respiratory complaints, but little is known about their skills and knowledge in this area. The aim of the present study was to investigate how GPs interpret a case history and spirometry recordings of a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and their knowledge about their own spirometer. Methods A web-based survey, consisting of a case history and spirometry recordings of a patient with COPD, was distributed to the 4700 members of the Norwegian GP Association. In addition to background information about themselves and their spirometer, topics included whether they requested, and how they interpreted, a spirometry reversibility-test, identification of the of most likely diagnosis, and recognition of the spirometry parameters used to diagnose COPD and grade airway obstruction. Immediate feedback was provided for educational purposes. Results Six hundred thirty GPs responded. Twenty six percent would not request a reversibility test, but 81% identified COPD as the most likely diagnosis. Less than 50% correctly identified the spirometry parameters used for diagnosis of COPD and grading the airway obstruction. One in five (21%) did not know which spirometer was used in their own practice, and 49 and 61% did not know which reference values were used for adults and children, respectively. Participants evaluated the survey as useful (average 74 points on a 0–100 scale) and would like more case-based surveys concerning use of spirometry in the future (average 91 points). Conclusion In this cohort of self-selected GPs, probably more interested in respiratory medicine than the average GP, we identified several problem areas and gaps in knowledge regarding the use of spirometry.publishedVersio

    Myasthenia Gravis

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    Persistent microembolic signals in the cerebral circulation on transcranial Doppler after intravenous sulfur hexafluoride microbubble infusion

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    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Microembolic signals (MES) are detectable by transcranial Doppler monitoring and associated with increased risk of first or recurrent ischemic stroke. MES detection can also illuminate stroke etiology and the effect of prophylactic treatment. MES detection cannot accurately distinguish between stroke‐related microemboli and ultrasound contrast agents. These agents contain microbubbles and are frequently used in neuro‐ and cardiovascular diagnostics. We aimed to assess how long after contrast infusion microbubbles are detectable by transcranial Doppler monitoring. METHODS: Ten healthy volunteers received an intravenous infusion of stabilized sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles (SonoVue¼) for 30 minutes. The infusion was followed by continuous unilateral Doppler monitoring (TCD‐X, Atys Medical, Soucieu‐en‐Jarrest, France) for 3.5 hours. RESULTS: MES persisted for 12 to 77 minutes (median 40.5 minutes), and the frequency tended to decrease gradually until cessation. CONCLUSIONS: None of the subjects had detectable MES for more than 77 minutes after ultrasound contrast infusion. MES detection with the intent to detect stroke‐related microemboli should wait for at least this long after completed infusion.publishedVersio

    A novel concentrated, interdisciplinary group rehabilitation program for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Protocol for a nonrandomized clinical intervention study

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    Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation has been demonstrated to be a highly effective treatment for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, its availability is scarce worldwide, and new and innovative rehabilitation models are highly warranted. Recently, the group behind the present study published a protocol describing a novel concentrated, interdisciplinary group rehabilitation program for patients with chronic illnesses. The current paper describes an extension of this protocol to patients with COPD. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the acceptability of concentrated, interdisciplinary group pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD. The intervention is expected to improve functional status and be highly acceptable to patients. Methods: This study will include 50 patients aged over 40 years who fulfill the diagnostic criteria for COPD: a forced expiratory volume at the first second (FEV1) <80% of expected and a FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio below the lower limit of normal according to the Global Lung Function Initiative. An interdisciplinary team consisting of physicians, physiotherapists, psychologists, pharmacists, clinical nutritionists, and nurses will deliver the treatment to groups of 6 to 10 patients over 3 to 4 consecutive days with a 12-month follow-up. The intervention is divided into three distinct phases: (1) pretreatment preparation for change, (2) concentrated rehabilitation, where the patient is coached to focus on making health-promoting microchoices, and (3) integration of the changes into everyday living, aided by digital follow-up and 2 on-site clinical examinations. Statistical significance will be set at α=.05. Results: The recruitment period will last from April 2022 until June 2023. Conclusions: If successful, this highly novel rehabilitation format might change the way we deliver care for patients with COPD, leading to substantial societal and socioeconomic gains. The study will expand knowledge on the concentrated treatment format as a rehabilitation model for people with COPD.publishedVersio

    An autopsy study of a familial oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) with distal spread and neurogenic involvement

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    An 81-year-old man from a family with a history of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) involving 6 members over 4 generations is described. The patient first noted drooping of his eyelids at the age of 65. Dysphagia and dysarthria occurred soon thereafter. At age 78, impairment of gait developed and progressive wasting occurred in the limbs with an initial distal distribution. Electromyography of several limb muscles displayed a mixed myopathic and neurogenic pattern with giant potentials. Examination at autopsy revealed slight loss of neurons in the anterior horns of the spinal cord, with scanty ghost cells, neuronophagia, and central chromatolysis. By light microscopy the limb muscles showed moderate small-group atrophy with severe myopathy and target fibers. The viscerocranial muscles, including the ocular, vocal, and tongue muscles, demonstrated only myopathic change with the typical features of progressive muscular dystrophy. Advanced replacement by fibrous connective tissue and fat had occurred in both the viscerocranial and the lower limb muscles. The significance of neurogenic involvement in OPMD is discussed
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