61 research outputs found
On the way to creativity : engineers and intrapreneurs in organizations
Organizations often hide creativity and talent. This paper describes how to make engineers active in the field of intrapreneurship within large firms where they often are employed in R&D. This development is seen, in Europe at least, most desirable by the companies today. Technology has an extensive impact on the society and economy nowadays and it is important to study how technological innovations appear and who are behind them. Entrepreneurship and organizational intrapreneurship are, in many cases, the basis of technological innovations and firm renewal. Engineers are the professional workforces that have a special role in companies that produce and develop innovations and promote an intrapreneurial spirit. Since the world of high tech companies needs the cooperation of many experts, engineers must be able to work well together with other fields of expertise such as marketing, research and development. Innovations today often ask not only for unique technical knowledge but also social knowledge to make these innovations meaningful. Social innovation parallels technical innovation as well. In this paper we explore the origins of the intrapreneuring capacity of any firm, concentrating on three issues: what is an intrapreneur and engineer-intrapreneur in particular (literature survey), and how organizational arrangements and leadership can support its upcoming. Key words: Intrapreneurship, innovations, cultur
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Review of properties of magnetic shape memory (MSM) alloys and MSM actuator designs
Magnetic shape memory alloys are a new group of "smart" materials that exhibit large strain of 6-12% when subjected to magnetic fields. This indicates their enormous potential to be used in different electromagnetic (EM) devices such as actuators, sensors, energy harvesters and dampers. Shape change in MSM materials is controlled by magnetic field and doesn't involve phase transformation, allowing it to overcome a number of disadvantages of conventional shape memory alloys (SMAs). MSM devices are capable of producing large force and stroke output in considerably small dimensions. At the same time they can have fast response and potentially very long lifetime. This paper discusses different modern designs and approaches to MSM actuator design with their advantages and disadvantages. An overview on characteristics of MSM alloys is also presented in order to highlight how different properties of the material influence the total output of a device
Modulated Martensite: Why it forms and why it deforms easily
Diffusionless phase transitions are at the core of the multifunctionality of
(magnetic) shape memory alloys, ferroelectrics and multiferroics. Giant strain
effects under external fields are obtained in low symmetric modulated
martensitic phases. We outline the origin of modulated phases, their connection
with tetragonal martensite and consequences for their functional properties by
analysing the martensitic microstructure of epitaxial Ni-Mn-Ga films from the
atomic to macroscale. Geometrical constraints at an austenite-martensite phase
boundary act down to the atomic scale. Hence a martensitic microstructure of
nanotwinned tetragonal martensite can form. Coarsening of twin variants can
reduce twin boundary energy, a process we could follow from the atomic to the
millimetre scale. Coarsening is a fractal process, proceeding in discrete steps
by doubling twin periodicity. The collective defect energy results in a
substantial hysteresis, which allows retaining modulated martensite as a
metastable phase at room temperature. In this metastable state elastic energy
is released by the formation of a 'twins within twins' microstructure which can
be observed from the nanometre to millimetre scale. This hierarchical twinning
results in mesoscopic twin boundaries which are diffuse, in contrast to the
common atomically sharp twin boundaries of tetragonal martensite. We suggest
that observed extraordinarily high mobility of such mesoscopic twin boundaries
originates from their diffuse nature which renders pinning by atomistic point
defects ineffective.Comment: 34 pages, 8 figure
A Macro-National Level Analysis of Arab Women's Work Engagement
This paper reviews the macro-national level factors that influence women's work engagement in Arab countries. First, it offers an overview of the notions of work engagement and gendered work engagement. Next, the macro-national context is investigated where economic, socio-cultural, and legal factors are analyzed that may explain differences in workplace engagement between men and women. Lastly, the discussion, implications for future research and practice, and conclusion are offered
Gender and Management: new directions in research and continuing patterns in practice
This is the author’s version of the following article. The definitive version is available at www.interscience.wiley.com:Adelina Broadbridge and Jeff Hearn, Gender and management: New directions in research and continuing patterns in practice, 2008, British Journal of Management, (19), s1, 38-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2008.00570.xCopyright: British Academy of Management, Blackwell Publishing Ltdhttp://www.blackwellpublishing.com
On the way to creativity : engineers as intrapreneurs in organisations
Organizations often hide creativity and talent. This paper describes how to make engineers active in the field of intrapreneurship within large firms where they often are employed in R&D. This development is seen, in Europe at least, most desirable by the companies today. Technology has an extensive impact on the society and economy nowadays, and it is important to study how technological innovations appear and who is behind them. Entrepreneurship and organizational intrapreneurship are, in many cases, the basis of technological innovations and firm renewal. Engineers are the company’s special professional workforce that has the role to produce and develop innovations. Since the world of high-tech companies needs the cooperation of many experts, engineers must be able to cooperate well with other fields of expertise such as marketing, research and development as well as external suppliers and service providers. Also, innovations today often ask not only for unique technical knowledge but also social knowledge to make these innovations meaningful. In this sense, social innovation parallels technical innovation. Thus, in this paper we explore the origins of the intrapreneurship capacity in engineering settings of hightech firms, thereby concentrating on three issues: Who is the intrapreneur and the engineer-intrapreneur in particular? What kind of managerial and organizational support is required to facilitate the intrapreneur’s upcoming? What are the educational and work related consequences for practical intrapreneurship tool development
On the way to creativity : engineers as intrapreneurs in organisations
Organizations often hide creativity and talent. This paper describes how to make engineers active in the field of intrapreneurship within large firms where they often are employed in R&D. This development is seen, in Europe at least, most desirable by the companies today. Technology has an extensive impact on the society and economy nowadays, and it is important to study how technological innovations appear and who is behind them. Entrepreneurship and organizational intrapreneurship are, in many cases, the basis of technological innovations and firm renewal. Engineers are the company’s special professional workforce that has the role to produce and develop innovations. Since the world of high-tech companies needs the cooperation of many experts, engineers must be able to cooperate well with other fields of expertise such as marketing, research and development as well as external suppliers and service providers. Also, innovations today often ask not only for unique technical knowledge but also social knowledge to make these innovations meaningful. In this sense, social innovation parallels technical innovation. Thus, in this paper we explore the origins of the intrapreneurship capacity in engineering settings of hightech firms, thereby concentrating on three issues: Who is the intrapreneur and the engineer-intrapreneur in particular? What kind of managerial and organizational support is required to facilitate the intrapreneur’s upcoming? What are the educational and work related consequences for practical intrapreneurship tool development
On the way to creativity : engineers as intrapreneurs in organisations
Organizations often hide creativity and talent. This paper describes how to make engineers active in the field of intrapreneurship within large firms where they often are employed in R&D. This development is seen, in Europe at least, most desirable by the companies today. Technology has an extensive impact on the society and economy nowadays, and it is important to study how technological innovations appear and who is behind them. Entrepreneurship and organizational intrapreneurship are, in many cases, the basis of technological innovations and firm renewal. Engineers are the company’s special professional workforce that has the role to produce and develop innovations. Since the world of high-tech companies needs the cooperation of many experts, engineers must be able to cooperate well with other fields of expertise such as marketing, research and development as well as external suppliers and service providers. Also, innovations today often ask not only for unique technical knowledge but also social knowledge to make these innovations meaningful. In this sense, social innovation parallels technical innovation. Thus, in this paper we explore the origins of the intrapreneurship capacity in engineering settings of hightech firms, thereby concentrating on three issues: Who is the intrapreneur and the engineer-intrapreneur in particular? What kind of managerial and organizational support is required to facilitate the intrapreneur’s upcoming? What are the educational and work related consequences for practical intrapreneurship tool development
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