Reionisation time fields reconstruction from 21 cm signal maps

During the Epoch of reionisation, the intergalactic medium is reionised by the UV radiation from the first generation of stars and galaxies. One tracer of the process is the 21 cm line of hydrogen that will be observed by the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) at low frequencies, thus imaging the distribution of ionised and neutral regions and their evolution. To prepare for these upcoming observations, we investigate a deep learning method to predict from 21 cm maps the reionisation time field (treion(r)), i.e. the time at which each location has been reionised. treion(r) encodes the propagation of ionisation fronts in a single field, gives access to times of local reionisation or to the extent of the radiative reach of early sources. Moreover it gives access to the time evolution of ionisation on the plane of sky, when such evolution is usually probed along the line-of-sight direction. We trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) using simulated 21 cm maps and reionisation times fields produced by the simulation code 21cmFAST . We also investigate the performance of the CNN when adding instrumental effects. Globally, we find that without instrumental effects the 21 cm maps can be used to reconstruct the associated reionisation times field in a satisfying manner: the quality of the reconstruction is dependent on the redshift at which the 21 cm observation is being made and in general it is found that small scale (<10cMpc/h) features are smoothed in the reconstructed field, while larger scale features are well recovered. When instrumental effects are included, the scale dependance of reconstruction is even further pronounced, with significant smoothing on small and intermediate scales

Mussel as a Tool to Define Continental Watershed Quality

Bivalves appear as relevant sentinel species in aquatic ecotoxicology and water quality assessment. This is particularly true in marine ecosystems. In fact, several biomonitoring frameworks in the world used mollusks since several decades on the base of contaminant accumulation (Mussel Watch, ROCCH) and/or biological responses called biomarker (OSPAR) measurements. In freshwater systems, zebra and quagga mussels could represent alternative sentinels, which could be seen as the counterparts of mussel marine species. This chapter presents original studies and projects underlying the interest of these freshwater mussels for water quality monitoring based on contaminant accumulation and biomarker development measurements. These sentinel species could be used as a tool for chemical/biological monitoring of biota under the European water framework directive and for the development of effect-based monitoring tools

Burkholderia cenocepacia BC2L-C Is a Super Lectin with Dual Specificity and Proinflammatory Activity

Lectins and adhesins are involved in bacterial adhesion to host tissues and mucus during early steps of infection. We report the characterization of BC2L-C, a soluble lectin from the opportunistic pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia, which has two distinct domains with unique specificities and biological activities. The N-terminal domain is a novel TNF-α-like fucose-binding lectin, while the C-terminal part is similar to a superfamily of calcium-dependent bacterial lectins. The C-terminal domain displays specificity for mannose and l-glycero-d-manno-heptose. BC2L-C is therefore a superlectin that binds independently to mannose/heptose glycoconjugates and fucosylated human histo-blood group epitopes. The apo form of the C-terminal domain crystallized as a dimer, and calcium and mannose could be docked in the binding site. The whole lectin is hexameric and the overall structure, determined by electron microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering, reveals a flexible arrangement of three mannose/heptose-specific dimers flanked by two fucose-specific TNF-α-like trimers. We propose that BC2L-C binds to the bacterial surface in a mannose/heptose-dependent manner via the C-terminal domain. The TNF-α-like domain triggers IL-8 production in cultured airway epithelial cells in a carbohydrate-independent manner, and is therefore proposed to play a role in the dysregulated proinflammatory response observed in B. cenocepacia lung infections. The unique architecture of this newly recognized superlectin correlates with multiple functions including bacterial cell cross-linking, adhesion to human epithelia, and stimulation of inflammation

Développement et validation d'un modèle d'interprétation en IRM pelvienne pour caractériser une masse annexielle complexe

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

The way you make me feel” Exploring the relationship between LMX and Job Insecurity

Previous research has identified different antecedents that lead to job insecurity, such as organizational climate, type of employment, locus of control (Keim et al., 2014), self-esteem and role ambiguity (Shoss, 2017). Although research on high-quality leader–member exchange (LMX) has demonstrated many beneficial effects, to our knowledge no research has to this date examined the extent to which high-quality LMX might attenuate the perceptions of felt job insecurity. Therefore, the current study investigates LMX as an antecedent to job insecurity. Furthermore, we examine the buffering impact of psychological contract breach (PCB), interactional justice (IJ), and self-efficacy (SE) on the relationship between LMX and job insecurity (JI). The hypotheses were tested using survey data collected from 252 employees working in a Norwegian retail company. As predicted, job insecurity was related to LMX relationships. Hence, the quality of the dyadic relationship between leader and employee has a significant impact on the extent to perceived job insecurity. In addition, psychological contract acted as a mediating variable in the relationship between LMX and job insecurity. Interactional justice and selfefficacy however, had no mediating effect on the relationship. Practical implications for leadership behavior and developing high-quality LMX are discussed in light of today's pervasive job insecurity

Etude du lien entre insomnie et ruminations dans les conduites suicidaires

Les connaissances actuelles suggèrent que les conduites suicidaires sont des entités pathologiques à part entière pouvant être abordées suivant un modèle stress-vulnérabilité Les ruminations et l'insomnie sont deux facteurs de risque de tentatives de suicide (TS) et de suicide. Tout comme la physiopathologie de l'insomnie, celle des conduites suicidaires n'est pas encore totalement connue. Dans un premier temps, nous avons évalué rétrospectivement l'intensité de l'insomnie et des ruminations état avant un geste suicidaire chez 122 patients déprimés à un mois, une semaine et 48h avant l'admission dans le Département d'Urgences et Post Urgences Psychiatriques du CHU de Montpellier. les patients suicidants (admis pour une TS) présentaient une intensité d'insomnie plus importante que les patients non suicidants (admis pour dépression sans TS actuelle) à un mois et 1 semaine mais pas 48h de l'admission. Nous n'avons pas retrouvé de différence significative pour l'intensité des ruminations entre les 2 groupes aux 3 temps d'évaluation. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons comparé les ruminations trait entre les 2 groupes avec le Ruminative-Reflection Questionnaire , récemment traduit en français et jamais utilisé pour l'évaluation du risque suicidaire. Contrairement aux données de la littérature, nous avons retrouvé un sous score rumination plus important dans le groupe non suicidant que dans le groupe suicidant , mais aucune différence pour le sous score réflexion . Ce travail permet de discuter de la place de l'hyperéveil dans la physiopathologie des conduites suicidaires (CS), dénominateur commun entre l'insomnie et les ruminations. Des études complémentaires sont nécessaires pour comprendre l'implication des mécanismes d'hyperéveil en cause dans les CSMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF