Cacao Quality: Highlighting Selected Attributes

World demand for cacao and the requirements for quality beans have increased every year. Research studies have developed standards for aspects of cacao quality that meet industrial criteria as well as international import and export legislation that is aimed at food security. This review focused on selected attributes of cacao bean quality. These attributes include the amount of acids, simple carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, lipids, phenolic substances, and methylxanthines. Other attributes are bean moisture content, quantity of mineral nutrients, and presence of potentially toxic elements. Microbiological and organoleptic attributes are also of interest. Future research on cacao quality should focus on bean sampling, geographical location of plantations, genetic diversity of the cacao material, and standardized analytical methods for determination of organic and mineral substances. © 2017 Taylor & Francis.33438240

CMS physics technical design report: Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies ,will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction - Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) - in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low-x). This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include "bulk" observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low pT inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high pT hadrons which yield "tomographic" information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction.0info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe