L’IMPACT DES CHANTIERS À HAUTE INTENSITÉ DE LA MAIN-D’OEUVRE SUR L’EMPOWERMENT DES FEMMES RURALES AU CAP VERT

Les Chantiers à haute intensité de la main d’oeuvre (Faimo) donnent la possibilité aux femmes des Villages d’Achada Costa et Levada l’opportunité de se rencontrer en dehors des espaces traditionnels (funérailles, messe, baptême etc.). Ces rencontres facilitent l’établissement des liens sociaux et d’amitié qui aboutissent à une certaine complicité et à la réalisation de projets communs. Le revenu et l’apprentissage d’un métier que les Faimo procurent aux femmes ouvrent à celles-ci la voie menant à un « empowerment » économique (synonyme d’autonomie financière et économique) et social en leur permettant un certain contrôle de ses ressources et l’accès à une forme de savoir professionnel. Nous sommes ainsi devant un cas de ‘ pouvoir de’ qui renvoie aux capacités intellectuelles (la connaissance objective, le savoir) et émotionnelles (savoir-être), mais aussi économiques (avoir) : avoir l'accès et le contrôle des moyens de production et des bénéfices » (Charlier : 2011). De telles acquisitions sont sources d’une plus grande estime de soi et confiance en soi qui mènent à l’action et donc d’un ‘pouvoir intérieur’ qui « renvoie à la [capacité individuelle d’analyser et d’influencer] sa vie et de proposer des changements » (Charlier : 2011). L’association du développement communautaire est l’espace où les femmes affirment leur pouvoir social et politique en s’appuyant sur une solidarité et complicité intelligentes. Grâce à la solidarité entre elles, les femmes contrôlent l’association locale et parviennent à « négocier » et à faire valoir leur vision des priorités pour leur village et ainsi influencer le processus de son développement. Nous sommes, dans ce contexte, face à un cas de ‘pouvoir avec’, (pouvoir social et politique, [qui] met en évidence la notion de solidarité, la capacité de s’organiser pour négocier et pour défendre un objectif commun) (Charlier 2011) même si la solidarité entre les femmes suscite une certaine méfiance et résistance des hommes

Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with diabetes

Pregnancy affects both the maternal and fetal metabolism and even in nondiabetic women exerts a diabetogenic effect. Among pregnant women, 2 to 17.8% develop gestational diabetes. Pregnancy can also occur in women with preexisting diabetes, that can predispose the fetus to many alterations in organogenesis, growth restriction and the mother to some diabetes-related complications like retinopathy and nephropathy or accelerate the course of these complications if they are already present. Women with gestational diabetes generally start their treatment with diet and lifestyle modification; when these changes fail in keeping an optimal glycemic control, then insulin therapy must be considered. Women with type 2 diabetes in use of oral hypoglycemic agents are advised to change to insulin therapy. Those with preexisting type 1 diabetes must start an intensive glycemic control, preferably before conception. All these procedures are performed aiming to keep glycemic levels normal or near-normal as possible to avoid the occurrence of adverse perinatal outcomes to the mother and to the fetus. the aim of this review is to reinforce the need to improve the knowledge on reproductive health of women with diabetes during gestation and to understand what are the reasons for them failing to attend for prepregnancy care programs, and to understand the underlying mechanisms of adverse fetal and maternal outcomes, which in turn may lead to strategies for its prevention.Baurus Diabet Assoc, Dept Internal Med, BR-17012433 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, São Paulo, BrazilState Univ Hosp Rio de Janeiro, Diabet Unit, Dept Internal Med, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

A developmental model for the pathogenenesis of cardiac arterio-ventricular fistulae

Coronary Artery Fistulae (CAF) are congenital coronary artery (CA) anomalies consisting of an abnormal communication of a coronary artery with either a cardiac chamber or a large cardiac vessel. Although their incidence in the Western population is low, CAF can lead to complications such as myocardial hypertrophy, endocarditis, heart dilatation and cardiac failure. CAFs can appear as an isolated anomaly or linked to some other forms of congenital heart disease like Left Ventricular Non-Compaction (LVNC) and intrinsic CA anatomy anomalies, but their etiology remains unknown. In this work we have used two different experimental models (transgenic mice and avian embryos) to investigate on the developmental mechanics of CAF formation. In order to tackle this goal, we have manipulated epicardial development and ventricular wall compaction, two inextricably related developmental events during coronary embryogenesis. Conditional integrin α4 gene deletion in the septum transversum/proepicardial (ST/PE) region (G2-Gata4+) disrupts early epicardium development and reduces cardiomyocyte proliferation, leading to the thinning of the ventricular compact myocardial layer. Reduction in compact myocardium thickness associates to the presence of multiple ventricular myocardial discontinuities and focal endocardial extrusion. This same phenotype can be experimentally reproduced in chick embryos using a cryocauterization method (Palmquist-Gomes et al., 2016). Our results suggest that the partial absence of epicardium in α4integrin;G2-Gata4Cre mouse embryos and the cryoinjury in avian embryos generate myocardial discontinuities in the embryonic ventricular wall, which promote endocardial extrusion towards the pericardial cavity and the early contact of the endocardium with coronary progenitors at the epicardial surface of the heart. In the case of avian embryos, this phenomenon leads to precocious smooth muscle differentiation from epicardial mesenchymal cells, and the formation of pouch-like structures that closely resemble CAF. We conclude that anomalous compact myocardial embryonic growth can originate CAF.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Evaluation of strength training effects on neuromuscular system in soccer players in pre-competitive period

The evaluation of training programs in soccer modality in various moments of periodization is important in the sports preparation control process. So in this way, this study aimed to investigate neuromuscular adaptations during strength training in professional soccer game in pre-competitive period. 15 professional soccer players, aged between 18 and 28 years participated of this study. Initially they were submitted to explosive strength test (Squat Jump), speed resistance (RAST) and displacement velocity (10 and 30m). Two evaluations were performed: one in the beginning of the study (M1), and the other (M2) after 12 weeks. In the first 6 weeks speed strength training, in the first 2 with 60% of Maximum Load (ML) and the other 4 weeks with 75% of ML was conducted. In the 6ª to 12ª weeks, the development turned to maximum strength (85% of ML). After collecting the data were kept in computational bank and then produced information in the descriptive way, by means of centrality and dispersion, and in the inferential, Student t test for paired data (p\u3c0.005). The main results point to improvement in all capacities with emphasis on explosive strength 41.49±0.04cm in M1 to 44.05±3.19 cm in M2, as well as the velocity of 10 meters, 5.22±0.33 m/s in M1 to 5.54±0.33 m/s in M2. There were positive neuromuscular adaptations after the proposed training, indicating that during the studied period, strength work improved athletic performance capacities

A developmental model for the pathogenenesis of cardiac arterio-ventricular fistulae

Coronary Artery Fistulae (CAF) are congenital coronary artery (CA) anomalies consisting of an abnormal communication of a coronary artery with either a cardiac chamber or a large cardiac vessel. Although their incidence in the Western population is low, CAF can lead to complications such as myocardial hypertrophy, endocarditis, heart dilatation and cardiac failure. CAFs can appear as an isolated anomaly or linked to some other forms of congenital heart disease like Left Ventricular Non-Compaction (LVNC) and intrinsic CA anatomy anomalies, but their etiology remains unknown. In this work we have used two different experimental models (transgenic mice and avian embryos) to investigate on the developmental mechanics of CAF formation. In order to tackle this goal, we have manipulated epicardial development and ventricular wall compaction, two inextricably related developmental events during coronary embryogenesis. Conditional integrin α4 gene deletion in the septum transversum/proepicardial (ST/PE) region (G2-Gata4+) disrupts early epicardium development and reduces cardiomyocyte proliferation, leading to the thinning of the ventricular compact myocardial layer. Reduction in compact myocardium thickness associates to the presence of multiple ventricular myocardial discontinuities and focal endocardial extrusion. This same phenotype can be experimentally reproduced in chick embryos using a cryocauterization method (Palmquist-Gomes et al., 2016). Our results suggest that the partial absence of epicardium in α4integrin;G2-Gata4Cre mouse embryos and the cryoinjury in avian embryos generate myocardial discontinuities in the embryonic ventricular wall, which promote endocardial extrusion towards the pericardial cavity and the early contact of the endocardium with coronary progenitors at the epicardial surface of the heart. In the case of avian embryos, this phenomenon leads to precocious smooth muscle differentiation from epicardial mesenchymal cells, and the formation of pouch-like structures that closely resemble CAF. We conclude that anomalous compact myocardial embryonic growth can originate CAF.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Cordel e sua inserção como fonte crítica na educação básica

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Artes, Departamento de Artes Cênicas, 2018.Esta pesquisa relata brevemente a história do cordel e sua importância na sociedade. Além disso, traz como análise o Plano Curricular Nacional, no tocante a pluralidade cultural. Visa ressaltar a importância da implementação dessas diretrizes nas instituições escolares, no intuito de combater as discriminações enraizadas nas escolas. Por fim, relata-se uma experiência, na qual tive com o teatro de folheto “A Ressurreição de Cristo” de Euriano Sales, procurando observar os desafios encontrados em uma montagem de teatro de cordel. O objetivo deste trabalho é refletir e ressaltar a importância de inserir o ensino de teatro/literatura de cordel na formação básica do cidadão, com a finalidade de desenvolver uma maior capacidade no exercício crítico, no tocante as questões sociopolíticas. Como por exemplo, questionar os problemas de saúde, segurança que a sociedade apresenta. Com esse estudo, conclui-se que a literatura de cordel, como fonte transformadora, precisa ser introduzida nas escolas e na vida de toda sociedade

Bilingualism in Physics teaching for a Deaf preservice teacher

CONTEXT AND RESEARCH OBJECT We present the results of inclusive actions carried in order to support the learning of a Deaf student undertaking an undergraduate course training science teachers for rural education. We outline the development of the supervised internship for this student. These actions were carried out by two internship advisors with some fluency in one of the Brazilian Sign Languages (Libras). This Deaf preservice teacher went through the language acquisition process late and showed significant difficulties with Libras, with Portuguese and, consequently, with the scientific language. In addition, she did not learn the physics content that should have been taught in the internship, Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), either in high school or during college. Thus, several coordinated actions were necessary for her to learn the content to be able to teach it. This led us to question how we design teaching physics content and assessment to meet Deaf students' needs in the university. THEORETICAL-METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY Based on Cultural Historical Activity Theory (Leontiev, 1988; Engeström, 2002), the research was limited to a study of the process of learning SHM by a Deaf preservice teacher. Monitoring was carried out in Libras, without interpretation into Portuguese, from the perspective of Deaf Education by Bilinguilism, that is considering the sign language as the student’s first language (L1) and the written modality of oral language, their second (L2) (Brasil, 2005). The research data were collected through two video recordings: (i) SHM teaching interventions for her, specifically an experiment with a simple pendulum to study its period of oscillation; and (ii) a simulation of the Physics internship regency conducted by her. BILINGUAL LINGUISTIC MEDIATIONS IN SCIENTIFIC LITERACY The research findings could be expressed into five categories (actions): (1) to anchor the communication process in visual resources, such as pictures and words written on the board, mobilizing the memory of mathematical and Physics concepts; (2) take care of the reading process in lexicalized Portuguese, which involves word-by-word signaling and compromises the meaning of the passages read; (3) to be aware of the scarcity of vocabulary in Libras for Maths and Physics concepts, which results in the imprecision of signs used for different concepts, such as ‘oscillation’ and ‘swing of the simple pendulum’; (4) to use spontaneous classifiers (gesture markers) that allow evidencing with precision the meaning of concepts, such as ‘periodic wave’ and ‘arithmetic mean’; (5) to mobilize memory for precise signaling of concepts such as ‘period’ and the relationship between arithmetic mean and repetition of the pendulum swing. These categories indicate teaching content and assessment criteria that must be considered to meet a Deaf student's needs from a perspective of inclusive Deaf Scientific Education through Bilingualism. REFERENCES Brasil. Decreto nº 5.626 (2005, 22 de dezembro). Regulamenta a Lei no 10.436, de 24 de abril de 2002. Retrieved August 12, 2022, from http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2005/Decreto/D5626.htm Engeström, Y. (2002). Non scolae sed vitae discimus: como superar a encapsulação da aprendizagem escolar. In H. Daniels, (Ed). Uma introdução a Vygotsky (pp. 175-197). São Paulo: Loyola. Leontiev, A. N. (1988). Uma contribuição à teoria do desenvolvimento da psique infantil. In L. S. Vygotsky (et al.), Linguagem, desenvolvimento e aprendizagem. São Paulo: Ícone

LAVOLONTE POULITIQUE POUR GARANTIR LÉS DROTS DE CYTOYENNETÉ DES ENFANTS FAIT ENCORE DÉFAUT

A nova legislação brasileira se opõe ao paternalismo e assistencialismo do governo em relação às crianças e jovens excluídos das políticas sociais básicas. O assistencialis~no é uma abordagem inadequada para suprir as falhas gritantes de um país que não consegue dar moradia, alimentação, saúde, educação, trabalho e lazer a milhões de jovens. Pela nova concepção jurídica, a criança passa de “ser carente” a “sujeito de direitos exigíveis” na forma da lei. Ou seja, conquista a condição de cidadania. O Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente traz um conceito revolucion~rio de gestão: a União, os Estados e os MunicIpios devem dividir responsabilidades para atender o Jovem das classes sociais mais desfavorecidas. A população deve participar nos programas sociais por iutermédio de suas organizações representativas. Isso significa um espaço inédito para a cidadania se introduzir na questão direta das políticas públicas. Mas falta vontade política para o estabelecimento de uma política social efetiva, que garanta os direitos dos pequenas cidadãos brasileiros. Há no Brasil um profundo abismo entre a lei e a realidade, entre o país legal e o país real. Por isso, é preciso desenvolver uma consciência política e capacitar tecnicamente os representantes da coletividade.La nouvelle législation brésilienne va à l’encontre du patemalisme et de “I’assistanat” du goivernement pour les enfants et jeunes exclue des politiques sociales de base.En effet, “I’assistanat” apparaitinadaptépour comblerles carences d’un pays qui n’arrive pas a fournir logement, alimentation, santo, éducation, travail et loisir a des millions de jeunes. Selon la nouvelle conception juridique, I’enfant n’est plus un “être carencé” mais un “individu qui a des droits” exigibles selon la loi. Il gagne ainsi le statut de citoyenneté

Iniciação e aperfeiçoamento ao esporte paralímpico

Trabalho apresentado no 31º SEURS - Seminário de Extensão Universitária da Região Sul, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 04 a 07 de agosto de 2013 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.O objetivo deste projeto é promover a iniciação e aperfeiçoamento do esporte paralímpico na universidade estadual de londrina. Os trabalhos serão desenvolvidos nas instalações esportivas do Centro de Educação Física e Esportes da UEL. Público alvo; beneficiados diretamente: 50 pessoas com deficiência, beneficiados indiretamente 2.000 pessoas na região metropolitana de londrina. Os resultados e contribuições esperadas após os seis meses de duração do projeto: a) promover a participação dos esportes paraolímpicos; b) colaborar na formação dos alunos envolvidos pela possibilidade de atuar em um projeto interdisciplinar e que associa ensino, pesquisa e extensão; c) integração das áreas de esporte, fisioterapia e computação; d) colaborar com a prática dos profissionais que atuam nas várias modalidades esportivas de londrina e região; e) publicação de materiais didáticos on-line, CD, DVD, f) publicação de resumos e artigos, g) participação em eventos científicos e esportivos, h) promover cursos de atualização. A avaliação do projeto se dará através dos artigos publicados e produção de material didático