Seasonal variation of thrips species in grapevine according to phenological stages and management systems

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de espécies de tripes em videira e a flutuação populacional, das espécies mais frequentes e abundantes, em diferentes fases fenológicas e sistemas de manejo. O experimento foi realizado em Petrolina, PE, em cinco parreirais – três da cultivar Sugraone (certificada, semiconvencional e convencional) e duas da cultivar Brasil (certificada e convencional). Foram coletadas folhas e inflorescências durante dois anos consecutivos (2008–2010), em 15 plantas. Foram realizadas análises de correlação entre as médias de infestação de tripes e os fatores meteorológicos temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e precipitação pluvial. O número médio de larvas e adultos de tripes foi comparado entre os sistemas de manejo e as fases fenológicas. Nas folhas, foram constatadas as espécies Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, Retithrips syriacus, Selenothrips rubrocinctus, Frankliniella schultzei, Frankliniella sp. e Scolothrips sp., além de larvas de Aelothripidae. Nas inflorescências, foram identificadas apenas espécies de Thripidae, F. schultzei, F. brevicaulis, F. rodeos, F. gardeniae e Frankliniella sp. Não houve correlação de temperatura, umidade relativa e precipitação pluvial com o número médio de tripes. Existe um complexo de espécies de tripes na videira, e a fenologia da planta exerce influência na abundância desses insetos.The objective of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of thrips species and the population fluctuation, of the most frequent and abundant ones, in different management systems and phenological stages of grapevine. The experiment was carried out in Petrolina, PE, Brazil, in five vineyards – three with the cultivar Sugraone (certified, semi‑conventional, and conventional) and two with the cultivar Brasil (certified and conventional). Leaves and flowers were collected during two subsequent years (2008–2010) from 15 plants. Correlation analyses were performed between the means of thrips infestation and the meteorological variables temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall. The average number of larvae and adult thrips was compared between the management systems and phenological stage. The thrips species found on leaves were: Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, Retithrips syriacus, Selenothrips rubrocinctus, Frankliniella schultzei, Frankliniella sp., and Scolothrips sp., as well as nymphs of Aelothripidae. On flowers, only the Thripidae species was found: F. schultzei, F. brevicaulis, F. rodeos, F. gardenia, and Frankliniella sp. There was no correlation betweentemperature, relative air humidity, and rainfall with the average number of thrips. There is a thrips speciescomplex on grapevine, and plant phenology affects the abundance of the insects

Biology of Trichogramma pretiosum riley in eggs of Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier)

Estudaram-se, em laboratório, aspectos biológicos de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) em ovos do hospedeiro alternativo Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), visando à obtenção de informações básicas sobre a biologia desse parasitóide em condições de laboratório. Não houve controle de temperatura, umidade relativa e fotoperíodo, com o objetivo de simular as condições do Submédio do Vale do São Francisco, Estado de Pernambuco. A temperatura média registrada durante o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi 25,9±0,9 oC. Os resultados mostraram uma duração média do período ovo-adulto de 9,42 dias e uma viabilidade de ovos parasitados de 88%. O número médio de T. pretiosum emergido por ovo do hospedeiro foi de 1,41, com um máximo de dois indivíduos/ovo. As fêmeas viveram, em média, 5,53 dias, enquanto os machos apresentaram longevidade média de 3,08 dias, quando ambos os sexos foram alimentados com mel puro.Biological aspects of the parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) were studied in eggs of its factitious host, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), with the objective of obtaining basic information about the biology of this parasitoid under environmental lab conditions. There was no control of temperature, relative humidity and photoperiod with the purpose of simulating the natural conditions of the Submédio São Francisco region, Pernambuco State, Brazil. The mean temperature during the study was 25.9± 0.9 ºC. The results showed a mean duration of the period egg-adult of 9.42 days and a viability of parasited eggs of 88%. The mean number of T. pretiosum emerged by egg of the host was 1.41 with a maximum of two individuals/egg. The mean longevity of females was 5.53 days while the males lived an average of 3.08 days when both were fed with pure honey

Discrimination and quality of life of brazilian female immigrants in Portugal

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of discrimination perception in the quality of life and mental and physical health of Brazilian women living in Portugal, drawing on a descriptive research with a quantitative approach, with 682 female immigrants. Data collection was carried out in two modalities: online, using the LimeSurvey Platform; and presential, conducted at the Associação Mais Brasil [Association More Brazil] and at the Consulate-General of Brazil in Porto and Lisbon, with the application of the Perception of Discrimination Scale and the Medical Outcomes Study 36 – Item Short – Form Health Survey (SF -36). A significant negative correlation was observed between most SF-36 items and the Perception of Discrimination Scale, demonstrating an inversely proportional relation when respondents reporting a higher level of discrimination presented a lower quality of life. Results demonstrate the presence of a strong perception of discrimination, turning it into one of the greatest problems faced by immigrants. Among the most significantly affected dimensions, the following aspects stand out: emotional, pain, overall health status, vitality, social aspects, perception of discrimination, and health changes through time. The exception lies in the functional capacity dimension, which does not present a significant relation with the Perception of Discrimination Scale. The outcomes highlight the negative impact of perceived discrimination on the quality of life dimensions, engendering harmful effects, as well as on physical and mental health. The study points out the need to create public policies that seek to receive, include and integrate female immigrants, guaranteeing their rights and providing information on their duties, in order to reduce discrimination and improve the quality of life and health of this population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Adaptação transcultural do Caregiver Reaction Assessment para uso no Brasil com cuidadores informais de idosos

This study aimed to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment CRA for use in Brazil with informal caregivers of dependent elderly METHOD A methodological study, of five steps: initial translation, synthesis of translations, retro-translation, evaluation by a judge committee and a pre-test, with 30 informal caregivers of older persons in Fortaleza, Brazil. Content validity was assessed by five experts in gerontology and geriatrics. The cross-cultural adaptation was rigorously conducted, allowing for inferring credibility. RESULTS The Brazilian version of the CRA had a simple and fast application (ten minutes), easily understood by the target audience. It is semantically, idiomatically, experimentally and conceptually equivalent to the original version, with valid content to assess the burden of informal caregivers for the elderly (Content Validity Index = 0.883). CONCLUSION It is necessary that other psychometric properties of validity and reliability are tested before using in care practice and research.Objetivou-se realizar a adaptação transcultural do Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) para uso no Brasil com cuidadores informais de idosos dependentes MÉTODO Estudo metodológico, de cinco etapas: tradução inicial, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, avaliação por comitê de juízes e pré-teste com 30 cuidadores informais de idosos de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. A validade de conteúdo foi avaliada por cinco especialistas em Saúde do Idoso. A adaptação transcultural foi rigorosamente conduzida, permitindo depreender sua credibilidade. RESULTADOS A versão brasileira do CRA teve aplicação simples, rápida (dez minutos), facilmente compreensível pelo público-alvo. É semanticamente, idiomaticamente, experimentalmente e conceitualmente equivalente à versão original, com conteúdo válido para avaliar a sobrecarga de cuidadores informais de idosos (Índice de Validade de Conteúdo=0,883). CONCLUSÃO É necessário que as suas demais propriedades psicométricas de validade e confiabilidade sejam analisadas, antes da utilização na prática assistencial e de pesquisa.El blanco de este estudio fue llevar a cabo la adaptación transcultural del Caregiver Reaction Assessment para empleo en Brasil con cuidadores informales de ancianos dependientes. MÉTODO Estudio metodológico, de cinco etapas: traducción inicial, síntesis de las traducciones, retrotraducción, evaluación por comité de jueces y pre prueba con 30 cuidadores informales de ancianos de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil. La validez de contenido fue evaluada por cinco expertos en Salud del Anciano. La adaptación transcultural fue rigurosamente conducida, permitiendo desprender su credibilidad. RESULTADOS La versión brasileña del CRA tuvo aplicación sencilla, rápida (diez minutos) y fácilmente comprensible por el público meta. Equivale semántica, idiomática, experimental y conceptualmente a la versión original, con contenido válido para evaluar la sobrecarga de los cuidadores informales de ancianos (Índice de Validez de Contenido=0,883). CONCLUSIÓN Es necesario analizar sus demás propiedades psicométricas de validez y confiabilidad antes del empleo en la práctica asistencial y de investigación

Using the technique of mating disruption for Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) population management on grapevine

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da técnica de confusão sexual, com o feromônio sexual sintético composto (Z)‑11‑hexadecenal (Z11–16: Ald) a 1,8% e (Z)‑13‑octadecenal (Z13–18: Ald) a 1,8%, no controle da população de traça‑dos‑cachos, Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), em cultivares de videiras (Vitis vinifera) destinadas à produção de vinhos. Os experimentos foram realizados em duas localidades na região do Vale do São Francisco, em áreas comerciais de produção de uva para processamento, com as cultivares Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot, Tempranillo e Chenin Blanc. Os tratamentos avaliados foram os seguintes: confusão sexual com uso de liberadores Splat (“specialized pheromone and lure application technology”), aplicados com pistola manual a 500 pontos por hectare (2 g por ponto); e testemunha sem aplicação. O efeito da técnica sobre os adultos de C. gnidiella foi avaliado com uso de armadilha tipo Delta, iscada em um septo com 2 g de feromônio sintético da mesma formulação. Os danos nos cachos foram avaliados à colheita. O uso da técnica de confusão sexual reduziu a captura de adultos de C. gnidiella em mais de 59% na 'Tempranillo', 68% na 'Chenin Blanc', 80% na 'Cabernet Sauvignon' e 97% na 'Petit Verdot'. À época da colheita, os danos nos frutos foram reduzidos de 65 a 100% nas áreas tratadas. O feromônio sexual sintético é eficaz para reduzir o acasalamento de C. gnidiella em vinhedos, com o uso da técnica de confusão sexual.The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of mating disruption technique, with the synthetic sex pheromone compound (Z)‑11‑hexadecenal (Z11–16: Ald) at 1.8% and (Z)‑13‑octadecenal (Z13–18: Ald) at 1.8%, for controlling the honeydew moth, Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), population in grape (Vitis vinifera) cultivars destined to wine production. The experiments were carried out in two locations in the region of São Francisco Valley, Brazil, in commercial production areas of grapes used for processing, with the cultivars Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot, Tempranillo, and Chenin Blanc. The evaluated treatments were: mating disruption using Splat (specialized pheromone and lure application technology) releasers, applied at 500 points per hectare (2 g per point); and a control without application. The effect of the technique was evaluated on adults of C. gnidiella using Delta type trap baited with 2 g of synthetic pheromone of the same formulation. The damage on grape clusters was evaluated at harvest. The use of mating disruption technique reduced the capture of adult C. gnidiella in more than 59% in 'Tempranillo', 68% in 'Chenin Blanc', 80% in 'Cabernet Sauvignon', and 97% in 'Petit Verdot'. At harvest, fruit damage was reduced from 65 to 100% in the treated areas. The synthetic sex pheromone is effective in reducing C. gnidiella mating in vineyards, using the mating disruption technique

Implications of Edentulism on Quality of Life among Elderly

This study aimed was to test the association between quality of life and edentulism among elderly individuals in a city in southeastern Brazil. This cross-sectional study was carried out with 163 individuals aged 60 years or older, functionally independent and non-institutionalized. Data were collected with a questionnaire and oral examination. The edentulism was the dependent variable. The independent variables were sex, age, household income and quality of life (WHOQOL-Old) and their scores. To assess the association between the dependent variable and independent variables was used bivariate analysis (p < 0.10). Poisson regression model was performed, adjusting for age and sex. The average age of participants was 69 years (± 6.1), 68.7% were female and 52.8% were diagnosed as completely edentulous (90% CI: 0.33–1.24). When the independent variables were associated to the prevalence of edentulism, statistically significant associations were found for age (p = 0.03) and social participation dimension of the WHOQOL-Old (p = 0.08). In the Poisson regression, social participation remained statistically associated to edentulism {RP = 2.12 [90% CI (1.10–4.00)]}. The social participation proved to have a significant association to edentulism, thereby attesting to the negative effect of this condition on social aspects

AVALIAÇÃO DE PRODUTOS NO CONTROLE DE TRIPES NA CULTURA DA CEBOLA

Avaliou-se a eficiência dos seguintes produtos químicos no controle de Thrips tabaci, em cebola cv. Texas Grano 502 PRR: 1) Tiametoxam (240 g i.a. ha-1) no transplante, Profenofós (400 g i.a. ha-1) aos 10, 40 e 50 dias após o transplante (DAT) e Cipermetrina+Profenofós (32+320 g i.a. ha-1) aos 20, 30, 60 e 70 DAT; 2) Tiametoxam (240 g i.a. ha-1) no transplante e (40 g i.a. ha-1) aos 20, 30, 60 e 70 DAT, Profenofós (400 g i.a. ha-1) aos 10, 40 e 50 DAT; 3) Tiametoxam no transplante (240 g i.a.ha-1) e (40 g i.a. ha-1) aos 30 e 60 DAT, Profenofós (400 g i.a. ha-1) aos 10, 40 e 70 DAT e Cipermetrina+Profenofós (32+320 g i.a. ha-1) aos 20 e 50 DAT; 4) Acefato (600 g i.a. ha-1) e Fempropatrina (72 g i.a. ha-1) alternados; 5) Lambda-cialotrina (20 g i.a. ha-1) e Profenofós (400 g i.a. ha-1) alternados; 6) Deltametrina (10 g i.a. ha-1); 7) Deltametrina + Triazofós (420 g i.a. ha-1); 8) Acefato (600 g i.a. ha-1); 9) Metiocarbe (600 g i.a. ha-1); 10) Acetamiprido (80 g i.a. ha-1); 11) Formetanato+açúcar (465,6 g i.a. ha-1+1%) e 12) testemunha. Efetuou-se a amostragem de ninfas + adultos aos 40, 60 e 70 DAT coletando-se cinco plantas, ao acaso, por parcela. Os tratamentos Formetanato+açúcar (96%) e Metiocarbe (81%) foram os mais eficientes. EVALUTION OF PRODUCTS IN THE CONTROL OF THRIPS ON THE ONION CROP Abstract The efficiency of the following chemical products were evaluated in the control of Thrips tabaci in onion, c.v. Texas Grano 502 PRR: 1) Thiamethoxan (240 g a.i. ha-1) in the transplanting day, Profenophos (400 g a.i. ha-1) to the 10, 40 and 50 days after the transplanting (ATD) and Cypermethrin+ Profenophos (32+320 g a.i. ha-1) to the 20, 30, 60 and 70 ATD; 2) Thiamethoxan (240 g.a.i. ha-1) in the transplanting day and (40 g a.i. ha-1) to the 20, 30, 60 and 70 ATD, Profenophos (400 g a.i. ha-1) to the 10, 40 and 50 ATD; 3) Thiamethoxan (240 g a.i. ha-1) in the transplanting day and (40 g a.i. ha-1) to the 30 and 60 ATD, Profenophos (400 g a.i. ha-1) to the 10, 40 and 70 ATD and Cypermethrin+ Profenophos (32+320 g a.i. ha-1) to the 20 and 50 ATD; 4) Acephate (600 g a.i. ha-1) and Fenpropathrin (72 g a.i. ha-1) alternate; 5) Lambdacyhalothrin (20 g a.i. ha-1) and Profenophos (400 g a.i. ha-1) alternated; 6) Deltamethrin (10 g a.i. ha-1); 7) Deltamethrin+ Triazophos (420 g a.i. ha-1); 8) Acephate (600 g a.i. ha-1); 9) Methyocarb (600 g a.i. ha-1); 10) Acetamiprid (80 g a.i. ha-1); 11) Formetanate+sugar (465.6 g a.i. ha-1+1%) and 12) control, without insecticide. Sampling of nymphs + adults were made at 40, 60 and 70 ATD, being collected five plants per plot. The best treatments were formetanate+sugar (96%) and methyocarb (81%)

Cell-derived microvesicles in infective endocarditis: Role in diagnosis and potential for risk stratification at hospital admission

Objectives: To characterize the plasmatic profile of cell-derived microvesicles (MVs) at diagnosis and during the treatment of patients with infective endocarditis (IE). Methods: Blood samples from 57 patients with IE were obtained on 3 consecutive moments: upon admission (T0), at 2 weeks (T1), and at the end of treatment (T2), and were compared with 22 patients with other bacterial infections. MPs were measured by flow cytometry and labeled for specific cell markers of CD45 (leukocytes), CD66b (neutrophils), CD14 (monocytes), CD41a (platelets), CD51 (endothelial cells), CD3 (T lymphocyte) and CD235a (erythrocytes). Results: MVs from platelets (pltMVs), leukocytes (leukMVs), neutrophils (neutMVs), monocytes (monoMVs) and lymphocytes (lymphMVs) were significantly more elevated in the patients with IE, compared to the patients with other bacterial infections, despite comparable age, sex, blood counts and C-reactive protein levels. MVs values revealed a relatively stable pattern over time in IE, except for a significant increase in leukMVs and neutMVs in T1. LeukMVs (p = 0.011), neutMVs (p = 0.010), monoMVs (p = 0.016) and lymphMVs (p = 0.020), measured at admission, were significantly higher in IE patients that died during hospitalization in comparison with those that survived. In a multivariable analyses, the levels of neutMVs remained as an independent factor associated with mortality (odds ratio 2.203; 95% confidence interval 1.217 - 3.988; p = 0.009), adjustment for heart failure during the treatment. Conclusions: Plasma levels of pltMVs, leukMVs, neutMVs, monoMVs and lymphMVs were significantly more elevated in patients with IE than in patients with other bacterial infections at hospital admission. Furthermore, neutMVs at admission have been identified as an independent predictor of mortality in patients with IE. Thus, cell derived MPs may become an important tool in the differential diagnosis and mortality risk assessment early in the course of IE suspected cases