Physico - chemical characterization of the 'Tommy Atkins' mango submitted to preharvest application of calcium chloride and refrigerated storage

Avaliou-se a qualidade pós-colheita de manga 'Tommy Atkins' submetida a aplicação pré-colheita de CaCl2 e armazenamento refrigerado. Os fatores estudados foram concentrações de CaCl2 (1% e 2%) e números de aplicações (2,3 e 4 vezes). Houve ainda um tratamento adicional, que funcionou como controle. As pulverizações foliares foram iniciadas cerca de 35 dias após antese, num intervalo de 15 dias. Do total de 280 frutos colhidos, 175 foram levados para análise imediata, enquanto que 105 permaneceram em câmara fria (10ºC) por 30 dias, sendo posteriormente analisados. As concentrações de CaCl2 testadas não resultaram em incremento do teor de cálcio no fruto e também não influenciaram as características de qualidade avaliadas. Houve efeito do número de aplicações de CaCl2 sobre a textura, sólidos solúveis (após 30 dias) e açúcares solúveis totais (após a colheita). A incidência de colapso interno não foi associada a aplicação de cálcio.The postharvest quality of 'Tommy Atkins' mango was evaluated after the preharvest application of CaCl2 and refrigerated storage. The studied factors were concentrations of CaCl2 (1% e 2%) and numbers of applications (2, 3 and 4 times). The spraying began 35 days after antese in intervals of 15 days. Of the 280 harvested fruits, 175 were taken for immediate analysis, while 105, were left in a cold chamber (10ºC) during 30 days for later analysis. Significant difference was observed between the tested concentrations of CaCl2 and the witness, for most of the appraised quality characteristics, except for total sugars (fruits analyzed after 30 days), while the number of applications presented influence on the texture, soluble solids (after 30 days) and total soluble sugars (after the harvest)

In vitro viability of genipap pollen grains in different culture media

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade in vitro do grão de pólen de jenipapeiro (Genipa americana) à temperatura ambiente, em diferentes meios de cultura. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 3x11 (meios de cultura x tempos de incubação), com quatro repetições. O número de grãos de pólen germinados foi analisado em intervalos de 24 horas até 288 horas após incubação em temperatura ambiente. O meio com 100 mg ha-1 de H3BO3, 80 g L-1 de sacarose e 1,0 L-1 de ágar resulta em alta à média percentagem de germinação in vitro, sendo o mais adequado para estudos da viabilidade in vitro de grãos de pólen de jenipapeiro.The objective of this work was to evaluate the viability of genipap (Genipa americana) pollen grain at room temperature in different culture media. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3x11 factorial arrangement (culture media x incubation times) with four replicates. The number of germinated pollen grains was analyzed at 24-hour intervals up to 288 hours after incubation at room temperature. The culture medium with 100 mg L-1 H3BO3, 80 g L-1 sucrose, and 1.0 g L-1 agar results in a higher to intermediate germination percentage, being the most suitable for studies on the in vitro viability of genipap pollen grains

Fruit and seed biometry of cambuí (Myrciaria tenella O. Berg) = Biometria de fruto e semente de cambuí (Myrciaria tenella O. Berg)

The cambuí tree (Myrciaria tenella O. Berg) is native to Brazil and its fruits are harvested by extraction for fresh consumption in the state of Sergipe (Brazil). Because of the regional importance of the species, this work aims to characterize the cambuí fruits and seeds. The fruits were harvested mature from native trees in the Reserva do Caju Experimental Field, on Itaporanga d’Ajuda (Sergipe, Brazil), belonging to Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros. Two hundred fruits and seeds were biometrically analyzed. In addition, we evaluated the fruit, pulp, and seed color based on RHS Color Chart. Two different skin colors were found: 1. yellow [orange - red (group 32A)] with yellow pulp [yellow - orange (group 17A)]; and 2. purple [violet -blue (group 93A)] with red pulp [red - purple (group 60A)]. The seeds have only one color, green [yellow-green (group 152A)] with dark stripes [Brown (group 200C)]. The fruits mean diameter was 9.23 mm.fruit-1, and average width 8.50 mm.fruit-1. The seeds mean diameter was 5.34 mm.seed-1, mean width 6.52 mm.seed-1 and thickness 5.08 mm.seed-1. The cambuí is a little red fruit. The biometry had a high variability as expected, because it is a native species without any type of management.=Resumo - O cambuí (Myrciaria tenella O. Berg) é nativo do Brasil e os frutos são colhidos por extrativismo para consumo in natura no estado de Sergipe (Brasil). Por causa da importância regional da espécie, objetivou-se com este trabalho caracterizar os frutos e sementes de cambuí. Os frutos foram colhidos maduros provenientes de plantas nativas do Campo Experimental Reserva do Caju, no município de Itaporanga d’Ajuda (Sergipe, Brasil) pertencente a Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros. Foram analisados 200 frutos e sementes biometricamente. Além disso, caracterizou-se a cor da fruta, da polpa, e da semente com base na cartela de cores RHS. Foram identificados duas cores diferentes para a fruta: 1. de cor amarela [laranja - vermelho (grupo32A)], com polpa amarela [amarelo - laranja (grupo 17A)], e 2. com cor roxa [violeta - azul (grupo 93A)], com polpa vermelha [vermelho - roxo (grupo 60A)]. As sementes foram de uma só cor, verde [verde-amarelo (grupo 152A)], com listras escuras [Marrom (grupo 200C)]. O diâmetro médio dos frutos foi de 9,23 mm.fruto-1, e a média da largura 8,50 mm.fruto-1. O diâmetro médio das sementes foi de 5,34 mm.semente-1, 6,52 mm.semente-1 para a largura, e a espessura média de 5,08 mm.semente-1. O cambuí é um pequeno fruto vermelho. A biometria de sementes de cambuí são altamente variáveis, sendo justificado por seruma espécie nativa

Genetic structure and diversity of the neem germplasm bank from Brazil Northeast

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is a tree species with known value to agriculture. Our aim was to evaluate, using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, the genetic diversity of 54 accessions from Germplasm Bank (GBN) of Embrapa Coastal Tablelands (Sergipe, Brazil). The accessions were analyzed using a model-based Bayesian procedure (Structure), molecular variance analysis (AMOVA) and Jaccard coefficient was estimated. The marker data indicated that GBN have three independent genetic groups, confirmed by genetic structure and genetic variability, enabling the formulation of appropriate strategies for management and use of GBN.Keywords: Azadirachta indica, Azadirachta excelsa, genetic resource, variabilityAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(20), pp. 2822-282

Fruit and seed biometry of cambuí (Myciaria tenella O. Berg)

The cambuí tree (Myciaria tenella O. Berg) is native to Brazil and the fruits are harvested by extraction for fresh consumption in state of Sergipe (Brazil). Because of the regional importance of the species, this work aims to characterize the cambuí fruits and seeds. The fruits were harvested mature from the Reserva do Caju Experimental Field, on Itaporanga d'Ajuda (Sergipe, Brazil), belonging to Embrapa Coastal Tablelands. We analyzed biometrically 200 fruits and seeds. In addition, we evaluated the fruit, pulp, and seed color based on RHS Color Chart. We found two different fruits skin colors: 1. yellow [orange - red (group 32A)] with yellow pulp [yellow - orange (group 17A)]; and 2. purple [violet - blue (group 93A)] with red pulp [red - purple (group 60A)]. The seeds have only one color, green [yellow-green (group 152A)] with dark stripes [Brown (group 200C)]. The fruits mean diameter was 9.23 mm/fruit, and mean width 8.50 mm/fruit. The seeds mean diameter was 5.34 mm/seed, mean width 6.52 mm/seed and thickness 5.08 mm/seed. The cambuí seeds are highly variable as previsously expected, because it is a native species without any type of management

Genetic diversity of accessions of the mangaba germplasm bank in Sergipe, Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a variabilidade genética de acessos de mangaba provenientes de populações naturais, de 11 localidades, com marcadores RAPD. Os acessos pertencem ao Banco Ativo de Mangaba da Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, em Itaporanga d’Ajuda, SE. Foram utilizados 13 iniciadores, que geraram 82 fragmentos, dos quais 78 (95%) eram polimórficos. A análise genética entre localidades apresentou baixa diversidade genética; entretanto, a similaridade genética variou de 0,02 a 0,91, para os 55 acessos. Foi possível identificar grupos divergentes por meio dos agrupamentos UPGMA e ACoP. Os acessos menos similares foram provenientes de Ipiranguinha (Conde, PB) e Preguiça (Indiaroba, SE), e os mais semelhantes de Jandaíra (Costa Azul, BA). Do conjunto total, 49 acessos foram geneticamente distintos e seis semelhantes. Por meio dos marcadores RAPD, foi possível obter um perfil molecular único, além de estimar a variabilidade existente entre os acessos avaliados. O Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Mangaba da Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros apresenta baixa diversidade genética entre as localidades.The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic variability of mangaba accessions of natural populations, from 11 locations, using RAPD markers. The accessions belong to Banco Ativo de Mangaba of Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, in Itaporanga d’Ajuda, SE, Brazil. A total of 13 primers were used, which generated 82 fragments, of which 78 (95%) were polymorphic. Genetic analysis among regions showed low genetic diversity; however, genetic similarity ranged from 0.02 to 0.91, for the 55 accessions. Divergent groups were identified by UPGMA and ACoP clustering. The least similar accessions were derived from Ipiranguinha (Conde, PB, Brazil) and Preguiça (Indiaroba, SE, Brazil), and the most similar from Jandaíra (Costa Azul, BA, Brazil). From the total, 49 accessions were genetically distinct and six were similar. By using RAPD markers, it was possible to obtain a unique molecular profile, besides estimating the variability among the accessions evaluated. The Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Mangaba of Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros shows low genetic diversity among locations

Cambuí (Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willd.) O. Berg): A potential nutritional supplement for inhibition of COVID-19 infections / Cambuí (Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willd.) O. Berg): Um potencial suplemento nutricional para a inibição de infecções por COVID-19

In the present study, we suggest that the Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willd.) O. Berg fruit (cambuí) is a natural source of potential molecules against COVID-19. Extracts from orange and purple cambuí were obtained by using pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE). Extraction overall yield was 39.66 ± 1.62% and 33.00 ± 8.44% for the extracts of purple and orange cambuí, respectively. All analyzed extracts showed high total phenolic contents, especially those of purple fruits (3870.37 ± 353.09 mg GAE/100g). The total flavonoid content was 693.16 ± 180.09 and 770.08 ± 103.62 mg RE/100g for purple and orange fruit extracts, respectively. The secondary metabolite profile exhibited ellagic acid, ellagitannins, and derivatives of caffeic acid and ellagic acid. PHWE showed a good alternative for molecules separation from cambuí with promising potential for further in vitro and in vivo evaluation against Covid-19 infections

Callogénesis y caracterización morfohistológica de Hancornia speciosa Gomes

Hancornia speciosa Gomes belongs to the family Apocynaceae and is distributed across different regions of Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate callus induction and histodifferentiation in five mangaba accessions under different in vitro culture conditions. Five acessions from the Active Germplasm Bank of Mangaba (Embrapa, Brazil) were evaluated. In vitro-germinated plant seedlings were used for the excision of different explants (internode and node segments, and foliar section). These segments were inoculated in a culture medium containing different concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). There was a significant effect of accessions, treatments, and time on the callus mass (g). There was no callus induction in the absence of regulators. After 60 days of in vitro culture, all treatments exhibited a linear positive cellular growth. The highest callus mass was observed in the BI accession, in the presence of 22.62 µM 2,4-D and 11.10 µM BA.Hancornia speciosa Gomes pertenece a la familia Apocynaceae, distribuida en diferentes regiones de Brasil. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la callogénesis y la histodiferenciación en cinco accesiones de mangaba bajo diferentes condiciones de cultivo in vitro. Se evaluaron cinco accesiones del Banco de Germoplasma Activo de Mangaba (Embrapa, Brasil). Las plántulas germinadas in vitro se utilizaron para la escisión de explantes (segmentos nodales e internodales y secciones foliares). Estos segmentos fueron inoculados en un medio de cultivo que contenía diferentes concentraciones de 6-benzilaminopurina (BA) y ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D). Hubo un efecto significativo de las accesiones, los tratamientos y el tiempo del cultivo en la masa de los callos. No hubo inducción de callos en ausencia de reguladores. A los 60 días de cultivo in vitro, los otros tratamientos presentaron un crecimiento celular linear positivo. La mayor masa de callo se observó en la accesión BI, en presencia de 22,62 μM 2,4-D y 11,10 μM BA

INFLUÊNCIA DE LUZ E SACAROSE NO CRESCIMENTO IN VITRO DE MANDIOCA

RESUMO: A mandioca é a única espécie do gênero Manihot comercialmente produzida. A produção de mudas micropropagadas possui limitações, e entre estas está o alto custo com energia utilizadas nas salas de crescimento, e na taxa de sobrevivência das plantas na fase de aclimatização, porém a cultura de tecidos é uma ferramenta de multiplicação rápida e obtenção de plantas sadias (cultura de meristema), pois o método de propagação vegetativa acarreta problemas fitossanitários como disseminação de patógenos. Uma alternativa para diminuir gastos dessa técnica seria a redução de sacarose ao meio e indução de enraizamento sob luz natural em casa de vegetação. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência da luz e sacarose na sobrevivência e desenvolvimento de mudas de mandioca micropropagada. As variedades BRS Formosa, Lagoão e BRS Verdinha, cultivadas em meio MS acrescido de diferentes concentrações de sacarose (10; 20 e 30 g.L-1), e após 30 dias em sala de crescimento, os frascos foram incubados em sala de crescimento e casa de vegetação por 15 dias. Em cultivos envolvendo diferentes tipos de luz, BRS Formosa e Lagoão, alcançaram melhores médias sob luz natural e altas concentrações de sacarose, enquanto que BRS Verdinha obteve melhor desenvolvimento em luz natural e baixa concentração de sacarose

Genetic diversity of sweet potatoes collection from Northeastern Brazil

The sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam has its origin in Tropical America. In Sergipe State (Brazil), its production is very important, and to explore its potential in local agriculture in the State, the Embrapa Coastal Tableland created a collection with 52 accessions located in Umbaúba City. Some accessions were from germplasm belonging to Embrapa vegetables and others from local farmers of Sergipe. Here, we provide the first data on the genetic diversity and structure of sweet potato collection of SPGB using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. RAPD data were used to determine genetic variability via a model-based Bayesian procedure (structure) and molecular variance analysis (AMOVA). In addition, Shannon index, genetic diversity and Jaccard coefficients were also estimated. RAPD was efficient for the analysis of genetic diversity to identify groups and measure the genetic distance between accessions. The markers showed that the collection had a high level of polymorphism. By UPGMA, we separated three groups of genotypes and identified two reconstructed populations by structure software. Keywords: Ipomoea batatas, cultivars, accessionsAfrican Journal of Biotechnology, Vol. 13(10), pp. 1109-1116, 5 March, 201