A study on the implementation on the conservation and preservation of heritage site as provided in the National Heritage Act 2005: a study on Malacca heritage site / Amirah Soeraya Zakaria…[et al.]

This project paper is concerning the importance and purpose of conservation and preservation of National Heritage in Malaysia. The National Heritage Act 2005 being a newly gazetted act and provision, in conserving and preserving heritage sites thus after a few years being gazetted, it is important to determine the extent of its implementation because this will show how effective it is. This project paper will touch on the laws and its components in conserving heritage which emphasised on Malacca as the case study. Furthermore the application of Malacca Enactment 1988 will be mentioned and other relevant provisions and measures in conserving will be included. Therefore a comparative study will be done in determining the strength and weaknesses of these laws will also be pointed out. In addition, this research paper will also include a case study in order to determine the practicability and the effectiveness of these laws. The obstacles and challenges of the Act towards protecting and conserving the heritage sites will be identified especially in Malacca and also ways to overcome the situation. In the end of this project paper, which is chapter 5 recommendations will be proposed based on the findings of the research with the hope to increase effectiveness of the laws on conserving and preserving the heritage sites

Women's sleep position during pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Background Approximately 2.6 million babies are stillborn each year globally, of which 98% occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A 2019 individual participant data meta-analysis of 6 studies from high-income countries found that maternal supine going-to-sleep position increased the risk of stillbirth. It is not clear whether this impact would be the same in LMICs, and the normal sleep behaviour of pregnant women in LMICs is not well understood. Objective Determine the prevalence of different sleeping positions among pregnant women in LMICs, and what (if any) positions were associated with stillbirth using a systematic review. Search strategy We systematically searched the databases Medline, Embase, Emcare, CINAHL and Global Index Medicus for relevant studies, with no date or language restrictions on 4 April 2020. Reference lists of included studies were also screened. Selection criteria Observational studies of maternal sleep position during pregnancy in LMICs Data collection and analysis Recovered citations were screened and eligible studies were included for extraction. These steps were performed by two independent reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Main results A total of 3480 citations were screened but only two studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies were conducted in Ghana and India and reported on different maternal sleep positions: supine and left lateral. In Ghana, a prevalence of 9.7% for supine sleeping position amongst 220 women was found. The primary outcome could not be extracted from the Indian study as sleep position information was only reported for women who had a stillbirth (100 of the 300 participants). Conclusion There is limited information on maternal sleeping position in LMICs. Since sleep position may be a modifiable risk factor for stillbirth, there is a need for further research to understand the sleep practices and behaviours of pregnant women in LMICs

Tathbiq An-Nawazil Al-Fiqhiyyah Lil Aqaliyyatil Muslimah Fi Xinjiang (Dirasah Tahliliyyah Tathbiqiyyah)

This research is based on the suffering of Muslims in Xinjiang because of the Chinese government's oppression, especially in the application of Sharia and religious practices. They experience oppression, suppression, and restrictions in carrying out the Shari'a as Muslims, so they are unable to apply the Shari'a and carry out the practice of worship properly. The main points of the problem formulation in this research are as follows: How is the current condition of minority Muslims in Xinjiang in relation to the implementation of syaritat? How is the implementation of contemporary fiqh for Muslims in Xinjiang, especially in terms of prayer, fasting, and covering aurat for Muslim women? The objectives of this study are as follows: First, to find out the actual condition of minority Muslims in Xinjiang in relation to the implementation of sharia. Second, knowing the implementation of contemporary fiqh of minority Muslims in Xinjiang which is related to prayer, fasting and covering the genitals of Muslim women. The method used by the author in this study is the method of tahliliyyah / analysis and tathbiqiyah / implementation. In the tahliliyyah / analysis method, the author takes a field study by coming to Xinjiang Province, China to find out the real conditions experienced by Muslims in Xinjiang. The author also complements the data and information obtained from the mass media written by journalists. In the tathbiqiyah / implementation method, the author collects information by reading and studying books, scientific works, journals related to the implementation of contemporary fiqh in minority Muslims or better known as Minority Fiqh. The results of this study are as follows: First, Muslims in Xinjiang are not well. They experience oppression, suppression, and prohibition in the application of sharia and worship practices. Second, the implementation of Contemporary Fiqh for Minority Muslims in Xinjiang, especially on the issue of prayer, fasting, and covering the genitals for Muslim women can be applied, given their conditions that are different from normal conditions

DESCONTMARKS: scale development and validation

In order to attract more tourists to visit a particular place, destination content marketing plays an important role. Tourism research has recently shown an interest in destination content marketing; especially when tourism destination is advertised. Currently, there is no scale available to measure content marketing for promoting tourism destination. The present study has two primary objectives. First, to investigate the dimension of destination content marketing in destination related context. Second, to develop and validate a multiple-item scale for measuring content marketing towards tourism destination. This study uses a rigorous scale development technique which involves three stages of scale development using 3 separate studies. The study confirms that destination content marketing scale (DESCONTMARKS) comprises of three dimensions, measured with 10 items. The implications of the destination content marketing scale for practitioners, as well as suggestions for future research are provided

Gender and age differences in choice of holiday destination: case of Langkawi, Malaysia

While gender and age are considered as important demographic factors in tourism segmentation, lack of attention has been given by tourism researchers. Moreover, gender and age analysis within tourism studies are still limited, particularly in the context of choice of destination. The aim of this paper is to examine the role of gender and age in determining the destination choice. Langkawi has been chosen as a location for the study due to its popularity among the local and international tourist. Survey questionnaire is used as a tool for data collection. A total of 529 Langkawi holidaymakers participated in the study. T-test and ANOVA has been employed to analyse the data. The findings indicate that gender and age both influence Langkawi being chosen as a holiday destination. Male and female consumers place different emphasis on the selection of Langkawi as a destination of choice. These findings suggest that tourism advertisers and destination promoters need to be aware of different needs and wants of both males and females. However, tourists of different ages evaluate Langkawi similarly, which marketers can use a variety of promotion packages for all age group. The study's practical implications and limitations are discussed

Glycemic Responses, Appetite Ratings and Gastrointestinal Hormone Responses of Most Common Breads Consumed in Spain. A Randomized Control Trial in Healthy Humans

The present study was carried out to determine the glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), insulinemic index (InI), appetite ratings and postprandial plasma concentrations of gastrointestinal hormones related to the control of food intake after the ingestion of the five most common breads consumed in Spain with different compositions and manufacturing processes. Twenty-two healthy adults participated in a randomized crossover study. The breads tested were Ordinary, Precooked-Frozen, Candeal-flour, Alfacar whites and Wholemeal. All breads portions were calculated to supply 50 g of available carbohydrates. In addition, 50 g of glucose was used as a reference. A linear mixed-effects model was used to compare data calculated for all breads with glucose load. The GI value varied from 61 for the Wholemeal, to Alfacar 68, Ordinary 76, and 78 and 86 for the Precooked-Frozen and Candeal-flour breads, respectively. Wholemeal and Alfacar had lower GI than glucose. All tested breads had a lower GL (ranged 9 to 18) compared with glucose. Wholemeal GL was similar to Alfacar, but lower than the other white breads. InI were significantly lower for all breads (ranged 68 to 73) compared with glucose, and similar among them. The intake of the Wholemeal bread led to a higher release of gastric inhibitory polypeptide compared with the Ordinary and Precooked breads and to a higher release of pancreatic polypeptide compared with the Precooked-Frozen bread. All breads affected appetite ratings similarly. In conclusion, based on GL, the Wholemeal bread would be expected to exert a favorable glycemic response

Microstructure and Deformation of 57Fe17Cr25NiSi Austenitic Super Alloy after Arc Plasma Sintering

The microstructure and deformation of 57Fe17Cr25NiSi super alloy are investigated in this study. The super alloy was produced from a mixture of granular ferro-scrap, ferro chrome, ferro silicon and ferro manganese raw materials by the casting method and then sintered using arc plasma for 4 and 8 minutes. The super alloy has been proposed in nuclear as well as fossil power plant facilities, such as vessels and heat exchangers. A combination of microscopy investigations by means of X-ray diffraction and high-resolution powder diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy techniques was conducted in order to obtain detailed information about the deformation of super alloy steel and its microstructures, especially fine structures. It was found that the austenitic super alloy microstructure is composed of dendrites of g-austenite, which are separated by a eutectic structure of Fe-Cr-C alloy. Arc plasma sintering for 4 to 8 minutes leads to a decrease in the area of the eutectic structure at the inter-dendrites and forms micro straine, from 4.60×10-3 to 5.39-4.06×10-4

The management of tetanus in adults in an intensive care unit in Southern Vietnam

Background: Tetanus remains common in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) yet the evidence base guiding management of this disease is extremely limited, particularly with respect to contemporary management options. Sharing knowledge about practice may facilitate improvement in outcomes elsewhere. Methods: We describe clinical interventions and outcomes of 180 adult patients ≥16 years-old with tetanus enrolled in prospective observational studies at a specialist infectious diseases hospital in Southern Vietnam. Patients were treated according to a holistic management protocol encompassing wound-care, antitoxin, antibiotics, symptom control, airway management, nutrition and de-escalation criteria. Results: Mortality rate in our cohort was 2.8%, with 90 (50%) patients requiring mechanical ventilation for a median 16 [IQR 12-24] days. Median [IQR] duration of ICU stay was 15 [8-23] days. Autonomic nervous system dysfunction occurred in 45 (25%) patients. Hospital acquired infections occurred in 77 (43%) of patients. Conclusion: We report favourable outcomes for patients with tetanus in a single centre LMIC ICU, treated according to a holistic protocol. Nevertheless, many patients required prolonged intensive care support and hospital acquired infections were common