158 research outputs found
Recent Extensions of the Gift
In this essay, Alain Caillé reconstructs the “singular history of the MAUSS (Anti-Utilitarian Movement in the Social Sciences)” from when in early 1980 a group of friends from different disciplines (sociologists, economists, philosophers, etc.) decided to found the “Bulletin du MAUSS” to counter the growing hegemony of utilitarianism and economism in the human sciences and in the philosophical disciplines themselves. The Bulletin would initially become the “Revue du MAUSS trimestrielle” from 1988 to 1992 and from 1993 to 2022 the “Revue du MAUSS semestrielle” until its current anglophone extension “MAUSS International”. The author takes Marcel Mauss’ definition of the gift as a “total social fact” and explains that the gift paradigm is a “translation operator” in the sense that it is continuously enriched in interaction with existing discourses. The theoretical operation that Caillé proposes is to explicate Mauss’s discovery by moving from a simple gift paradigm, based on the perspective of simple reciprocity between giver and recipient, to an expanded gift paradigm. In this way, it can dialogue with other paradigms and other currents of thought (theory of recognition, theory of care, theory of human development, etc.). And from here to a conception of the gift as “adonnement”, i.e. the commitment of human subjects to bring something new and unprecedented into the world
Salir de la economĂa.
Sin resume
Marcel Mauss et le paradigme du don
Pourquoi Marcel Mauss, le neveu mais surtout l’hĂ©ritier spirituel et institutionnel de Durkheim, n’est-il guère mentionnĂ© dans les histoires usuelles de la pensĂ©e sociologique alors que, comme Simmel avec qui il a tant de traits en commun, il mĂ©riterait d’y figurer au premier rang ? Sans doute parce que son horreur de l’esprit de système et de l’abstraction l’a empĂŞchĂ© d’expliciter ses positions thĂ©oriques et Ă©pistĂ©mologiques. Cet article entreprend de les dĂ©gager et de montrer comment en liant Ă©troitement la dĂ©couverte du don (la triple obligation de donner, recevoir et rendre) et celle de la puissance du symbolisme, elle dessine les contours d’un tiers paradigme, seul Ă mĂŞme d’échapper aux impasses respectives du holisme et de l’individualisme mĂ©thodologiques.How is it that Marcel Mauss, Durkheim’s nephew but above all his spiritual and institutional heir, is hardly ever mentioned in the standard histories of sociological thought whereas, like Simmel with whom he has so much in common, he should be ranked among the greatest? Probably because his horror of the spirit of systems and abstractions prevented him from explaining his theoretical and epistemological stands. This paper sets out to reveal them and to show how, by closely linking the discovery of the gift (the triple obligation of giving-receiving and returning) and that of the power of symbolism, the outlines of a third paradigm are traced, the only one to avoid the respective impasses of holism and methodological individualism.ÂżPor quĂ© Marcel Mauss, el sobrino pero sobre todo el heredero espiritual e institucional de Durkheim es apenas mencionado en las historias usuales del pensamiento sociolĂłgico mientras que, como Simmel con el que tiene tantas caracterĂsticas en comĂşn, merecerĂa figurar en primera fila? Sin duda porque su horror del espĂritu de sistema y de la abstracciĂłn le ha impedido aclarar sus posiciones teĂłricas y epistemĂłlogicas. Este artĂculo comienza a despejarlos y a mostrar cĂłmo al vincular estrechamente el descubrimiento del don (la triple obligaciĂłn de dar-recibir y devolver) y Ă©ste de la potencia del simbolismo, ella dibuja los contornos de un tercer paradigma, sĂłlo a condiciĂłn de escapar a los respectivos impases del holismo y del individualismo metodolĂłgico
En hommage à Gérald Berthoud. Note sur la petite histoire du MAUSS (Mouvement anti-utilitariste en sciences sociales à l’usage des jeunes générations)
Prologue J’ai déjà raconté ailleurs, et notamment dans Critique de la raison utilitaire (La Découverte, 1989, rééd. 2003), comment le MAUSS, le Mouvement anti-utilitariste en sciences sociales, et la revue du même nom étaient nés, en 1981, à la suite d’une rencontre entre Berthoud et moi lors d’un colloque sur le don organisé au Centre Thomas More à l’Arbresle, où nous nous étions retrouvés l’un et l’autre étonnés et solidaires face au discours de la quasi-totalité des intervenants, économist..
Riconoscimento e sociologia
Abstract not availabl
Quelle dette de vie ?
À propos de : Michel Aglietta & André Orléan, s. dir., La Monnaie souveraine. Paris, Éditions Odile Jabob, 1998
Au-delĂ du marxisme et du capitalisme.
Abstract not availabl
O princĂpio de razĂŁo, o utilitarismo e o antiutilitarismo
In this article, it's demonstrated how certain notions derived from the Rationalism and utilized in Social Sciences are strongly determinated by the utilitarian tradition and, therefore, the very concept of rationality, in practice, bears uncertain limits given its subordination to the concept of interested calculation. Criticism aiming at the utilitarian rationality is complex as far as different meanings for utilitarism are at stake: a practical level, such as the economical utilitarism preaching the satisfaction of primary and egoistic material interests; a theoretical level, proposing that all human beings are, by nature, egoistic and calculators; and a normative level, creating a tie between Justice and the satisfaction of a huger number of individuals. Criticism to these thesis leads the author to remind Marcel Mauss contribution to settle a new paradigme based on the concept of donation. Mauss' text is a fundamental one to understand the passage of a antiutilistarist negative criticism to another antiutilitarist positive criticism, supported by this new paradigme.Dans cet article, on cherche Ă demontrer que les notions de raison utilitaire dans les sciences sociales sont bien determinĂ©es par la tradition utilitariste et que, par consĂ©quent, dans la pratique, le concept de rationalitĂ© connaĂ®t des limites donnĂ©s para sa subordination au calcul interessĂ©. Mas la critique Ă la rationalitĂ© utilitariste est complexe car il existe diffĂ©rentes registres de l'utilitarisme: celui pratique, par exemple le cas de l'utilitarisme economiste qui propose la satisfaction première des intĂ©rĂŞts egoistes materiaux; celui thĂ©orique, d'après lequel l'ĂŞtre humain est Ă©goiste par nature; et celui normatif qui relie l'idĂ©al de justice Ă la satisfaction du plus grand nombre. La critique aux thèses utilitaristes mène l'auteur Ă rappeler la contribution de Marcel Mauss pour la fondation d'un tiers paradigme, celui du don. Enfin, ce texte est dĂ©cisif pour que l'on puisse comprendre le passage d'une critique antiuilititariste negative pour une autre, antiutilitariste positive, qui se fonde sur la crĂ©ation du nouveau paradigme.Neste artigo, procura-se demonstrar que as noções de razĂŁo utilizadas nas ciĂŞncias sociais sĂŁo largamente determinadas pela tradição utilitarista e que, por conseguinte, na prática, o conceito de racionalidade tem limites discutĂveis dados pela subordinação do mesmo Ă questĂŁo do cálculo interessado. Mas a crĂtica Ă racionalidade utilitarista Ă© complexa na medida em que existem diferentes registros do utilitarismo: o prático, como Ă© o caso do utilitarismo economicista que prega a satisfação primeira de interesses egoĂstas materiais; o teĂłrico, que propõe serem todos os homens egoĂstas e calculistas por natureza; e o normativo, que vincula o ideal de justiça Ă satisfação do maior nĂşmero de indivĂduos. A crĂtica Ă s teses utilitaristas leva o autor a lembrar a contribuição de Marcel Mauss na fundação de um novo paradigma, o da dádiva. Enfim, este texto Ă© fundamental para se compreender a passagem de uma crĂtica antiutilitarista negativa para uma outra, antiutilitarista positiva, que se apoia na criação do novo paradigma
Il riconoscimento oggi: le poste in gioco di un concetto
Abstract not availabl
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