Malware Detection and Analysis Tools

The huge amounts of data and information that need to be analyzed for possible malicious intent are one ofthe big and significant challenges that the Web faces today. Malicious software, also referred to as malware developed by attackers, is polymorphic and metamorphic in nature which can modify the code as it spreads.In addition, the diversity and volume of their variants severely undermine the effectiveness of traditional defenses that typically use signature-based techniques and are unable to detect malicious executables previously unknown. Malware family variants share typical patterns of behavior that indicate their origin and purpose. The behavioral trends observed either statically or dynamically can be manipulated by usingmachine learning techniques to identify and classify unknown malware into their established families. Thissurvey paper gives an overview of the malware detection and analysis techniques and tools

A Comprehensive Study of Various Techniques for Big Data Analytics in Healthcare

'Enormous information' is gigantic measures of data that can do something amazing. Different hotspots for massive data in the medical care business include emergency clinical assessment outcomes, clinic data, patient clinical records and IoT gadgets. Biomedical examination also generates a significant amount of substantial data that is useful to public health services. As a result, several businesses, including the medical care industry, are figuring out how to transform this potential into improved services and financial profits. Modern medical service associations may upset clinical therapies (treatments) and personalized medication with a robust blend of bio-medical and medical services information. Huge Data examination can work on understanding results, advance and customize care, further develop supplier associations with patients, and lessen clinical spending. This paper discuss analytic techniques used in Big Data healthcare

Securing the Cloud: A Critical Appraisal of Data Security Strategies

Cloud computing, a paradigm shift in the evolution of the internet, has garnered significant attention. However, security remains a primary concern, hindering its widespread adoption. Cloud computing essentially transfers user data and applications to remote data centers, where users relinquish control, and data management practices may not always adhere to the highest security standards. This unique characteristic of cloud computing raises a multitude of security concerns that warrant careful consideration and understanding. One of the most crucial and prevalent security concerns is the potential exposure of user data and applications stored on service provider premises. In this article, an attempt is made to review the literature in this area of research

Characterization of persistent organic pollutants and culturable and non-culturable bacterial communities in pulp and paper sludge after secondary treatment

Due to the presence of various organic contaminants, improper disposal of pulp-paper wastewater poses harm to the environment and human health. In this work, pulp-paper sludge (PPS) after secondary treatment were collected from M/s Century Pulp-paper Mills in India, the chemical nature of the organic pollutants was determined after solvent extraction. All the isolates were able to produce lipase (6.34–3.93 U ml− 1) which could account for the different fatty acids detected in the PPS. The dominant strains were in the classes of α and γ Proteobacteria followed by Firmicutes. The Shannon-Weiner diversity indexes for phylotype richness for the culturable and non-culturable bacterial community were 2.01 and 3.01, respectively, indicating the non- culturable bacterial strains has higher species richness and diversity compared to the culturable bacterial strains. However, the culturable strains had higher species evenness (0.94 vs 0.90). Results suggested only a few isolated strains were resistant to the POPs in the PPS, whereas non-cultural bacteria survived by entering viable but non-cultural state. The isolated strains (Brevundimonas diminuta, Aeromonas punctata, Enterobacter hormaechei, Citrobacter braakii, Bacillus pumilus and Brevundimonas terrae) are known for their multidrug resistance but their tolerance to POPs have not previously been reported and deserved further investigation. The findings of this research established the presence of POPs which influence the microbial population. Tertiary treatment is recommended prior to the safe disposal of pulp paper mill waste into the environment

Effect of stabilizer on optical band gap of ZnO and their performance in dye-sensitized solar cells

ABSTRACT. In dye-sensitized solar cells, transparent metal oxide working electrodes play a vital role in defining the power conversion efficiency. It was found that the size of nanoparticles influences the electrical, optical properties of these electrodes. Herein, we describe the synthesis of ZnO with zinc acetate dihydrate and different stabilizers (diethylamine and triethylamine) by using a modified solvothermal process. The obtained materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, HRTEM, UV-visible, FTIR, and Raman methods. The crystallite sizes for ZnO-1 and ZnO-2 samples were indexed as 39.0 and 40.5 nm for the highest peak intensity with diethylamine and triethylamine stabilizer, respectively. We examine the effect of stabilizers on the morphology, optical band gap, and photovoltaic performance of the prepared ZnO. We found that ZnO prepared using diethylamine stabilizer exhibiting significant efficiency of 1.45%, open-circuit voltage 0.454 V, short-circuit current density 2.128 mA/cm2, and 0.66 fill factor were achieved under 44 mW/cm2 illumination powers with dye-3.                 KEY WORDS: Dye-sensitized solar cells, ZnO, Band gap, Photovoltaic performance   Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(1), 209-222.                                                        DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i1.17                                                     &nbsp

Pest categorisation of Witches' broom disease of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) phytoplasma

The EFSA Panelon Plant Health performed a pest categorisation for the Witches' broom disease of lime (Citrusaurantifolia) phytoplasma for the EU territory. The pest has been reported in a few countries in the Middle East and is not known to occur in the EU. The disease is caused by a well-defined phytoplasma strain in the Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia' species, for which efficient molecular detection assays are available. The most important known natural host is Citrusaurantifolia, which is only grown for ornamental purposes in the EU. Sweet limes, rough lemon and trifoliate orange are also naturally infected by that phytoplasma. The latter can be transmitted by grafting also to some citrus species. Other citrus species were reported to be resistant; however, their susceptibility has been assessed only by symptom observations, and the possible presence of phytoplasmas in symptomless plants cannot be ruled out. The phytoplasma is transmitted by the leafhopper Hishimonusphycitis, which is not known to occur in the EU. There is no information on the vector status of other phloem feeding insects of citrus present in the EU. The pest is listed in Annex IIAI of Directive 2000/29/EC. The main pathways for entry, plants for planting and the vector insect, are closed by existing legislation on import of citrus plants. Nevertheless, should the pest enter, it could establish and spread. In countries where Witches' broom disease of lime (WBDL) is present, it has significant impact. The main knowledge gaps concern (1) and vertical transmission of the phytoplasma to H.phycitis eggs (2) lack of information regarding susceptibility of citrus crops grown in the EU (3) status of potential insect vectors in the EU. Therefore, the WBDL phytoplasma meets the criteria assessed by EFSA for consideration as a potential Union quarantine pest

Pseudo-no-Reflow Phenomenon in Carotid Artery Stenting using FilterWire EX: Successful Recovery by Aspiration Thrombectomy

Distal protection devices such as FilterWire EX have been widely used in carotid artery stenting, however, the large amount of atherothrombotic debris entrapped in the filter could reduce or stop antegrade flow. We present a case of pseudo-no-reflow phenomenon after postdilatation of the stent in a patient with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. After several passes using an Export Aspiration catheter, normal flow in the internal carotid artery was restored. Aspiration thrombectomy can successfully recover pseudo-no-reflow phenomenon

A Survey of Resource Allocation Techniques for Cellular Network’s Operation in the Unlicensed Band

With an ever increasing demand for data, better and efficient spectrum operation has become crucial in cellular networks. In this paper, we present a detailed survey of various resource allocation schemes that have been considered for the cellular network’s operation in the unlicensed spectrum. The key channel access mechanisms for cellular network’s operation in the unlicensed bands are discussed. The various channel selection techniques are explored and their operation explained. The prime issue of fairness between cellular and Wi-Fi networks is discussed, along with suitable resource allocation techniques that help in achieving this fairness. We analyze the coverage, capacity, and impact of coordination in LTE-U systems. Furthermore, we study and discuss the impact and discussed the impact of various traffic type, environments, latency, handover, and scenarios on LTE-U’s performance. The new upcoming 5G New Radio and MulteFire is briefly described along with some of the critical aspects of LTE-U which require further research. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Impact of hydrodynamic conditions on optimum power generation in dual stage pressure retarded osmosis using spiral-wound membrane

The Dual Stage Pressure Retarded Osmosis technique is considered for power generation. The influence of feed flow rates, hydraulic pressure, and pressure drop on mass transfer and solute diffusion in a full-scale membrane model was investigated for the first time to maximize power generation. Dead Sea-seawater, Dead Sea-reverse osmosis brine, reverse osmosis brine-wastewater, and seawater-wastewater salinity gradient resources were investigated for power generation. Results revealed a 71.07% increase in the specific power generation due to the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis process optimization using Dead Sea-seawater salinity gradient resources. The increase in the specific power generation due to the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis optimization was 108.8%, 63.18%, and 133.54%, respectively, for Dead Sea-reverse osmosis brine, reverse osmosis brine-wastewater, and seawater-wastewater salinity gradient resources. At optimum operating conditions, using the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis process as an alternative to the single pressure retarded osmosis process achieved up to a 22% increase in the energy output. Interestingly, the hydraulic pressure at optimum operating conditions was slightly higher than the average osmotic pressure gradients in the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis process. The study also revealed that power generation in the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis process operating at constant mass transfer and solute resistivity parameters was overestimated by 2.8%

Surface structure of the Ag-In-(rare earth) complex intermetallics

We present a study of the surface structure of the Ag-In-RE (RE: rare-earth elements Gd, Tb, and Yb) complex intermetallics using scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The surface of the Ag-In-Yb approximant prepared by sputter-annealing methods under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions produces a flat (100) surface with no facets. However, the Ag-In-Gd and Ag-In-Tb 1/1 approximants, which have a surface miscut of about 12∘ relative to the (100) plane, develop surface facets along various crystallographic directions. The structure of each facet can be explained as a truncation of the rhombic triacontahedral clusters, i.e., the main building blocks of these systems. Despite their differences in atomic structure, symmetry, and density, the facets show common features. The facet planes are In rich. The analysis of the nearest-neighbor atom distances suggests that In atoms form bonds with the RE atoms, which we suggest is a key factor that stabilizes even low-density facet planes