On the binary linear constant weight codes and their autormorphism groups

We give a characterization for the binary linear constant weight codes by using the symmetric difference of the supports of the codewords. This characterization gives a correspondence between the set of binary linear constant weight codes and the set of partitions for the union of supports of the codewords. By using this correspondence, we present a formula for the order of the automorphism group of a binary linear constant weight code in terms of its parameters. This formula is a key step to determine more algebraic structures on constant weight codes with given parameters. Bonisoli [Bonisoli, A.: Every equidistant linear code is a sequence of dual Hamming codes. Ars Combinatoria 18, 181--186 (1984)] proves that the $q$-ary linear constant weight codes with the same parameters are equivalent (for the binary case permutation equivalent). We also give an alternative proof for Bonisoli's theorem by presenting an explicit permutation on symmetric difference of the supports of the codewords which gives the permutation equivalence between the binary linear constant weight codes.Comment: 12 page

Gammarus sezgini sp. nov. (Arthropoda, Amphipoda, Gammaridae), a new amphipod species from the Eastern Black Sea region of Türkiye

A new amphipod species belonging to the genus Gammarus was identified in the rivers of the Eastern Black Sea Region of Türkiye: G. sezgini sp. nov. The authors described the new species using a taxonomic approach that combines morphological and molecular data. The newly identified species belongs to the G. komareki species complex because of the setation of antenna 2, pereopods 3 and 4, and the uropod 3. Some of its characteristic features are as follows: A medium-large species (holotype male, 9.8 mm). The body is yellowish; no dorsal keel or hump; eyes well developed, kidney-shaped; extremities not elongated; the second antenna bears numerous groups of long setae on the peduncle and flagellar segments; antennal gland cone long, not curved; the posterior margin of pereopod 3 is densely setose; the setae on the posterior edge of pereopod 4 are shorter and fewer in number; the anterior margins of pereopods 5 to 7 bear spines in the male; epimeral plates are not pointed. The newly identified species looks similar to G. komareki but differs from it by having a longer antennal gland cone, having fewer D-setae (33) in the third segment of the mandible palp, having shorter setae on the ventral part of the peduncular segment of the antenna 2, and having longer antenna 1, having fewer setae along the posterior margins of pereopods 3 and 4, and the absence of setae along the anterior margins of merus and carpus of pereopod 7. The new species is distinct from its relatives by high genetic distance (COI: 17.10% and 28S: 0.88%) and was resolved from them as an independent lineage with high support (ML: 78%, NJ: 70%, and BI: 1.0) in all phylogenetic results, based on the concatenated dataset (28S+COI). Additionally, species delimitation analyses (ASAP and PTP) based on the COI gene supported the conclusion that the new species constitutes an independent lineage. Detailed descriptions and drawings of the male holotype and the female allotype are given, and the morphology of the newly identified species is compared with that of its relatives

Optimal row-column designs for treatment control comparisons

Ankara : The Department of Industrial Engineering and the Institute of Engineering and Science of Bilkent Univ., 1997.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 1997.Includes bibliographical references leaves 36-38.Problem of comparing a set of test treatments with a control or standard treatment arises in many applications. In the literature, there exist a number of alternative design settings available for the situation being considered. Problem is to choose one among several alternatives which is best in some sense. In this thesis, we considered two-way elimination of heterogeneity model with simultaneous confidence coefficient criterion. A procedure for making exact joint confidence statements for multiple comparisons with a control was described and some methods for the construction of the Balanced Treatment Row-Column Designs (BTRCD ’s) were given. Finally, tables of optimal BTRCD’s were provided for practical range of parameter values.Aksu, MuratM.S

Topiramate Induced Restless Legs Syndrome: Case Report

Several medications can exacerbate or cause Restless Legs syndrome (RLS). Topiramate is an antiepileptic drug used to epilepsy and migraine treatment. In literature, number of case with topiramate induced RLS is very rare. Herein, we present the case with topiramate induced RLS, in which the case takes to topiramate for migraine prophylaxis. However, how topiramate causes RLS is exactly unknown. Probably, topiramate has an antidopaminergic effect

Gökçeadaya Gelen Turistlerin Beklenti ve Tatmin Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması

A survey research about the expectations and satisfaction levels of tourists visiting Gökçeada was conducted in 2005, based on a questionnaire. The general conclusion was that tourists visiting Gökçeada were mostly disappointed about the night-life, historical buildings and seaside facilities. Besides the cleanliness and hygiene, it was also noticed that transportation and communication were the other main problems. Factor analysis showed that most of the discontent emanated from superstructure, infrastructure, and cultural attractiveness respectively. Cluster analysis applied to factors resulted in three groups, the profiles of which have been submitted in the article. For Gökçeada, it is suggested that promotional efforts should be focused on groups who are mainly from Istanbul, have respectively low income, gather information before their visit, stay for 1 to 5 nights at most and have a great tendency to repeat visit. Gökçeada'ya gelen turistlerin beklentileri ile beklentilerinin karsılanma düzeyine iliskin 2005 yılında ankete dayalı bir arastırma yapılmıstır. Gökçeada'ya gelenlerin, çekicilikler konusunda, beklentilerine kıyasla en fazla gece hayatı, tarihsel binalar ve deniz-plaj olanaklarında hayal kırıklıgı yasadıkları anlasılmıstır. Ulasım ve iletisim konusunda önemli bir hosnutsuzluk yasanırken, temizlik ve hijyen konuları da dikkat çeken hususlardır. Faktör analizi, en fazla hosnutsuzlugun üst yapı tesis ve hizmetleri ile ilgili oldugunu, bunu alt yapı konuları ile kültürel çekiciliklerin izledigini ortaya koymustur. Kümeleme analizine göre, Gökçeada'ya gelenlerin profili, makalede sunulan üç grupta incelenebilmektedir. Gökçeada açısından, 3stanbul'dan gelen, göreceli olarak düsük gelirli, gelmeden önce bilgi toplayan, genelde 1-5 arası geceleme yapan ve tekrar gelme egilimi fazla olan grup üzerinde tutundurma faaliyetlerinin yogunlastırılması önerilmektedir

Sleep-Related Eating Disorder (SRED) in a Patient Admitted with Weight Gain Due to Eating Periods During Sleep

Sleep related eating disorder (SRED) is classified as a parasomnia seen mostly during non-REM sleep stage. Clinical complications of SRED are obesity and metabolic disease. Although SRED is seen in approximately 5% of the general population, it is thought that SRED is most often underdiagnosed. Herein, we present a case of SRED

The prognostic relationship of 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic and volumetric parameters in metastatic ALK plus NSCLC

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to determine the role of metabolic and volumetric parameters obtained from 18Fluorine-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) imaging on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced nonsquamous cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement.MethodsPre and post-treatment PET/CT images of the ALK + NSCLC patients between January 2015 and July 2020 were evaluated. The highest standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) values were obtained from pre-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) basal PET/CT (PETpre) and post-TKI PET/CT (PETpost) images. Total MTV (tMTV) and total TLG (tTLG) values were calculated by summing MTV and TLG values in all tumor foci. The change (Delta) in pSUVmax, pMTV, pTLG, tMTV and tTLG before and after treatment was calculated.The relationship of these parameters with OS and PFS was analyzed.ResultstTLG(pre), tMTV(pre), pTLG(pre), pMTV(pre), increment SUVmax, increment tMTV and increment tTLG values were found to be associated with OS; increment tMTV, increment tTLG, tTLG(pre), tMTV(pre), pTLG(pre) and pMTV(pre) were associated with PFS. The cutoff values in both predicting OS and PFS were calculated as -31.6 and 391.1 for increment tMTV and tTLG(pre), respectively. In Cox regression analysis, increment tMTV and stage for OS and increment tMTV and tTLGpre for PFS were obtained as prognostic factors.ConclusionsMetabolic and volumetric parameters, especially TLG values in the whole body before treatment and change in whole body MTV value, obtained from PET/CT may be useful in predicting prognosis and determining treatment strategies for patients with advanced ALK + NSCLC

A new freshwater amphipod (Amphipoda, Gammaridae) from the Fakıllı Cave, Düzce Türkiye: Gammarus kunti sp. nov.

Aquatic species (such as fish, amphipods, isopods, hirudineans etc.) adapted to environmental conditions can live in caves connected to groundwater. The species of Niphargus and Gammarus are the most commonly encountered amphipods in caves. Türkiye is very rich in terms of karst areas and is home to more than 2000 known caves. Fakıllı Cave, located in Düzce Province in the Western Anatolian Region, has a length of 1071 m. A new amphipod species belonging to the Gammarus genus has been identified from the cave and named as Gammarus kunti sp. nov. Some of the characteristic features of the newly-identified species can be listed as “Medium-large size; smooth body, well-developed and reniform eyes; non-prolonged extremities; antennal gland cone is straight and long; second antenna with setose peduncular and flagellar segments; medial palmar spine present; posterior margin of pereopod 3 densely setose; anterior margins of pereopods 6 and 7 armed with spines only; epimeral plates not pointed”. Although the mentioned features are generally seen in epigean species, the members of this species were sampled from the dark zone of the Fakıllı Cave. The partial sequences of the COI (573 bp) and 28S (914 bp) genes of the newly-described species, Gammarus kunti sp. nov., were generated. The pairwise genetic distances between the new species, Gammarus kunti sp. nov. and other species ranged from a minimum of 16.23% (G. tumaf) to a maximum of 28.27% (G. roeselii) for the COI gene and a minimum of 0.88% (G. tumaf) to a maximum of 6.81% (G. balcanicus) for the 28S gene. Phylogenies generated by the NJ and ML methods, based on the combined data, assigned the new species as an independent lineage with high support values. In addition, the ASAP method identified the new species as a single MOTU independent of other species. G. tumaf and G. baysali are the sister taxa of G. kunti sp. nov. Detailed descriptions and drawings of the extremities of the male holotype and the female allotype are given and the morphology of the newly-identified species is compared with its relatives

Altered cooperativeness in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed to compare temperament and character traits between patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and age-body mass index-matched healthy controls (HC). We hypothesized that patient with PCOS would differ in terms of temperament and character traits compared with HCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty patients who were diagnosed with PCOS and 42 age-body mass index-matched healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. The groups were compared in terms of temperament and character traits and anxiety status with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-1 and STAI-2). FINDINGS: There was a statistically significant difference between patient and the control group in terms of cooperativeness dimension (t = ?2.81; p = 0.006). It was a lower mean in the PCOS group (20.98 ± 2.992). In addition, scores of STAI-1 and STAI-2 were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared with the HC group (respectively; t = 5.70; p < 0.001; t = 2.12; p = 0.037). The score of cooperativeness and multivariate analysis of variance was found to be significantly lower in the PCOS group. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PCOS had significant a different character trait such as lower cooperativeness compared with HC. Additionally, we found that this different character dimension would be a trait in PCOS after covariant analysis. We suggest that our result supported the psychiatric background of PCOS. © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

A life-threatening problem occurring in the canalis inguinalis in children: Incarcerated hernia

Amaç: Çocuklarda görülen en sık cerrahi hastalık kasık fıtıklarıdır ve %5-18 oranında boğulma riski taşır. Bu çalışmada bebek ve çocuklarda görülen boğulmuş kasık fıtığının klinik özellikleri incelendi. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Ocak 1994-Haziran 2006 döneminde boğulmuş kasık fıtığı nedeniyle takip ve tedavi edilen 33 çocuk olgunun (30 erkek, 3 kız; ort. yaş 2; dağılım 20 gün-6 yaş) kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Kasıkta şişlik (n=33), kusma (n=19) ve skrotumda krepitasyon (n=10) en sık görülen semptomlardı. Olgulardan 26'sında elle geri itme girişimi başarılı oldu ancak yedi olguda acil cerrahi girişim yapılması gerekti. Fıtık kesesinde en çok sıkışan organ ince bağırsaklardı (n=22). Olgulardan üçünde testis iskemisi, ikisinde ince bağırsak, birinde ise kalın bağırsak iskemisi gelişmişti. Boğulmuş kasık fıtığı nedeniyle iki hasta (%6.0) kaybedildi. Sonuç: Bölgemizde boğulmuş kasık fıtığı olgularının hastaneye getirilmesinin geciktirildiği düşüncesindeyiz. Çocuklarda kasık fıtığı görüldüğünde mümkün olan en kısa zamanda ameliyat edilmelidir. Böylece boğulmuş kasık fıtığının yol açtığı yaşamsal sorunlar ortadan kaldırılmış olacaktır.Objectives: Inguinal hernia is the most common surgical disorder in childhood and is associated with 5-18 % incarceration risk. The clinical features of incarcerated inguinal hernia in infants and children were assessed. Patients and Methods: The medical records of 33 pediatric cases (30 males, 3 females; mean age 2 years; range 20 days-6 years) treated and followed up in our hospital for incarcerated inguinal hernia in the period of January 1994 and June 2006 were retrospectivelye evaluated. Results: The most frequent symptoms were inguinal lump (n=33), vomiting (n=19) and crepitation of the scrotum (n=10). Manual reduction of hernia was successful in 26 cases and 7 of them underwent emergency hernia repair. Small bowel was the most frequent incarcerated organ (n=22). Testicular ischemia developed in 3 patients, partial small bowel ischemia in 2, and colon ischemia in one patient. Two patients (6%) died due to incarcerated inguinal hernia. Conclusion: We think that in our region, cases of incarcerated inguinal hernia are admitted to the hospital with delay. The children with inguinal hernia should be operated as soon as possible. Life-threatening complications of incarcerated inguinal hernia may thus be prevented