The species of 8-methoxy-psoralen in hydrophobic and hydrophilic environments and its solubilization in neutral and charged micelles

8-methoxy-psoralen (8MOP), was studied with UV absorption spectroscopy at room temperature and steady state and time-resolved emission spectroscopic techniques at 77 K. UV absorption spectra were interpreted with the aid of molecular orbital calculations using AM1/MOPAC-93 and HAM/3-CI methods. There exist different species depending upon environments. Each one of them displays quite distinct photophysical properties. The following species were found: in methylcyclohexane, the molecular aggregation and monomer were found; in ethanol, hydrogen bonding complex (HBC) between 8MOP and ethanol; in ethanol plus 3,3,3,1,1,1-hexafluoroisopropanol, a strong hydrogen bonding complex (SHBC) in buffer solution (pH = 7.0, I = 0.1 M), a strong hydrophobic aggregation (SHA) and in buffer solution (pH = 8.5. I = 0.25 M) monomer from SHA. We used the anionic, cationic and neutral micellar solutions to mimic a biological membrane, The species of 8MOP in anionic, cationic and neutral micelles solution is the monomer that penetrates into the interior of micelle staying anchored to its hydrophobic region forming SHBC. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.974173223724

Notes for genera – Ascomycota

Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi, has developed rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques, over the past 10--15 years, and continues to accelerate. Several genera have been found to be polyphyletic, and their generic concepts have subsequently been emended. New names have thus been introduced for species which are phylogenetically distinct from the type species of particular genera. The ending of the separate naming of morphs of the same species in 2011, has also caused changes in fungal generic names. In order to facilitate access to all important changes, it was desirable to compile these in a single document. The present article provides a list of generic names of Ascomycota (approximately 6500 accepted names published to the end of 2016), including those which are lichen-forming. Notes and summaries of the changes since the last edition of `Ainsworth Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi' in 2008 are provided. The notes include the number of accepted species, classification, type species (with location of the type material), culture availability, life-styles, distribution, and selected publications that have appeared since 2008. This work is intended to provide the foundation for updating the ascomycete component of the ``Without prejudice list of generic names of Fungi'' published in 2013, which will be developed into a list of protected generic names. This will be subjected to the XIXth International Botanical Congress in Shenzhen in July 2017 agreeing to a modification in the rules relating to protected lists, and scrutiny by procedures determined by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF). The previously invalidly published generic names Barriopsis, Collophora (as Collophorina), Cryomyces, Dematiopleospora, Heterospora (as Heterosporicola), Lithophila, Palmomyces (as Palmaria) and Saxomyces are validated, as are two previously invalid family names, Bartaliniaceae and Wiesneriomycetaceae. Four species of Lalaria, which were invalidly published are transferred to Taphrina and validated as new combinations. Catenomycopsis Tibell Constant. is reduced under Chaenothecopsis Vain., while Dichomera Cooke is reduced under Botryosphaeria Ces. De Not. (Art. 59)