HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEMATANGAN EMOSI DENGAN PENYESUAIAN DIRI MAHASISWA SERTA IMPLIKASINYA BAGI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING : penelitian deskriptif terhadap mahasiswa bimbingan dan konseling angkatan 2020 fakultas ilmu pendidikan universitas pendidikan indonesia

Aa Rurun Rusnian Hamzah (2022). Hubungan antara Kematangan Emosi dengan Penyesuaian Diri Mahasiswa serta Implikasinya bagi Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling (Penelitian Deskriptif terhadap Mahasiswa Bimbingan dan Konseling angkatan 2020 Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia). Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya kematangan emosi dan penyesuaian diri bagi mahasiswa dalam kehidupan di perguruan tinggi. Masih adanya mahasiswa yang tidak dapat lulus dengan tepat waktu dikarenakan kematangan emosi dan penyesuaian diri yang masih rendah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kematangan emosi dengan penyesuaian diri pada mahasiswa bimbingan dan konseling angkatan 2020. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional dengan subjek 80 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket penelitian dari aspek kematangan emosi dan penyesuaian diri aspek kematangan emosi yaitu Adequacy of Emotional Response (kecukupan respon emosional), Emotional of Depth and Range (jangkauan dan kedalaman emosi), dan Emotional Control (kontrol emosi). Dan angket dari Aspek penyesuaian diri yaitu penyesuaian pribadi dan penyesuaian sosial. Data diperoleh melalui penyebaran instrumen berupa kuesioner yang diolah menggunakan uji Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.000 dan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0.672. Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan; (1) gambaran tingkat kematangan emosi mahasiswa berada pada kategori tinggi; (2) gambaran tingkat penyesuaian diri mahasiswa berada pada kategori tinggi; (3) terdapat hubungan sangat kuat yang positif dan signifikan antara kematangan emosi dan penyesuaian diri mahasiswa. Implikasi dari penelitian ini berupa layanan bimbingan kelompok dan bimbingan klasikal. Kata kunci: Kematangan Emosi, Penyesuaian Diri, Layanan Bimbingan Aa Rurun Rusnian Hamzah (2022). The Relationship between Emotional Maturity and Student Adjustment and Its Implications for Guidance and Counseling Services (Descriptive Research on Guidance and Counseling Students Class of 2020 Faculty of Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia). This research is motivated by the importance of emotional maturity and adjustment for students in life in college. There are still students who cannot graduate on time due to low emotional maturity and self-adjustment. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between emotional maturity and self-adjustment in the 2020 guidance and counseling students. Researchers used a quantitative approach with the correlational method with 80 subjects. The instrument used is a research questionnaire from aspects of emotional maturity and self-adjustment. The aspects of emotional maturity are Adequacy of Emotional Response, Emotional of Depth and Range, and Emotional Control. And a questionnaire from the aspect of self-adjustment, namely personal adjustment and social adjustment. Data was obtained through the distribution of instruments in the form of a questionnaire which was processed using the Spearman's Rank Order Correlation test with a significance value of 0.000 and a correlation coefficient of 0.672. The results of the study show; (1) the description of the level of emotional maturity of students is in the high category; (2) the description of the level of student adjustment is in the high category; (3) there is a very strong positive and significant relationship between emotional maturity and student self-adjustment. The implication of this research is in the form of group guidance services and classical guidance. Keywords: Emotional Maturity, Adjustment, Guidance Servic

Rapid copper acquisition by developing murine mesothelioma: Decreasing bioavailable copper slows tumor growth, normalizes vessels and promotes T cell infiltration

Copper, an essential trace element acquired through nutrition, is an important co-factor for pro-angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Decreasing bioavailable copper has been used as an antiangiogenic and anti-cancer strategy with promising results. However, the role of copper and its potential as a therapy in mesothelioma is not yet well understood. Therefore, we monitored copper levels in progressing murine mesothelioma tumors and analyzed the effects of lowering bioavailable copper. Copper levels in tumors and organs were assayed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Mesothelioma tumors rapidly sequestered copper at early stages of development, the copper was then dispersed throughout growing tumor tissues. These data imply that copper uptake may play an important role in early tumor development. Lowering bioavailable copper using the copper chelators, penicillamine, trientine or tetrathiomolybdate, slowed in vivo mesothelioma growth but did not provide any cures similar to using cisplatin chemotherapy or anti-VEGF receptor antibody therapy. The impact of copper lowering on tumor blood vessels and tumor infiltrating T cells was measured using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Copper lowering was associated with reduced tumor vessel diameter, reduced endothelial cell proliferation (reduced Ki67 expression) and lower surface ICAM/CD54 expression implying reduced endothelial cell activation, in a process similar to endothelial normalization. Copper lowering was also associated with a CD4+ T cell infiltrate. In conclusion, these data suggest copper lowering is a potentially useful anti-mesothelioma treatment strategy that slows tumor growth to provide a window of opportunity for inclusion of other treatment modalities to improve patient outcomes

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Background: Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. // Methods: We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung's disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. // Findings: We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung's disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middle-income countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in low-income countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. // Interpretation: Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.

BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700

A many-analysts approach to the relation between religiosity and well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N=10,535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β=0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β=0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

Characteristics and factors associated with adverse cutaneous drug reactions caused by traditional, complementary and conventional medicine in Malaysia

Traditional and Complimentary Medicines (TCMs) can potentially cause Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reactions (ACDRs). The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of ACDRs due to TCMs and compare with those due to conventional medicine. This was a retrospective study with 134 cases being diagnosed with ACDR at the Dermatology Clinic of a tertiary hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Most (82.1%) ACDRs were caused by conventional drugs, while 17.9% were due to TCMs. Majority (70-75%) of the ACDRs were of mild to moderate severity. The most common ACDR to TCM was Exfoliative Dermatitis (ED) and Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP) (both 16.7%) while maculopapular rash was the most common reaction for conventional medications (25.5%). The onset of adverse reaction to TCM was about 4 weeks (60.2%) while reactions due to conventional medication was earlier (1 to 6 days, 65.4%; p<0.05). The odds of developing delayed ACDR was 14 times more with TCM compared to conventional medicine (p<0.05). This study showed that ED and AGEP were the most common ACDR manifestations of TCM while macuplopapular rash was the most common manifestation of conventional medications. However, most of these reactions were of mild to moderate severity. ACDR due to TCM may manifest long after the initiation of these products and hence its use should be routinely inquired when patients present with skin problems. All suspected cases of ADRs to TCM should be reported to the Malaysian Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee (MADRAC) for continuous pharmacovigilance of these products

Inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase by fractions Crateva adansonii

Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of various extracts from Crateva adansonii (C. adansonii) used traditionally against several inflammatory diseases such as rheumatism, arthritis, and gout, was investigated on purified bovine milk xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. Methods: Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was assayed spectrophotometrically and the degree of enzyme inhibition was determined by measuring the increase in absorbance at 295 nm associated with uric acid formation. Enzyme kinetics was carried out using Lineweaver-Burk plots using xanthine as the substrate. Results: Among the fractions tested, the chloroform fraction exhibited highest potency (IC50 20.2±1.6 μg/mL) followed by the petroleum ether (IC50 30.1±2.2 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (IC50 43.9±1.4 μg/mL) and residual (IC50 98.0±3.3 μg/mL) fractions. The IC50 value of allopurinol used, as the standard was 5.7±0.3 μg/mL. Conclusions: Enzyme inhibition mechanism indicated that the mode of inhibition was of a mixed type. Our findings suggest that the therapeutic use of these plants may be due to the observed Xanthine oxidase inhibition, thereby supporting their use in traditional folk medicine against inflammatory-related diseases, in particular, gout