33 research outputs found
The Spin Structure of the Nucleon
We present an overview of recent experimental and theoretical advances in our
understanding of the spin structure of protons and neutrons.Comment: 84 pages, 29 figure
PDF dependence of Higgs cross sections at the Tevatron and LHC: response to recent criticism
We respond to some criticism questioning the validity of the current Standard
Model Higgs exclusion limits at the Tevatron, due to the significant dependence
of the dominant production cross section from gluon-gluon fusion on the choice
of parton distribution functions (PDFs) and the strong coupling (alpha_S). We
demonstrate the ability of the Tevatron jet data to discriminate between
different high-x gluon distributions, performing a detailed quantitative
comparison to show that fits not explicitly including these data fail to give a
good description. In this context we emphasise the importance of the consistent
treatment of luminosity uncertainties. We comment on the values of alpha_S
obtained from fitting deep-inelastic scattering data, particularly the
fixed-target NMC data, and we show that jet data are needed for stability. We
conclude that the Higgs cross-section uncertainties due to PDFs and alpha_S
currently used by the Tevatron and LHC experiments are not significantly
underestimated, contrary to some recent claims.Comment: 44 pages, 19 figures. v2: version published in JHEP (paragraph added
at bottom of p.15
Phase 2 study of eribulin mesylate as first-line therapy for locally recurrent or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer
QCD and strongly coupled gauge theories : challenges and perspectives
We highlight the progress, current status, and open challenges of QCD-driven physics, in theory and in experiment. We discuss how the strong interaction is intimately connected to a broad sweep of physical problems, in settings ranging from astrophysics and cosmology to strongly coupled, complex systems in particle and condensed-matter physics, as well as to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. We also discuss how success in describing the strong interaction impacts other fields, and, in turn, how such subjects can impact studies of the strong interaction. In the course of the work we offer a perspective on the many research streams which flow into and out of QCD, as well as a vision for future developments.Peer reviewe
Future perspectives and challenges with CDK4/6 inhibitors in hormone receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer
Development of mathematical competency in different German pre-vocational training programmes of the transition system
Background: Mathematical competency is central to life in modern society, and it is particularly important for many occupations and professions. In Germany, young people with insufficient mathematical skills experience significant difficulties securing a training position within the dual system, and subsequently, they often enrol in prevocational programmes of the transition system. Thus, the various one-year pre-vocational training programmes aim to provide support for enhancing mathematical skills. Currently, there is a lack of information regarding whether fundamental competencies are effectively developed within the context of these pre-vocational training. Methods: Therefore, this paper examines how competencies develop and are enhanced over the course of 1 year, based on data (N = 1.258) from three different 1-year pre-vocational programmes. Growth was based on a multidimensional mathematical competency construct measured at two distinct points: at the beginning and at the end of the pre-vocational training. Results and discussion: Incorporating selected background variables, the results of the stable and valid measurement indicate that, on average, mathematical competencies did not change over the course of 1 year. However, when development was considered in greater depth, a second dimension became visible. Specifically, the mathematical competencies of one group of young people were lower after completing the prevocational programme than they were before, whereas another group achieved recognizable improvements in their competencies. Keywords: Prevocational education and training, Mathematical competency, Development of mathematical competenc