Pretoriana, no. 035, April 1961

Redaksioneel = Editorial -- Kaskenades te Pretoria, 1872 / A.M.D. -- Dr. E.J. Evers en Pretoria / J. Ploeger -- Nagelate aantekeninge van J.N. Ebert / J. PLoeger -- Signalling to the State Model School, 1899-1900 / C.J. Beanes -- Van toeka se dae (Herinneringe) / H. Jooste -- Pretoria in bygone days / C.A. Cilliers -- The origins of names of Pretroria townships / T.E. Andrews -- Street names in Hillcrest / J.D. Bodel -- Some recent documentary discoveries / A.M. Davey -- Personalia = Persoonlike berigt

Prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes and cervical-associated lesions in sexually active young French women following HPV vaccine

International audienceBackgroundDespite the availability of safe and effective HPV vaccines in France, more than 80% of girls remain unvaccinated.SettingA regional university hospital referral center in France.ObjectiveTo estimate the overall prevalence and distribution of HPV in vaccinated, sexually active young French women who were screened for cervical cancer by cytology and HPV testing.MethodsHigh-risk HPV (HR-HPV) prevalence, genotype-specific prevalence and extent of multiple infections were assessed in 125 cervical samples from females with available vaccine data using hc2 assay and INNO-LiPA assay. HPV status was analyzed in accordance with cytological data.ResultsIn our series, mean age was 23 years, overall prevalence of HR-HPV was 52% and was correlated with the lesion grade. The diversity of HPV genotypes was broad. Single HR-HPV infections were identified in 11%, 21% and 47% of women with NILM, ASC-US/-H and LSIL respectively. Multiple infections with HR-HPV were detected in 28% of the specimens. Only 24.5% of women with NILM presented infections with 2 genotypes or more, vs 28% of women with ASC-US/-H and 35% of women with LSIL. The overall prevalence of genotypes covered by the quadrivalent vaccine was low (5.9%); with 4.2%, 0%, 0.8% and 0.8% for HPV 16, HPV 18, HPV 6 and HPV 11 respectively.ConclusionAmong HPV-vaccinated young women, HR-HPV are detected at a high rate, and an association with the grade of cytological abnormalities was observed. However, HPV 16 and 18, both targeted by the vaccines, are remarkably rare among young French women since program implementation

The influence of geographical access to health care and material deprivation on colorectal cancer survival: Evidence from France and England

This article investigates the influence of distance to health care and material deprivation on cancer survival for patients diagnosed with a colorectal cancer between 1997 and 2004 in France and England. This population-based study included all cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed between 1997 and 2004 in 3 cancer registries in France and 1 cancer registry in England (N=40,613). After adjustment for material deprivation, travel times in England were no longer significantly associated with survival. In France patients living between 20 and 90min from the nearest cancer unit tended to have a poorer survival, although this was not statistically significant. In England, the better prognosis observed for remote patients can be explained by associations with material deprivation; distance to health services alone did not affect survival whilst material deprivation level had a major influence, with lower survival for patients living in deprived areas. Increases in travel times to health services in France were associated with poorer survival rates. The pattern of this influence seems to follow an inverse U distribution, i.e. maximal for average travel times

Cost of care of colorectal cancers according to health care patterns and stage at diagnosis in France

Cost of care, Colorectal cancer, Registry, Health care patterns,

Rootstock influences the effect of grapevine leafroll‐associated viruses on berry development and metabolism via abscisic acid signalling

Grapevine leafroll‐associated virus (GLRaV) infections are accompanied by symptoms influenced by host genotype, rootstock, environment, and which individual or combination of GLRaVs is present. Using a dedicated experimental vineyard, we studied the responses to GLRaVs in ripening berries from Cabernet Franc grapevines grafted to different rootstocks and with zero, one, or pairs of leafroll infection(s). RNA sequencing data were mapped to a high‐quality Cabernet Franc genome reference assembled to carry out this study and integrated with hormone and metabolite abundance data. This study characterized conserved and condition‐dependent responses to GLRaV infection(s). Common responses to GLRaVs were reproduced in two consecutive years and occurred in plants grafted to different rootstocks in more than one infection condition. Though different infections were inconsistently distinguishable from one another, the effects of infections in plants grafted to different rootstocks were distinct at each developmental stage. Conserved responses included the modulation of genes related to pathogen detection, abscisic acid (ABA) signalling, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and cytoskeleton remodelling. ABA, ABA glucose ester, ABA and hormone signalling‐related gene expression, and the expression of genes in several transcription factor families differentiated the effects of GLRaVs in berries from Cabernet Franc grapevines grafted to different rootstocks. These results support that ABA participates in the shared responses to GLRaV infection and differentiates the responses observed in grapevines grafted to different rootstocks