2,052 research outputs found
Fire and Climax Spruce Forests in Central Yukon
Observations made during recent studies into fire history of forests in central Yukon ... suggest that, in the event of long-continued absence of fire, mixed stands of black and white spruce ... might become mono-specific black spruce stands. It is, however, unlikely that fires will often be absent for the long time periods needed for this change to develop. ..
Addition Spectra of Quantum Dots in Strong Magnetic Fields
We consider the magnetic field dependence of the chemical potential for
parabolically confined quantum dots in a strong magnetic field. Approximate
expressions based on the notion that the size of a dot is determined by a
competition between confinement and interaction energies are shown to be
consistent with exact diagonalization studies for small quantum dots. Fine
structure is present in the magnetic field dependence which cannot be explained
without a full many-body description and is associated with ground-state level
crossings as a function of confinement strength or Zeeman interaction strength.
Some of this fine structure is associated with precursors of the bulk
incompressible states responsible for the fractional quantum Hall effect.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures (available from [email protected]). Revtex
3.0. (IUCM93-010
Three sides to every story: Gender perspectives in energy transition pathways in Canada, Kenya and Spain
Transitions toward a low-carbon future are not only technical and economical, but also deeply social and gendered. The gendered nature of energy transitions is often implicit and unexplored. As a corrective, this paper explores energy pathways by applying concepts from innovations and gender studies. We examine gender perspectives and niche energy innovations which could disrupt the regime. The regime represents the mainstream pathway that includes the dominant gender perspective and energy system. We explore different gender perspectives of energy transition pathways by applying an Alternative Pathways framework that includes: (1) on-stream pathways that exist within the mainstream pathway to promote equal opportunities for women and men, as well as niches for energy innovations without challenging the high-carbon energy regime; (2) off-stream pathways that depart from the mainstream and promote differences across different genders while creating niches outside the energy regime; and (3) transformative pathways that are fundamentally different from the previous mainstream and includes all gender perspectives in a new energy regime. Applying this framing, in Canada, we explored Indigenous perspectives in the oil sands sector; in Kenya, we studied largescale renewable energy impacting Indigneous communities; in Spain, we evaluate the movement away from fossil fuels and towards renewable technologies. The framework helped to identify that mainstream pathways represented the dominant male perspective while woman's perspective were largely left out. Such absence generate energy pathways that are disconnected from local realities, lack public buy-in and slow-down a sustainable energy transition. © 2020 The Author(s)We would like to acknowledge the feedback of the two anonymous reviews as well as the TRANSrisk consortium members. We would also like to acknowledge the Maria de Maeztu excellence accreditation MDM-2017-0714 of BC3
Direct sums and the Szlenk index
For an ordinal and , we determine a necessary and
sufficient condition for an -direct sum of operators to have Szlenk
index not exceeding . It follows from our results that the
Szlenk index of an -direct sum of operators is determined in a natural
way by the behaviour of the -Szlenk indices of its summands. Our
methods give similar results for -direct sums.Comment: The proof of Proposition~2.4 has changed, with some of the arguments
transferred to the proof of an added-in lemma, Lemma~2.8. Changes have been
made to the Applications sectio
Phase Transitions in Quantum Dots
We perform Hartree-Fock calculations to show that quantum dots (i.e. two
dimensional systems of up to twenty interacting electrons in an external
parabolic potential) undergo a gradual transition to a spin-polarized Wigner
crystal with increasing magnetic field strength. The phase diagram and ground
state energies have been determined. We tried to improve the ground state of
the Wigner crystal by introducing a Jastrow ansatz for the wavefunction and
performing a variational Monte Carlo calculation. The existence of so called
magic numbers was also investigated. Finally, we also calculated the heat
capacity associated with the rotational degree of freedom of deformed many-body
states.Comment: 14 pages, 7 postscript figure
Ensemble density functional theory of the fractional quantum Hall effect
We develop an ensemble density functional theory for the fractional quantum
Hall effect using a local density approximation. Model calculations for edge
reconstructions of a spin-polarized quantum dot give results in good agreement
with semiclassical and Hartree-Fock calculations, and with small system
numerical diagonalizations. This establishes the usefulness of density
functional theory to study the fractional quantum Hall effect, which opens up
the possibility of studying inhomegeneous systems with many more electrons than
has heretofore been possible.Comment: Improved discussion of ensemble density functional theory. 4 pages
plus 3 postscript figures, uses latex with revtex. Contact
[email protected]
Inflation on Fractional Branes: D--Brane Inflation as D--Term Inflation
We describe a D--brane inflation model which consists of two fractional D3
branes separated on a transverse . Inflation arises due to the
resolved orbifold singularity of which corresponds to an anomalous D--term
on the brane. We show that D--brane inflation in the bulk corresponds to
D--term inflation on the brane. The inflaton and the trigger field parametrize
the interbrane distances on an respectively. After inflation the
branes reach a supersymmetric configuration in which they are at the origin of
but separated along the directions.Comment: 15 pages in phyzzx.tex; minor corrections including all factors of
2\pi; v3: more minor correction
Cronin effect for protons and pions in pA collisions
Pions and protons production cross-sections are analyzed in proton-proton and
proton-nucleus collisions at the RHIC energy at midrapidity. We employ the pQCD
factorization scheme supplemented with the color-dipole formalism to
investigate the Cronin effect. We calculate the broadening in the color-dipole
approach for different centralities. Our main goal is to investigate, in a
parameter-free manner within a unified framework, how much of the cronin effect
for both pions and baryons comes from the transverse momentum broadening due to
initial partons multi-scatterings. We conclude that final-state effects in pA
collisions are important. Uncertainties in nuclear shadowing of various parton
distributions and parton fragmentation functions are also discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure
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