704 research outputs found
A preliminary investigation into the relationship between functional movement screen scores and athletic physical performance in female team sport athletes
There is little research investigating relationships between the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and athletic performance in female athletes. This study analyzed the relationships between FMS (deep squat; hurdle step [HS]; in-line lunge [ILL]; shoulder mobility; active straight-leg raise [ASLR]; trunk stability push-up; rotary stability) scores, and performance tests (bilateral and unilateral sit-and-reach [flexibility]; 20-m sprint [linear speed]; 505 with turns from each leg; modified T-test with movement to left and right [change-of-direction speed]; bilateral and unilateral vertical and standing broad jumps; lateral jumps [leg power]). Nine healthy female recreational team sport athletes (age = 22.67 ± 5.12 years; height = 1.66 ± 0.05 m; body mass = 64.22 ± 4.44 kilograms) were screened in the FMS and completed the afore-mentioned tests. Percentage between-leg differences in unilateral sit-and-reach, 505 turns and the jumps, and difference between the T-test conditions, were also calculated. Spearman\u27s correlations (p = 0.05) examined relationships between the FMS and performance tests. Stepwise multiple regressions (p = 0.05) were conducted for the performance tests to determine FMS predictors. Unilateral sit-and-reach positive correlated with the left-leg ASLR (r = 0.704-0.725). However, higher-scoring HS, ILL, and ASLR related to poorer 505 and T-test performance (r = 0.722-0.829). A higher-scored left-leg ASLR related to a poorer unilateral vertical and standing broad jump, which were the only significant relationships for jump performance. Predictive data tended to confirm the correlations. The results suggest limitations in using the FMS to identify movement deficiencies that could negatively impact athletic performance in female team sport athletes
Biomechanical factors in the progression of idiopathic scoliosis
Idiopathic scoliosis is present when, in upright positions of the trunk, the spine curves to the side for unknown reasons. This paper reviews evidence concerning some biomechanical factors that might underlie the progression of such curves. The review concentrates on studies conducted in our laboratories. Arguments are made, based on biomechanical analyses and experiments, that progression occurs because of defects in the postural control system of the spine.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43994/1/10439_2006_Article_BF02371453.pd
The metallic state in disordered quasi-one-dimensional conductors
The unusual metallic state in conjugated polymers and single-walled carbon
nanotubes is studied by dielectric spectroscopy (8--600 GHz). We have found an
intriguing correlation between scattering time and plasma frequency. This
relation excludes percolation models of the metallic state. Instead, the
carrier dynamics can be understood in terms of the low density of delocalized
states around the Fermi level, which arises from the competion between
disorder-induced localization and interchain-interactions-induced
delocalization.Comment: 4 pages including 4 figure
Amplitude measurements of Faraday waves
A light reflection technique is used to measure quantitatively the surface
elevation of Faraday waves. The performed measurements cover a wide parameter
range of driving frequencies and sample viscosities. In the capillary wave
regime the bifurcation diagrams exhibit a frequency independent scaling
proportional to the wavelength. We also provide numerical simulations of the
full Navier-Stokes equations, which are in quantitative agreement up to
supercritical drive amplitudes of 20%. The validity of an existing perturbation
analysis is found to be limited to 2.5% overcriticaly.Comment: 7 figure
Entropic C-theorems in free and interacting two-dimensional field theories
The relative entropy in two-dimensional field theory is studied on a cylinder
geometry, interpreted as finite-temperature field theory. The width of the
cylinder provides an infrared scale that allows us to define a dimensionless
relative entropy analogous to Zamolodchikov's function. The one-dimensional
quantum thermodynamic entropy gives rise to another monotonic dimensionless
quantity. I illustrate these monotonicity theorems with examples ranging from
free field theories to interacting models soluble with the thermodynamic Bethe
ansatz. Both dimensionless entropies are explicitly shown to be monotonic in
the examples that we analyze.Comment: 34 pages, 3 figures (8 EPS files), Latex2e file, continuation of
hep-th/9710241; rigorous analysis of sufficient conditions for universality
of the dimensionless relative entropy, more detailed discussion of the
relation with Zamolodchikov's theorem, references added; to appear in Phys.
Rev.
Prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases in Aboriginal children: A whole population study
Background
The burden of bronchiectasis is disproportionately high in Aboriginal adults, with early mortality. Bronchiectasis precursors, that is, protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) and chronic suppurative lung disease (CSLD), often commence in early childhood. We previously reported a 10% prevalence of PBB in Aboriginal children aged 0 to 7 years, however there are no data on prevalence of chronic lung diseases in older children. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of PBB, CSLD, bronchiectasis, and asthma in Aboriginal children living in four communities.
Methods
A whole-population cross-sectional community co-designed study of Aboriginal children aged <18-years in four remote communities in Western Australia across two-time points, a month apart. Children were assessed by pediatric respiratory clinicians with spirometry undertaken (when possible) between March–September 2021. Children with respiratory symptoms were followed up via medical record audit from either the local medical clinic or via a respiratory specialist clinic through to March 2022 to establish a final diagnosis.
Findings
We recruited 392 (91.6%) of those in the selected communities; median age = 8.4 years (interquartile range [IQR] 5.1–11.5). Seventy children (17.9%) had a chronic respiratory pathology or abnormal spirometry results. PBB was confirmed in 30 (7.7%), CSLD = 13 (3.3%), bronchiectasis = 5 (1.3%) and asthma = 17 (4.3%). The prevalence of chronic wet cough significantly increased with increasing age.
Interpretation
The prevalence of PBB, CSLD and bronchiectasis is high in Aboriginal children and chronic wet cough increases with age. This study highlights the high disease burden in Aboriginal children and the urgent need for strategies to address these conditions
The velocity potential and the interacting force for two spheres moving perpendicularly to the line joining their centers
The velocity potential around two spheres moving perpendicularly to the line joining their centers is given by a series of spherical harmonics. The appropriateness of the truncation is evaluated by determining the residual normal surface velocity on the spheres. In evaluating the residual normal velocity, a recursive procedure is constructed to evaluate the spherical harmonics to reduce computational effort and truncation error as compared to direct transformation or numerical integration. We estimate the lift force coefficient for touching spheres to be 0.577771, compared to the most accurate earlier estimate of 0.51435 by Miloh (1977).Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42701/1/10665_2004_Article_BF00127479.pd
Forward pi^0 Production and Associated Transverse Energy Flow in Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA
Deep-inelastic positron-proton interactions at low values of Bjorken-x down
to x \approx 4.10^-5 which give rise to high transverse momentum pi^0 mesons
are studied with the H1 experiment at HERA. The inclusive cross section for
pi^0 mesons produced at small angles with respect to the proton remnant (the
forward region) is presented as a function of the transverse momentum and
energy of the pi^0 and of the four-momentum transfer Q^2 and Bjorken-x.
Measurements are also presented of the transverse energy flow in events
containing a forward pi^0 meson. Hadronic final state calculations based on QCD
models implementing different parton evolution schemes are confronted with the
data.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures and 3 table
Search for Doubly-Charged Higgs Boson Production at HERA
A search for the single production of doubly-charged Higgs bosons H^{\pm \pm}
in ep collisions is presented. The signal is searched for via the Higgs decays
into a high mass pair of same charge leptons, one of them being an electron.
The analysis uses up to 118 pb^{-1} of ep data collected by the H1 experiment
at HERA. No evidence for doubly-charged Higgs production is observed and mass
dependent upper limits are derived on the Yukawa couplings h_{el} of the Higgs
boson to an electron-lepton pair. Assuming that the doubly-charged Higgs only
decays into an electron and a muon via a coupling of electromagnetic strength
h_{e \mu} = \sqrt{4 \pi \alpha_{em}} = 0.3, a lower limit of 141 GeV on the
H^{\pm\pm} mass is obtained at the 95% confidence level. For a doubly-charged
Higgs decaying only into an electron and a tau and a coupling h_{e\tau} = 0.3,
masses below 112 GeV are ruled out.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Low Q^2 Jet Production at HERA and Virtual Photon Structure
The transition between photoproduction and deep-inelastic scattering is
investigated in jet production at the HERA ep collider, using data collected by
the H1 experiment. Measurements of the differential inclusive jet
cross-sections dsigep/dEt* and dsigmep/deta*, where Et* and eta* are the
transverse energy and the pseudorapidity of the jets in the virtual
photon-proton centre of mass frame, are presented for 0 < Q2 < 49 GeV2 and 0.3
< y < 0.6. The interpretation of the results in terms of the structure of the
virtual photon is discussed. The data are best described by QCD calculations
which include a partonic structure of the virtual photon that evolves with Q2.Comment: 20 pages, 5 Figure
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