Método de cálculo de parâmetros racionais para dispositivos com eixo de rotação horizontal para disseminar fertilizantes minerais e sementes

The article proposes the modeling technique for the uniform distribution of particles by a throwing unit. The material is devoted to the substantiation of rational parameters and operating modes of vertical throwing units to distribute the particles of fertilizers and seeds.El artículo propone la técnica de modelado para la distribución uniforme de partículas por una unidad de lanzamiento. El material está dedicado a la fundamentación de parámetros racionales y modos de operación de unidades de lanzamiento vertical para distribuir las partículas de fertilizantes y semillas. O artigo propõe a técnica de modelagem para a distribuição uniforme de partículas por uma unidade de arremesso. O material é dedicado à comprovação de parâmetros racionais e modos de operação de unidades de arremesso vertical para distribuir as partículas de fertilizantes e sementes

Testing of preformed particles polymer gel technology on core filtration models to limit water inflows

In order to reduce watering of wells and equalize their injectivity profiles, the prospects of introducing PPG technology in Russian fields are considered, in which preformed particles polymer gel are pumped into the injection well. These particles, being a supersorbent based on polyacrylamide, absorb water, become elastic, which allows them to shrink and tear in narrow filtration channels. When the polymer is filtered along permeable layers saturated with water, polymer particles accumulate in waterlogged intervals and thus they form a polymer plug, which redistributes the filtration flows and increases the coverage of the formation by the process of oil displacement. More than 4000 downhole operations have been carried out in the fields of China and the USA using PPG technology by now. In domestic fields in Western Siberia, there is limited experience in applying a similar technology in high-temperature formations with low mineralization of formation water. Due to the absence of hydrolytic processes in polyacrylamide, well-known domestic compositions are not applicable due to the low absorption capacity in the conditions of low-temperature deposits with increased mineralization of formation water. The authors synthesized a polymer based on polyacrylamide by block polymerization, which allows to obtain a high absorption capacity, including for low-temperature formations with high mineralization of formation water, which is typical for Perm Territory fields. Filtration experiments were carried out on core models with the composition developed by the authors, this composition focused on low formation temperatures and high mineralization of formation water. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the swollen particles of the gel are able to pass into fractures with a diameter less than their own size at least 20 times. With a significant increase in the viscosity of the dispersion medium, the stability of the suspension increases. Particles of polymer gel have the necessary strength for injection in the field conditions. The fracture permeability during polymer injection decreases by several times and becomes comparable with the permeability of pore collectors

Arterial blood pressure variability influence on target organs damage in young men with hypertension

С целью оценки взаимосвязи между параметрами вариабельности АД, структурными изменениями левого желудочка и частотой гипертензивной ангиопатии сетчатки было обследовано 139 мужчин, средний возраст — (22,4±4,3) года, с высоким нормальным АД и АГ І степени. Всем пациентам проводили суточное мониторирование АД с оценкой параметров его вариабельности и стандартную эхокардиографию с оценкой параметров ремоделирования левого желудочка. Было установлено наличие сильной корреляционной связи между параметрами ночной вариабельности АД и эхокардиографическими признаками ремоделирования левого желудочка, что указывает на целесообразность использования значений вариабельности АД в качестве дополнительного инструмента индивидуальной оценки сердечно-сосудистого риска у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией.Blood pressure variability (BPV) is a multifaceted phenomenon, which was proven to affect the cardiovascular risk in arterial hypertension (AH) patients. Numerous BPV characteristics can be obtained during 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, but the question about optimal parameters, which precisely reflect the stage of target organ damage and AH clinical outcomes is still relevant. The study aimed to establish the relation between different BPV parameters and left ventricle (LV) myocardial remodeling, hypertensive retinopathy in young men with high normal blood pressure and the 1st grade of hypertension. 139 men, age 18–35 years (mean age — 22.4±4.3) were included into the study. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the level of office: BP: men with normal BP (n=57), men with high normal blood pressure (n=35), men with the 1st grade of AH (n=47). All men underwent 24-hour BP monitoring with general BPV parameters evaluation, and a standard transthoracic echocardiography with LV remodeling characteristics assessment. Increasing night systolic BPV in patients with high normal blood pressure and the 1st grade of AH significantly and strongly correlates with LV myocardial mass (R=0,924) and LV myocardial mass index (R=0.531). No relation between prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy and BPV parameters were established. 20% of men with high normal blood pressure and the 1st grade of AH have evidence of high BPV. Parameters of night BPV can be usefull as a predictive factor for cardiovascular risk assessment according to its correspondence with ventricular remodeling parameters

СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПЕРИФОКАЛЬНОЙ ЗОНЫ КОРЫ БОЛЬШОГО МОЗГА В ОСТРОМ ПЕРИОДЕ ЧЕРЕПНО-МОЗГОВОЙ ТРАВМЫ

The paper shows that the treatment of brain traumatic lesions is a topical problem. Moreover, the complications associated with the development of cerebral recompression play a particular role in the posttraumatic period. The purpose of the present study was to reveal the regularities of reorganization of cyto- and synaptoarchitectonics of different layers of the cerebral cortex in patients with cerebral recompression in the acute period of brain injury. Cerebral cortical biopsy specimens taken in 6 patients from the perifocal area (subdural hematoma and a contusion focus with intracerebral hematoma) were examined. The results were statistically processed, by using a package of the applied programs «StatSoft Statistica 6.0». Based on the findings, the authors suggest that it is necessary to make an early diagnosis and a complex intervention that promotes the improvement of the ultimate results of treatment.В статье показана актуальность проблемы лечения травматических повреждений головного мозга. При этом в посттравматическом периоде особую роль играют осложнения, связанные с развитием повторного сдавления головного мозга. Целью настоящего исследования было выявление закономерностей реорганизации цито- и синаптоархитектоники различных слоев коры большого мозга у пациентов с повторным сдавливанием головного мозга в остром периоде черепно-мозговой травмы. Изучены биоптаты коры головного мозга, взятые у 6 больных из перифокальной зоны (субдуральная гематома и контузионный очаг с внутримозговой гематомой). Статистическую обработку полученного материала проводили с помощью пакета прикладных программ «StatSoft Statistica 6.0». На основании полученных данных выдвигаются предложения по необходимости ранней диагностики и проведению комплексного вмешательства, способствующего улучшению конечных результатов лечения

Изучение закономерностей нарушений высшей нервной деятельности в посттравматическом периоде

The regularities of higher nervous activity impairments were studied in an experiment on mature albino rats in the posttraumatic period, by using the open field test. Analysis of behavioral acts indicated the difficulties encountered in constructing an adequate response to get a benefit from an activity (danger avoidance) at stages of traumatic disease due to the impossibility of rapidly and accurately solving the intricate problems facing the damaged brain. At the same time, a great contribution to higher nervous activity impairments was made by emotional disorders that were traced up to the end of a follow-up (on day 30). The found changes in higher nervous activity are indicative of the high plasticity of the central nervous system and its great capabilities to perform compensatory and adaptive processes under extreme conditions, by reorganizing the intricate system of links of its individual parameters.В эксперименте на белых половозрелых крысах изучены закономерности нарушений высшей нервной деятельности в посттравматическом периоде c помощью теста «открытое поле». Анализ поведенческих актов свидетельствовал о трудностях построения адекватной формы реагирования для достижения полезного результата действия (избегания опасности) на этапах травматической болезни в связи с невозможностью быстрого и точного решения сложных задач, стоящих перед поврежденным мозгом. При этом большой вклад в нарушения высшей нервной деятельности вносили расстройства в эмоциональной сфере, которые прослеживались до конца срока наблюдения (30-е сутки). Найденные изменения высшей нервной деятельности свидетельствуют о высокой пластичности ЦНС, ее широких возможностях осуществлять в экстремальных условиях компенсаторно-приспособительные процессы путем перестройки сложной системы взаимосвязей отдельных ее параметров

Diffraction of optical beams by a half-plane

Rigorous solution of the optical beam diffraction problem on half plane is represented. Solution is described to representation of edge dislocation wave (EDW) that was introduced for describing the diffraction plane wave on half plane. It is shown that in problem of diffraction EDW plays the role of eigenmode as plane wave in free space. Due to this the solving of mentioned problem reduces to calculation of convolution of angle spectrum of source beam and EDW

New method of apertured electromagnetic field modeling

Using a new wave treatment of rigorous Sommerfield’s solution for a problem of plane wave diffraction on a perfectly conductive half-plane, it was obtained the solution for a problem of plane wave diffraction on a slit and rectangular aperture. The result of aperture diffraction was represented as a sum of elementary rectangular unit cell waves. New integral approach to modeling of plane wave diffraction on an arbitrary two-dimensional aperture is discussed. Proposed method is very useful for providing numerical modeling of diffraction phenomena

Singular peculiarities of a plane wave diffracted on half-plane

We analyzed singular properties of edge dislocation waves («EDW») - the main information component of the field formed at plane wave diffraction on half-plane. It is shown that analytical structure of this wave is completely identical to Cornu’s spiral, while physical simulation thereof requires joining the plane wave with an edge dislocation. Dislocations of this type are rather sensitive to action of any amplitude phase distortion on them that considering the impact of actual noise essentially hampers their experimental isolation in the pure form. At the same time spatial position of such dislocation may be effectively controlled by changing the amplitude and phase of one of the wave components. We considered peculiarities of structural evolution of the field at more complicated form of diffraction aperture

Macroeconomic Maps as an Informational Basis and an instrument of studying the Socio-Economic Space

The potentials and perspectives of using the macroeconomic scientific-informational maps in the regional economic structure and spatial organization analysis are examined. Using the examples of pilot sample maps of the Amur region created by the authors some specific methods of designing and improving the contents of basic maps, used as an informational source and an instrument of studying mature spatial socio-economic formations and also concluding maps, created during the study of the mapped region’s socio-economic space are describe