The multiplier accelerator theory in the study of municipal-level investment

In our research we specially adapted the multiplier accelerator approach for analysis of investment processes on the municipal level. We analyzed the databases of municipalities of the Bashkortostan Republic and found a one-year lag and ratchet effects in the development of investment processes, which manifested themselves through steady rates of growth in the volumes of shipped goods and services in these areas while the amount of investment was declining. Excessively high values of the investment accelerator in certain municipalities were explained, on the one hand, by the insignificant changes in the economic performance of these municipalities and, on the other hand, by the inflow of capital, which was not related to the incentive function of return from the previous investment. The main causes of the disincentive function include the low investment attractiveness of the territories; the poorly developed environment for investment stimulation; the inefficiency of the investment itself; and its short-term character. Our approach combines the multiplier accelerator theory with the concept of efficient management of investment in socio-economic systems of various levels and thus it has enabled us to develop a matrix for diagnostics of investment processes by calculating investment efficiency (with the help of the investment multiplier) and the focus of the investment process (with the help of the investment accelerator). Upon these results we have mapped municipalities according to their levels of investment development and proposed a differentiated approach to managerial decision-making. These findings can be used to study investment attractiveness on the municipal level and to develop guidelines for assessment of investment attractiveness and for managerial decision-making to enhance investment efficiency

A Dynamic Axially Symmetric Goal and its Extended Solution for a Fixed Rigid Circular Multi-layer Plate

AbstractThe subject matter of the article is a fixed circular multi-layer plate and its reaction to the axially symmetrical force (direct stress) affecting its front face. The force itself is an arbitrary time and radial coordinate function. The authors apply the method of finite integral transformation (based on the theory of electroelasticity in a three-dimentional model) to develop a new closed solution. The improvement of this new solution lies in the fact that boundary conditions for cylinder and front faces of a multi-layer plate here are completely fulfilled when compared with the data obtained in previous research. The achieved ratio design allows to further analyze this multi-layer plate fluctuations frequency content as well as to analyze changing characteristics of its stress-strain behaviour and their dependence on different layers stress-strain properties

Information technology in use of authentic material teaching a second language

The importance of the research is provided by the need of choosing the effective condition of using authentic material as a method of teaching a second language. Therefore this article is devoted to finding the role of information technology in using authentic material. Authentic and adopted materials are defined. The pedagogical networked recourse model as a way of preventing the individual use of authentic materials problem is presented. The article benefits the research of authenticity and adaptation. The content of the article can be used practically in creation of the networked resource devoted to practical use of authentic materialАктуальность рассматриваемого вопроса обусловлена необходимостью поиска оптимального условия использования аутентичных материалов при обучении иностранному языку. В связи с этим, цель статьи заключается в определении роли информационных технологий в использовании аутентичных материалов. В статье рассмотрено содержание понятия аутентичные материалы, дано определение адаптированных материалов, представлена модель педагогического Интернет ресурса, позволяющего преодолеть трудности индивидуального использования аутентичных материалов. Материалы статьи вносят теоретический вклад в понимание соотношения аутентичных и адаптированных материалов, представляют практическую ценность для создания педагогического ресурса, посвященного аутентичным материала

Development of professional tolerance in medical students through professionally-oriented foreign language training

Global sociocultural transformations in the modern world are associated with expansive digitalisation and its impact on human life. Given the advantages of digital technology development, a number of significant problems arise, in particular, social differentiation, commercialisation of socionomic professions, information consumerism, emotional estrangement due to the virtualisation of communication, a shift in value orientations, replacement of traditional moral norms with their destructive simulacra. There is a clear need for intensification of educational activities in higher education focused on the humanisation of public consciousness, the promotion of social cohesion and the development of the moral backbone of an individual. Hence, it is necessary to refer to the theoretical and methodological foundations of tolerance development in students. The aim of this article is to clarify the concept of professional tolerance of a doctor and describe the strategy of its development in students in the process of foreign language training. Considering the issue of professional education of future doctors, the authors note that the vector of students’ spiritual and moral development is determined by the values, attitudes, and norms of medical ethics and deontology. Herewith, the principle of tolerance is of the basic ones since professional medical practice is based on regular interpersonal interaction. The authors define the concept of a doctor’s professional tolerance as the willingness to provide patients with high-quality medical care regardless of the heterogeneity of socio-cultural factors and subjective personal aspects. This concept assumes the doctor’s tact, empathy, psychological flexibility and poise. The proposed strategy for the development of professional medical tolerance in students via professionally-oriented foreign language training involves the holistic formation of its cognitive, affective and conative components through the educational content and the parity in subject-subject interaction. In the development of the cognitive component, considerable importance is ascribed to supplementing the basic educational materials by authentic content of social and professional orientation. The connecting link of the development of cognitive and affective components is the identification and levelling of stereotypes and prejudices regarding socially significant diseases. The basis for the development of the affective component is pedagogical tolerance, a favourable educational environment, interactive activities at classes, and the facilitation of students’ reflection. The development of the conative component of tolerance is directly tied to the development of professional communicative competence of future doctors: the study and development of various speech clichés in the format of interaction with patients; revision of politeness formulas; practicing non-verbal communication means in playing out quasi-professional situations; mastering the speech norms “plain language” and “people-first language”

Geek Culture As a New ‘Image’ of Contemporary Culture

The aim of this article is to present the theoretical grounding of geek culture as a unique contemporary phenomenon, based on structural-functional, evolutionary, and systemic methodology within the overarching culturological approach. We verify the meaning of such concepts as ‘geek’, ‘geek community’, and ‘geek culture’; explore the role and the characteristics of geek culture as a supra-subculture; analyze its global universal features and the specifics of its Russian variant; describe a unique characteristic of geek culture as a self-organizing system; and highlight the dualistic features of geek culture as a ‘marker’ of contemporary social processes.     Keywords: geek, geek culture, geek community, supra-subculture, consumer subculture, mass subculture, youth subculture, counter-culture, mainstrea

Automophisms of Nil-Triangular Subrings of Algebras Chevalley Type G2G_2 Over Integral Domain. I

Let $N\Phi(K)$ be the nil-triangular subalgebra of the Chevalley algebra over an associative commutative ring $K$ with the identity associated with a root system $\Phi$. This paper studies the well-known problem of describing automorphisms of Lie algebras and rings $N\Phi(K)$. Automorphisms of the Lie algebra $N\Phi(K)$ under restrictions $K=2K=3K$ on ring $K$ are described by Y. Cao, D. Jiang, J. Wang (2007). When passing from algebras to Lie rings, the group of automorphisms expands. Thus, the subgroup of central automorphisms is extended, i.e. acting modulo the center, ring automorphisms induced by automorphisms of the main ring are added. For the type $A_{n}$, a description of automorphisms of Lie rings $N\Phi(K)$ over $K$ was obtained by V.M. Levchuk (1983). Automorphisms of the Lie ring $N\Phi(K)$ are described by V.M. Levchuk (1990) for type $D_4$ over $K$, and for other types by A.V. Litavrin (2017), excluding types $G_2$ and $F_4$. In this paper we describe automorphisms of a nil-triangular Lie ring of type $G_2$ over an integrity domain $K$ under the following restrictions on $K$: either $K=2K=3K$, or $3K = 0$. To study automorphisms, the upper and lower central series described in this paper, are essentially used

Estimation of factors and projected growth of the metallurgical branch of Russia under unstable market conditions

The results of the performed analysis of the development indexes of the Russian metallurgical industry, the production dynamics and export tendencies of the largest exporters were represented. The estimation of the specific factors of price formation in the market of steel products of the Russian Federation, the record of the growth of prices for ore and coal in the world, together with the analysis of the main financial values of the activity of the largest metallurgical companies allowed calculating the projected indexes basing upon their activity for 2017-2018. On the base of these projected indexes of the companies’ activity and worldwide trends of demand for steel products, the estimations of the products demand were given taking into account the determining factors of the branch development