263 research outputs found
Asymptotic expansion of the solution of the steady Stokes equation with variable viscosity in a two-dimensional tube structure
The Stokes equation with the varying viscosity is considered in a thin tube
structure, i.e. in a connected union of thin rectangles with heights of order
and with bases of order 1 with smoothened boundary. An
asymptotic expansion of the solution is constructed: it contains some
Poiseuille type flows in the channels (rectangles) with some boundary layers
correctors in the neighborhoods of the bifurcations of the channels. The
estimates for the difference of the exact solution and its asymptotic
approximation are proved.Comment: 22 pages, 20 figure
The effect of dry friction forces on the process of dielectric wafer grinding
We have investigated possible motions of the holder on top of the polishing pad during the process of dielectric plate grinding taking into account the forces of dry friction about its axis. A mathematical model of the mechanical device has been elaborated to describe the process of dielectric wafer grinding. The model is in the form of a non-autonomous nonlinear system with a variable structure. The structure of the phase space of the dynamical system was investigated, the qualitative studies of the possible motion modes were carried out. The values of the geometrical and dynamic parameters that qualitatively and quantitatively influence the modes of the holder motion were obtained. It was found that the inclusion of dry friction forces on the axis of the free holder result in a periodic motion of the mechanism with long stops. We present the calculations of the parameters for the type 3PD-320 machine
Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ 2-((5-(ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4-R-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΡΠ»)ΡΡΠΎ)Π΅ΡΠ°Π½-1-ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ² Ρ ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
The number of new various diseases increases with the development of science and technology. But currently medicine does not have effective ways to overcome this problem. There is a large number of different pharmacological groups of drugs at the pharmaceutical market, but some of them are not available for the Ukrainian consumers. Therefore, the main task of national scientists in the field of pharmaceutical synthesis is the search for new biologically active substances and their further introduction into medical practice as new, low-toxic, original medicines of the Ukrainian production at an affordable price. The aim of our research is the synthesis of a new class of biologically active substances, namely 2-((5-(phenoxymethyl)-4-R-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)ethan-1- ols and their derivatives. All compounds obtained have been synthesized from 5-(phen-oxymethyl)-4-R-1,2,4- triazol-3-thiones (R = H, C2H5, C6H5) using electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution reactions when heating. The structure of the compounds synthesized has been confirmed by using a modern set of physical and chemical methods such as IR-spectrometry, 1H NMR spectrometry and elemental analysis, and their individuality by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The work in determining the parameters of acute toxicity and biological activity is continued.Π‘ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΡ
Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
, ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² β 2-((5-(ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4-R-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΠΈΠ»)ΡΠΈΠΎ)ΡΡΠ°Π½-1-ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
. ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ 5-(ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4-R-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² (R=H, C2H5, C6H5) Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈ- Π·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²: ΠΠ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, 1Π Π―ΠΠ -ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, Π° ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ β ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎ-ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎ- Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.Π ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π·ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ, Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ² Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠ° ΡΠ²ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ², Π°Π»Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ. Π’ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π·Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ·Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ² Ρ Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡ
Π²ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
, ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ²Π° Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ β 2-((5-(ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4-R-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΡΠ»)ΡΡΠΎ)Π΅ΡΠ°Π½-1-ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ² ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
. ΠΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ 5-(ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4-R-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² (R = H, C2H5, C6H5) Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ° Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²: ΠΠ§-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ, 1Π Π―ΠΠ -ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ, Π° ΡΡ
ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ β ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎ-ΠΌΠ°Ρ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° Π·Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ
Synthesis of Ξ²-SiC in the intermediate layer of corundum coatings based on a sol-gel binder for protecting graphite objects from oxidation
A coating is developed for protecting graphite from oxidation at 2023 β 2223 K. The efficiency of the protective action of a corundum coating based on a sol-gel binder increases due to creating a dense intermediate layer between the graphite substrate and the coating as a result of its self-reinforcement with fibers of mullite crystals and -SiC nanoparticles. Components of a modifier and sol-gel binder, but not carbon of the graphite substrate, provide synthesis of Ξ²-SiC
Results of a search for 2-decay of Xe with high-pressure copper proportional counters in Baksan Neutrino Observatory
The experiment for the 2-decay of Xe search with two
high-pressure copper proportional counters has been held in Baksan neutrino
observatory. The search for the process is based on comparison of spectra
measured with natural and enriched xenon. No evidence has been found for
2(2)- and 2(0)-decay. The decay half lifetime limit
based on data measured during 8000 h is Tyr for
2-mode and Tyr for 0-mode (90%C.L.).Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures; talk at the NANP'05 Conference; submitted to
Phys. At. Nuc
Synthesis, physic and chemical properties of 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4h-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids and their salts
Derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole are inherent in various types of biological activity. They can be used as pesticide and medicinal drugs (anticonvulsants, analgetics, antitumor and antibacterial). In this regard the search of new methods of synthesis and investigation of biological activity of 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids and their salts is relevant nowadays.
With the aim of finding the new biologically active compounds 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids and their salts are synthesized, where R is methyl, ethyl, phenyl. The interaction of 4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thions with monochloracetate acid in the medium of i-propyl alcohol in the presence of an equivalent amount of alkali the corresponding 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4 triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids are obtained on the basis of which the corresponding salts of morpholine, dimethylamine, monoethanolamine, pteridine, ZnSO4 , CuSO4, NaOH and KOH are obtained and the structure of the received compounds was confirmed on the basis of the data of elemental, IR-, 1H-NMR-spectroscopy.
The synthesis of 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio) acetate acids and their salts was conducted. With the help of modern physico-chemical methods: elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR-spectroscopy the structure of synthesized compounds, and their individuality by HPLC-MS is proved.
In the IR spectrum of the compound 2-(4-phenyl-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acid Ic available band fluctuations groups characteristic for the nucleus of 1,2,4-triazole: NHβ in the range of 3 400β3 100 cm-1,βC=Nβ β 1 690β1 620 cm-1. Also present band fluctuations groups βCβSβ at 691 cm-1. Available band fluctuations characteristic of the group βCH2 within 1496.59 cm-1 and group βCOO-Hβ β 1722.70 cm-1.
This suggests the possibility to further study the biological action of the synthesized compounds
ΠΠΎΡ ΡΠ΄Π½Ρ 4-(R-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ)-5-(ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΡΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ², ΡΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ
This article contains the results antimicrobial and antifungal activity 3-(alkylthio)-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-4-amines (1-6), N-R-eden-3-(nonylthio)-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-4-amines (7-9) and 2-((4-amino-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio)-Nβ-R-acetohydra-zides are studied the results by the method of βserial dilutionsβ. Compound 6 and 20 show the same antifungal activity with comparing fluconazole. A substance 3 (MIC of 31.25 mg/ml) is the most active compound on S. Aureus bacteria which was studied among 3-(alkylthio)-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-4-amine (1-6). Replacing of hexyl radical in atom of sulfur to nonyl and injection in the molecule 3-(alkylthio)-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-4-amine 4-methoxybenzyl-iden substitute (9) led to increasing antimicrobial activity (MIC 15.6 mg/ml).CΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ 3-(Π°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠΎ)-5-(ΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² (1-6), N-R-ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½-3-(Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠΎ)-5-(ΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² (7-9) ΠΈ 2-((4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-5-(ΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΠΈΠ»)ΡΠΈΠΎ)-Nβ-R-Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 6 ΠΈ 20 ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ S. Aureus ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
3-(Π°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠΎ)-5-(ΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² (1-6) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ 3 (ΠΠΠ31,25 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΌΠ»). ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ 3-(Π°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ»ΡΠΈΠΎ)-5-(ΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° 4-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ (9) ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ 15,6 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΌΠ»).ΠΠ°Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡ 3-(Π°Π»ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎ)-5-(ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΡΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠ² (1-6), N-R-ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½-3-(Π½ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎ)-5-(ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΡΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠ² (7-9)Β ΡΠ° 2-((4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-5-(ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΡΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΡΠ»)ΡΡΠΎ)-N'-R-Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ. Π‘ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠ° 6 ΡΠ° 20 ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π· ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ». ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ S. Aureus ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
3-(Π°Π»ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎ)-5-(ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΡΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠ² (1-6) Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π° 3 (ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ½Π³ΡΠ±ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ 31,25 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΌΠ»). ΠΠ°ΠΌΡΠ½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π‘ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ° Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ 3-(Π°Π»ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎ)-5-(ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½-2-ΡΠ»ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)-4H-1,2,4-ΡΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-4-Π°ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ 4-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° (9) ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡ (ΠΠΠ 15,6 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΌΠ»)
Synthesis and study of the properties of derivatives 4-phenyl-5-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols
The successful use of drugs, derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole, creates the conditionsfor the production and investigation of properties of new derivatives of this heterocyclic system.
The aim of this work was synthesis and study of physical and chemical properties of new derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol containing synthon of pyrrole.
The object of the study was a 4-phenyl-5-(pyrrol-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio-R-carbothioamides.
To achieve this goal it was necessary to solve following tasks: to conduct the selection of the optimum base structure to determine the most efficient way of chemical modification of the precursor of targeted synthesis, to carry out selection of necessary methods of synthesis, to investigate the physico-chemical properties and to set the structure of the obtained compounds.
The synthesis of target products of the reaction was carried out using as starting material pyrrole, which with using the form non-catalytic form of reaction of the Fridel-Crafts was transformed into 2,2,2-trichloro-1-(pyrrol-2-yl), ethanol. The resulting material in the result of reaction of hydrazinolysis was converted into the pyrrol-2-carbohydrazide. The obtained intermediate product was used in the reaction of nucleophilic joining of phenylisothiocyanate with subsequent intramolecular alkaline heterocyclization. Synthesized thiol was used in the reaction of alkylation.
The structure of the obtained substances are confirmed by using elemental analysis, 1H-NMR-spectroscopy, and their individuality β chromatographic methods of analysis. The resulting substances are an interesting object for further studies, especially biological activity
Π£ΡΠ±Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ: ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ
An overview of Russian literature sources of urban flora studies. The authors analyze the history of urban floral research in Russia and provide definitions of terms - urban flora, native, indigenous, apophytic, alien, synanthropic species. The overview provides a description of methods and approaches used in different studies of urban flora. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the biological diversity of native and alien plants and the features of their spatial distribution in urban habitats. The authors raise problems of protection of biodiversity in cities and show the role of urban protected natural areas. The conclusion of the work outlines the prospects for further study of urban flora. The authors highlight an importance and necessity of creation of a unified database of vascular plants in the urbanized territories of Russia. Further usage of the database will allow to conduct a comparative analysis of the species composition of urban flora and to identify the degree of their homogenization and originality. Β© 2021 Altai State University. All rights reserved
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