166 research outputs found

    Анализ конструктивно-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исполнСний гусСничных ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² для внСдороТных ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ

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    The article substantiates the relevance of comprehensive comparison of various versions of vehicles for off-road container transportation. Following the need to identify a specific engineering solution for development of a tracked road train, it is proposed to use the analytic hierarchy process designed to solve problems associated with determining the priorities of the multicriteria hierarchical structure of the goal, as well as in the presence of heterogeneous criteria or dimensional and dimensionless indicators. The comprehensive comparison of vehicles for off-road container transportation is based on the hierarchy of the mobility features, which is considered decisive for the choice of the priority variant of the structural design. The objective of the work is to substantiate the choice of a priority engineering solution for structural design of tracked road trains for off-road container transportation based on a scientifically grounded hierarchy of the mobility features. To attain the objective, a consistent solution of the following tasks is suggested as follows: development of requirements for vehicles and for a hierarchy of operational properties; analysis of existing structural design and layout solutions and justification of the choice of alternative solutions (specific designs of tracked road trains); conduct of a hierarchical synthesis of criteria based on the results of expert assessment; identification of the preliminary priority of alternative solutions; obtaining indicators of operational properties by methods of simulation mathematical modelling and/or full-scale mathematical modelling; choice of the priority engineering solution. The article discusses the feasibility of using tracked road trains both for transportation of a single 45-foot container and for simultaneous transportation of two 20-foot containers with a total mass of 61 tonnes. The analysis of the existing versions of structural design of tracked road trains has shown that only a vehicle of SVG-701 Β«YamalΒ» series, developed in the 1980s and which is not currently manufactured, can provide such a payload capacity. Existing modern articulated tracked vehicles cannot provide transportation of such goods. Hence, the relevance of the task of determining the priority engineering solution referring to structural design and layout of tracked road trains at the present stage of development of technology. Tracked single-hinged articulated semi-trailer road train and a doublehinged tracked road train are proposed as variants of structural design and layout versions of tracked road trains for off-road container transportation. Based on the analytic hierarchy process, opinions of experts and the hierarchy of operational properties, it was established that the engineering solution referring to double-hinged tracked road train should be prioritised. However, due to the small difference between the values of indicators used to select the options, it is necessary to conduct further studies to determine the values of the indicators of operational properties and to re-compare the options considering the results obtained.ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ провСдСния комплСксного сравнСния Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² исполнСний транспортных срСдств для Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ. Π’ связи с Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ опрСдСлСния ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ тСхничСского Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ гусСничного ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄Π° прСдлагаСтся использованиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ для Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡, связанных с ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ иСрархичСской структуры Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² условиях наличия Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π’ качСствС основы комплСксного сравнСния транспортных срСдств для Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° иСрархия свойства подвиТности, которая считаСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ для Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈ- Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Π° конструктивно-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исполнСния. ЦСлью Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ являСтся обоснованиС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ тСхничСского Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ гусСничных ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² для Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° основС Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ обоснованной ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ свойства подвиТности. Для достиТСния поставлСнной Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡: Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ транспортным срСдствам ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ эксплуатационных свойств; Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… конструктивно-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ обоснованиС Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ² (ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… конструктивных исполнСний гусСничных ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ²); ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ иСрархичСского синтСза ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² Π½Π° основании Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² экспСртной ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ; ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²; ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ эксплуатационных свойств ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ матСматичСского модСлирования ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-матСматичСского модСлирования; ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ тСхничСского Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ рассматриваСтся Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ использования гусСничных ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 45-Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π°, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ для ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… 20-Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² суммарной массой 61 Ρ‚. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… конструктивно-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исполнСний гусСничных ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² установлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ транспортноС срСдство Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Π‘Π’Π“-701 Β«Π―ΠΌΠ°Π»Β», Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π² 80-Ρ… Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ Π² настоящСС врСмя Π½Π΅ производится. Π‘ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ соврСмСнныС сочлСнённыС гусСничныС ΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ становится Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π° опрСдСлСния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½- структивно-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ для создания гусСничных ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·- Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° соврСмСнном этапС развития Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ конструктивно-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исполнСний гусСничных ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² для Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ: ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ†Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ гусСничный ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΡˆΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ гусСничный ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π° основС ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ экспСртов ΠΈ с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΈ эксплуатационных свойств Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ установлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ тСхничСским Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ являСтся ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΡˆΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ гусСничный ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄. Однако Π² силу ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ различия ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ показатСлями ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΡ… исслСдований ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ эксплуатационных свойств ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сравнСния с ΡƒΡ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ².

    Open Circuit Potential Shifts of Activated Carbon in Aqueous Solutions During Chemical and Adsorption Interactions

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    Interaction of certain inorganic and organic compounds with activated carbon and the effect of such interaction on open circuit potential of activated carbon were studied. Open circuit potential shifts were observed for an overwhelming majority of the substances and brands of activated carbons investigated. Both negative and positive potential shifts were observed. It was shown that open circuit potential shifts for organic substances depend on degree of coverage of the activated carbon surface. Whereas adsorption of investigated organic compound on activated carbon led to positive potential shifts, desorption of adsorbates from the activated carbon surface led to potential shifts in the opposite direction. Furthermore, time dependencies of open circuit potential shifts were similar for different carbon brands. The magnitude of the shifts depended on the adsorbate, adsorption activity of the adsorbent, and the steric configuration of potential-determinative pores and adsorbate molecules

    ВлияниС Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ»-D-Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»-Π³Π»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ»-Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ»-Π°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Π° (Π”Π°Π»Π°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½) Π½Π° ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ стрСсс Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с тяТСлой сочСтанной Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ: проспСктивноС клиничСскоС исслСдованиС

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    ΠΠšΠ’Π£ΠΠ›Π¬ΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π¬: ВяТСлая сочСтанная Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΌΠ° (Π’Π‘Π’) остаСтся Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ смСртности ΠΈΒ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ трудоспособного насСлСния. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ воздСйствии ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° запускаСтся Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΉ каскад патологичСских процСссов, приводящих ΠΊΒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ нСдостаточности. Π¦Π•Π›Π¬ Π˜Π‘Π‘Π›Π•Π”ΠžΠ’ΠΠΠ˜Π―: Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ влияниС Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ»-D-Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»-Π³Π»ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ»-Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡ†ΠΈΠ»-Π°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Π° (Π”Π°Π»Π°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½Π°) Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡƒ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стрСсса ΡƒΒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ВБВ ΠΈΒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ дисфункции. ΠœΠΠ’Π•Π Π˜ΠΠ›Π« И ΠœΠ•Π’ΠžΠ”Π«: В исслСдованиС Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ 104Β ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° с ВБВ. Π’Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π”Π°Π»Π°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½Π° 38Β ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ контроля 66Β ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ· основной Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ Π”Π°Π»Π°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½ Π²Β Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ постоянной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· ΡˆΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ†Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Π²Β Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 10Β ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Ρ‡ Π²Β ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ 12Β Ρ‡ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° поступлСния в стационар ΠΈΒ 5Β ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Ρ‡ Π΄ΠΎ 72Β Ρ‡ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° поступлСния. ΠŸΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ контроля ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ стандартноС Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠŸΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стрСсса ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ поступлСния (0-С сутки), Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 ΠΈΒ 14-С сутки ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. РЕЗУЛЬВАВЫ: В основной Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ сниТСниС ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стрСсса, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ диальдСгид, с 1-х суток лСчСния (Ρ€Β Β 0,05), ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ госпитализации срСди Π²Ρ‹ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° мСньшС Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π”Π°Π»Π°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½Π° (Ρ€Β <Β 0,05). Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ дисфункции (острый рСспираторный дистрСсс-синдром, остроС ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ) Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ мСньшС Π²Β Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π”Π°Π»Π°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½Π° (Ρ€Β <Β 0,05), Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ослоТнСния (пнСвмония, ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΡ‚, Π½Π°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π½) Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ сопоставимы. Π’Π«Π’ΠžΠ”Π«: Π”Π°Π»Π°Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ к сниТСнию ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стрСсса ΠΈΒ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ способствуСт сниТСнию частоты развития ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ дисфункции

    ВлияниС пСрСливания свСТСзамороТСнной ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π° элСктрохимичСскиС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с тяТСлой сочСтанной Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ

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    Purpose: to study the dynamics of blood plasma electrochemical parameters in patients with severe combined trauma before and after fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions.Materials and methods. The open circuit potential (OCP) of platinum electrode and antioxidant activity of blood plasma were studied in 35 patients with severe combined trauma and 35 post-FFP samples with at least 6-month shelf life. The electrochemical parameters of patients’ blood plasma were analyzed before transfusion, and 1 hr. and 24 hrs. after transfusion.Results. OCP measured in FFP was found to be more positive vs. OCP measured in recipients' blood plasma in 34 out of 35 cases (97%). It has been shown that in patients with severe combined trauma, OCP increased from 5.047 [-7.553; 12.976] mV to 12.827 [-1.372; 24.764] mV and antioxidant activity decreased 24 hours after FFP transfusion from 16.979 [11.302; 20.946] Β΅C to 13.551 [9.288; 18.405] Β΅C. After FFP transfusion, there were no significant changes in clinical blood parameters.Conclusion. By measuring electrochemical parameters of blood plasma in patients with severe combined trauma before and after FFP transfusions, it was discovered that in spite of absence of changes in blood parameters by routine methods, there are changes in the condition of the antioxidant system of the body, which manifest in the bias of patients’ blood plasma OCP towards higher positive values and decreased antioxidant activity. Redox imbalance in the body might cause the oxidative stress development.ЦСль исслСдования: ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ измСнСния элСктрохимичСских ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с тяТСлой сочСтанной Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ послС трансфузий свСТСзамороТСнной ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ‹ (Π‘Π—ΠŸ).ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ИсслСдовали ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΈ (ПРЦ) ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ элСктрода ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ 35-ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с тяТСлой сочСтанной Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ 35-ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π—ΠŸ сроком хранСния Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 6 мСсяцСв. ИсслСдованиС элСктрохими- чСских ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ трансфузии, Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 1 час ΠΈ 24 часа послС трансфузии.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ПРЦ Π² Π‘Π—ΠŸ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈ- Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ПРЦ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² 34 ΠΈΠ· 35 случаСв (97%). Показали, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈ- Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с тяТСлой сочСтанной Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ происходит ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ПРЦ с 5,047 [-7,553; 12,976] ΠΌΠ’ Π΄ΠΎ 12,827 [-1,372; 24,764] ΠΌΠ’, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ сниТСниС антиоксидантной активности Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 24 часа послС транс- Ρ„ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π‘Π—ΠŸ с 16,979 [11,302; 20,946] мкКл Π΄ΠΎ 13,551 [9,288; 18,405] мкКл. Выявили отсутствиС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ клиничСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ послС трансфузии Π‘Π—ΠŸ.Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ элСктрохимичСских ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с тяТСлой сочСтанной Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ послС трансфузии Π‘Π—ΠŸ, выявили, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ, нСсмотря Π½Π° отсутствиС ΠΈΠ·- ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ… ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, опрСдСляСмых Ρ€ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, происходят измСнСния Π² состоя- Π½ΠΈΠΈ антиоксидантной систСмы ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² смСщСнии Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ПРЦ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ сниТСнии антиоксидантной Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ- сти. ΠΠ°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ баланса ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈ- тия ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стрСсса

    INVESTIGATION OF SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMERIC MINERAL-FILLED COMPOSITES FOR MEDICINE

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    The polymer compositions on the base of acrylic derivatives and bentonite particles modified by silver ions with various share and dispersion are received and studied by radical polymerization in the water. Partially neutralized acrylic acid, acrylamide and methylene-bis-acrilamide and particles of bentonite with fraction 0 - 0,05 mass.% are chosen as initial substances. The influence of bentonite concentration on absorbing characteristics of polymer materials in the distilled water is shown. It is demonstrated that the increase of bentonite fraction up to 5 mass.% leads to the rise of degree of equilibrium swelling by 1,5 – 2 times in comparison with an unfilled polymer matrix. The acrylic nanocompositions with a mass fraction of bentonite equal to 0,01 mass.% possess the greatest kinetic characteristics. Kinetic dependences of new composite materials swelling in physiological solution from a filler dispersion part are investigated. It is shown that in high dispersion (with particle size less than 0,25 mm) a part of mineral–containing filler equal to 1 mass.% leads to significant increase in values of equilibrium swelling degree in comparison with an unfilled sample (by 1,5 times). The effect of polyelectrolyte suppression of polymer composition swelling in physiological solution is studied. It results in values reduction of equilibrium swelling degree in comparison with these values in the distilled water. Application prospects for the received compositions are shown at bandages creation for wounds treatment of various etiologies. Research results are recommended for usage in medical practice for optimization of wound process march

    Parameters of the Blood Oxidant/Antioxidant System in Elderly Patients with Acute Poisoning

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    The aim of the study was to assess the oxidant/antioxidant status in elderly patients in the early period of acute poisoning by psychotropic drugs or corrosive substances.Material and methods. An open prospective observational study with retrospective control was conducted in 80 patients (age β‰₯ 60 years) with acute poisoning, of which 49 patients aged 72.1Β±9.55 years had psychotropic drug poisoning (PDP) and 31 subjects aged 73.0Β±10.3 years had corrosive substance poisoning (CSP). Patients with mild poisoning were excluded from the study. The control group consisted of 39 volunteers aged 68.3Β±6.3 years. Total antioxidant status (TAS), blood levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), stable nitric oxide metabolites (nitrite/nitrate, NOx), and oxidative stress index (MDA/TAS) were measured on days 1, 3 and 5 after hospital admission.Results. When analyzing the changes in the parameters of the oxidant/antioxidant system, we observed lower values of the studied parameters in patients with both PDP and CSP compared to the control group. In patients with PDP, several parameters were reduced: MDA by 1.2 times on days 1 and 3 (P=0.002; P=0.008, respectively), NOx by 1.7 times (P&lt;0.001) at all stages of the study, MDA/TAS by 2.4–2.9 times (P&lt;0.001). In patients with CSP, MDA level decreased by 1.1–1.2 times at all study timepoints (P=0.003; P=0.010; P=0.046, respectively), NOx dropped 1.4–1.6-fold (P=0.012; P=0.004; P=0.023, respectively), and MDA/TAS decreased by 2.3–2.4 times (P&lt;0.001). While comparing patients with favorable and fatal outcome, we found that in survived patients an increase of MDA/TAS along with growing NOx level was seen by day 5 with no significant changes of MDA and TAS, while in non-survivors MDA/TAS dropped continuously due to progressive fall of NOx level, reaching values 2.8–2.9 times (P&lt;0.001) lower than those of the controls.Conclusion. In elderly patients with acute poisonings due to psychotropic drugs or corrosive substances, an inadequate response of the oxidant/antioxidant system occurs manifesting as a reduced blood level of peroxidation products with simultaneous normal or slightly decreased concentration of antioxidant protection system components. Thus, the oxidative stress develops, which contributes to the death of the patients
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