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Gas-Phase Synthesis of Triphenylene (C18 H12 ).
For the last decades, the hydrogen-abstraction-acetylene-addition (HACA) mechanism has been widely invoked to rationalize the high-temperature synthesis of PAHs as detected in carbonaceous meteorites (CM) and proposed to exist in the interstellar medium (ISM). By unravelling the chemistry of the 9-phenanthrenyl radical ([C14 H9 ]. ) with vinylacetylene (C4 H4 ), we present the first compelling evidence of a barrier-less pathway leading to a prototype tetracyclic PAH - triphenylene (C18 H12 ) - via an unconventional hydrogen abstraction-vinylacetylene addition (HAVA) mechanism operational at temperatures as low as 10β
K. The barrier-less, exoergic nature of the reaction reveals HAVA as a versatile reaction mechanism that may drive molecular mass growth processes to PAHs and even two-dimensional, graphene-type nanostructures in cold environments in deep space thus leading to a better understanding of the carbon chemistry in our universe through the untangling of elementary reactions on the most fundamental level
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»ΡΒ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ
The article substantiates the relevance of comprehensive comparison of various versions of vehicles for off-road container transportation. Following the need to identify a specific engineering solution for development of a tracked road train, it is proposed to use the analytic hierarchy process designed to solve problems associated with determining the priorities of the multicriteria hierarchical structure of the goal, as well as in the presence of heterogeneous criteria or dimensional and dimensionless indicators. The comprehensive comparison of vehicles for off-road container transportation is based on the hierarchy of the mobility features, which is considered decisive for the choice of the priority variant of the structural design. The objective of the work is to substantiate the choice of a priority engineering solution for structural design of tracked road trains for off-road container transportation based on a scientifically grounded hierarchy of the mobility features. To attain the objective, a consistent solution of the following tasks is suggested as follows: development of requirements for vehicles and for a hierarchy of operational properties; analysis of existing structural design and layout solutions and justification of the choice of alternative solutions (specific designs of tracked road trains); conduct of a hierarchical synthesis of criteria based on the results of expert assessment; identification of the preliminary priority of alternative solutions; obtaining indicators of operational properties by methods of simulation mathematical modelling and/or full-scale mathematical modelling; choice of the priority engineering solution. The article discusses the feasibility of using tracked road trains both for transportation of a single 45-foot container and for simultaneous transportation of two 20-foot containers with a total mass of 61 tonnes. The analysis of the existing versions of structural design of tracked road trains has shown that only a vehicle of SVG-701 Β«YamalΒ» series, developed in the 1980s and which is not currently manufactured, can provide such a payload capacity. Existing modern articulated tracked vehicles cannot provide transportation of such goods. Hence, the relevance of the task of determining the priority engineering solution referring to structural design and layout of tracked road trains at the present stage of development of technology. Tracked single-hinged articulated semi-trailer road train and a doublehinged tracked road train are proposed as variants of structural design and layout versions of tracked road trains for off-road container transportation. Based on the analytic hierarchy process, opinions of experts and the hierarchy of operational properties, it was established that the engineering solution referring to double-hinged tracked road train should be prioritised. However, due to the small difference between the values of indicators used to select the options, it is necessary to conduct further studies to determine the values of the indicators of operational properties and to re-compare the options considering the results obtained.ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈ- ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ: ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²; Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ² (ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ²); ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ; ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²; ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ; ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 45-ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
20-ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ 61 Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π‘ΠΠ-701 Β«Π―ΠΌΠ°Π»Β», ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π² 80-Ρ
Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ. Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΊΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½- ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·- Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ: ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ².
Open Circuit Potential Shifts of Activated Carbon in Aqueous Solutions During Chemical and Adsorption Interactions
Interaction of certain inorganic and organic compounds with activated carbon and the effect of such interaction on open circuit potential of activated carbon were studied. Open circuit potential shifts were observed for an overwhelming majority of the substances and brands of activated carbons investigated. Both negative and positive potential shifts were observed. It was shown that open circuit potential shifts for organic substances depend on degree of coverage of the activated carbon surface. Whereas adsorption of investigated organic compound on activated carbon led to positive potential shifts, desorption of adsorbates from the activated carbon surface led to potential shifts in the opposite direction. Furthermore, time dependencies of open circuit potential shifts were similar for different carbon brands. The magnitude of the shifts depended on the adsorbate, adsorption activity of the adsorbent, and the steric configuration of potential-determinative pores and adsorbate molecules
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ»-D-Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»-Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»-ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ»-Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ° (ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½) Π½Π° ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ: ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
ΠΠΠ’Π£ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠ‘Π’Π¬: Π’ΡΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ° (Π’Π‘Π’) ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΒ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° Π·Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Π΄ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΒ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π¦ΠΠΠ¬ ΠΠ‘Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ―: ΠΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ»-D-Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»-Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»-ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»-Π»Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ»-Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ° (ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°) Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΒ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΒ Π’Π‘Π’ ΠΈΒ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ« Π ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ«: ΠΒ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ 104Β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΒ Π’Π‘Π’. ΠΒ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π° 38Β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π²Β Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ 66Β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½ Π²Β Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡ Π²Β Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 10Β ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Ρ Π²Β ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ 12Β Ρ ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Β ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΒ 5Β ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Ρ Π΄ΠΎ 72Β Ρ ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (0-Π΅Β ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ), Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅ 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 ΠΈΒ 14-Π΅Β ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π ΠΠΠ£ΠΠ¬Π’ΠΠ’Π«: ΠΒ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄, ΡΒ 1-Ρ
Β ΡΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΡΒ Β 0,05), ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π²Β Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π° (ΡΒ <Β 0,05). Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ) Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π²Β Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π° (ΡΒ <Β 0,05), Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΡ, Π½Π°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π½) Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΡ. ΠΠ«ΠΠΠΠ«: ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊΒ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΒ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ
Purpose: to study the dynamics of blood plasma electrochemical parameters in patients with severe combined trauma before and after fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions.Materials and methods. The open circuit potential (OCP) of platinum electrode and antioxidant activity of blood plasma were studied in 35 patients with severe combined trauma and 35 post-FFP samples with at least 6-month shelf life. The electrochemical parameters of patientsβ blood plasma were analyzed before transfusion, and 1 hr. and 24 hrs. after transfusion.Results. OCP measured in FFP was found to be more positive vs. OCP measured in recipients' blood plasma in 34 out of 35 cases (97%). It has been shown that in patients with severe combined trauma, OCP increased from 5.047 [-7.553; 12.976] mV to 12.827 [-1.372; 24.764] mV and antioxidant activity decreased 24 hours after FFP transfusion from 16.979 [11.302; 20.946] Β΅C to 13.551 [9.288; 18.405] Β΅C. After FFP transfusion, there were no signiο¬cant changes in clinical blood parameters.Conclusion. By measuring electrochemical parameters of blood plasma in patients with severe combined trauma before and after FFP transfusions, it was discovered that in spite of absence of changes in blood parameters by routine methods, there are changes in the condition of the antioxidant system of the body, which manifest in the bias of patientsβ blood plasma OCP towards higher positive values and decreased antioxidant activity. Redox imbalance in the body might cause the oxidative stress development.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ (Π‘ΠΠ).ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈ (ΠΠ Π¦) ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ 35-ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ 35-ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Π‘ΠΠ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 6 ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Π². ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈ- ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 1 ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ 24 ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΠ Π¦ Π² Π‘ΠΠ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈ- Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ Π¦, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² 34 ΠΈΠ· 35 ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² (97%). ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈ- Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ Π¦ Ρ 5,047 [-7,553; 12,976] ΠΌΠ Π΄ΠΎ 12,827 [-1,372; 24,764] ΠΌΠ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 24 ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ- ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΠ Ρ 16,979 [11,302; 20,946] ΠΌΠΊΠΠ» Π΄ΠΎ 13,551 [9,288; 18,405] ΠΌΠΊΠΠ». ΠΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΠ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΠ, Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·- ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡ- Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΠ Π¦ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ- ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈ- ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°
INVESTIGATION OF SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMERIC MINERAL-FILLED COMPOSITES FOR MEDICINE
The polymer compositions on the base of acrylic derivatives and bentonite particles modified by silver ions with various share and dispersion are received and studied by radical polymerization in the water. Partially neutralized acrylic acid, acrylamide and methylene-bis-acrilamide and particles of bentonite with fraction 0 - 0,05 mass.% are chosen as initial substances. The influence of bentonite concentration on absorbing characteristics of polymer materials in the distilled water is shown. It is demonstrated that the increase of bentonite fraction up to 5 mass.% leads to the rise of degree of equilibrium swelling by 1,5 β 2 times in comparison with an unfilled polymer matrix. The acrylic nanocompositions with a mass fraction of bentonite equal to 0,01 mass.% possess the greatest kinetic characteristics. Kinetic dependences of new composite materials swelling in physiological solution from a filler dispersion part are investigated. It is shown that in high dispersion (with particle size less than 0,25 mm) a part of mineralβcontaining filler equal to 1 mass.% leads to significant increase in values of equilibrium swelling degree in comparison with an unfilled sample (by 1,5 times). The effect of polyelectrolyte suppression of polymer composition swelling in physiological solution is studied. It results in values reduction of equilibrium swelling degree in comparison with these values in the distilled water. Application prospects for the received compositions are shown at bandages creation for wounds treatment of various etiologies. Research results are recommended for usage in medical practice for optimization of wound process march
Parameters of the Blood Oxidant/Antioxidant System in Elderly Patients with Acute Poisoning
The aim of the study was to assess the oxidant/antioxidant status in elderly patients in the early period of acute poisoning by psychotropic drugs or corrosive substances.Material and methods. An open prospective observational study with retrospective control was conducted in 80 patients (age β₯ 60 years) with acute poisoning, of which 49 patients aged 72.1Β±9.55 years had psychotropic drug poisoning (PDP) and 31 subjects aged 73.0Β±10.3 years had corrosive substance poisoning (CSP). Patients with mild poisoning were excluded from the study. The control group consisted of 39 volunteers aged 68.3Β±6.3 years. Total antioxidant status (TAS), blood levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), stable nitric oxide metabolites (nitrite/nitrate, NOx), and oxidative stress index (MDA/TAS) were measured on days 1, 3 and 5 after hospital admission.Results. When analyzing the changes in the parameters of the oxidant/antioxidant system, we observed lower values of the studied parameters in patients with both PDP and CSP compared to the control group. In patients with PDP, several parameters were reduced: MDA by 1.2 times on days 1 and 3 (P=0.002; P=0.008, respectively), NOx by 1.7 times (P<0.001) at all stages of the study, MDA/TAS by 2.4β2.9 times (P<0.001). In patients with CSP, MDA level decreased by 1.1β1.2 times at all study timepoints (P=0.003; P=0.010; P=0.046, respectively), NOx dropped 1.4β1.6-fold (P=0.012; P=0.004; P=0.023, respectively), and MDA/TAS decreased by 2.3β2.4 times (P<0.001). While comparing patients with favorable and fatal outcome, we found that in survived patients an increase of MDA/TAS along with growing NOx level was seen by day 5 with no signiο¬cant changes of MDA and TAS, while in non-survivors MDA/TAS dropped continuously due to progressive fall of NOx level, reaching values 2.8β2.9 times (P<0.001) lower than those of the controls.Conclusion. In elderly patients with acute poisonings due to psychotropic drugs or corrosive substances, an inadequate response of the oxidant/antioxidant system occurs manifesting as a reduced blood level of peroxidation products with simultaneous normal or slightly decreased concentration of antioxidant protection system components. Thus, the oxidative stress develops, which contributes to the death of the patients
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