Syndrome D’aniridie Associé À La Dermatite Atopique: À Propos D’un Cas

Aniridia syndrome is a genetic anomaly affecting all ocular structures; it is transmitted by an autosomal dominant mode. In its isolated form aniridia is characterized by a hypoplasia of the iris frequently associated with other ocular anomalies. It the syndromic form it is associated to other systemic abnormalities. Authors are here reporting a case of aniridia associating: a corneal pannus, total aniridia, lens ectopia, and cataract found in a 14 years old girl. She also presented an atopic background with a positive family history of atopia. She is issued from a first degree consanguineous marriage. The management was multidisciplinary. In ophthalmology she underwent an intra-capsular extraction of the lens in both eyes with no intra-ocular lens implantation. Dermatological management was treatment of cuteanous lesions with emollients, corticoids and antihistamines drugs and ointments

Morbidity hotspot surveillance: A novel approach to detect lymphatic filariasis transmission in non-endemic areas of the Tillabéry region of Niger

The Niger Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) Programme is making good progress towards the elimination goal and scaling up morbidity management and disability prevention (MMDP) activities. Clinical case mapping and the increased availability of services has prompted patients to come forward in both endemic and non-endemic districts. The latter included Filingué, Baleyara and Abala districts of the Tillabéry region, and in 2019, 315 patients were found during a follow-up active case finding activity, suggesting it may have low transmission. The aim of this study was to assess the endemicity status in areas reporting clinical cases, ‘morbidity hotspots’, in three non-endemic districts of the Tillabéry region. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 12 villages in June 2021. Filarial antigen was detected using the rapid Filariasis Test Strip (FTS) diagnostic, and information obtained on gender, age, residency length, bed net ownership and usage, and presence of hydrocoele and/or lymphoedema. Data were summarised and mapped using QGIS software. A total of 4058 participants between 5 and 105 years old were surveyed, with 29 (0.7%) participants found to be FTS positive. Baleyara district had significantly higher FTS positive rates than the other districts. No significant differences were found by gender (male 0.8%; female 0.6%), age group (<26 years 0.7%; ≥26 years 0. 7%), and residency length (<5 years 0.7%; ≥5 years 0.7%). Three villages reported no infections; seven villages <1%, one village 1.1% and one village 4.1%, which was on the border of an endemic district. Bed net ownership (99.2%) and usage (92.6%) was very high and there was no significant difference between FTS infection rates. The results indicate that there are low levels of transmission in populations, including children, living in districts previously classified as non-endemic. This has implications for the Niger LF programme in terms of delivering targeted mass drug administration (MDA) in transmission hotspots, and MMDP services, including hydrocoele surgery to patients. The use of morbidity data may be a practical proxy to trigger mapping of ongoing transmission in low endemic areas. Continued efforts to study morbidity hotspots, post-validation transmission, cross-border and cross-district endemicity are needed to meet the WHO NTD 2030 roadmap targets

Evaluation technique et economique des formules alimentaires de blocs multi nutritionnels d’embouche ovine au Niger

L’essai conduit en 75 j à la station de recherche de Kollo visait l’évaluation des performances de croissance des béliers nourris avec 5 formules alimentaires à base des ressources locales associées au tourteau de coton et son de blé. Le matériel biologique était constitué de 50 béliers de race Ara-Ara, âgés de 18 à 24 mois et de poids moyen de 25,00 ±3,02 kg. Les rations ont été distribuées en 2 repas/jour et les refus ont été collectés chaque jour. La pesée des béliers a été faite par quinzaine en 2 jours successifs. Les prix des différents ingrédients ont été suivis sur les marchés de Kollo et Niamey durant l’essai. Les GMQ obtenus étaient de 95g/j pour la formule 1 ; 79 g/j pour la formule 2 ; 59 g/j pour la formule 3 ; 118 g/j pour la formule 4 et 75g/j pour la formule 5. Les meilleures performances ont été réalisées par les béliers ayant reçu les formules 1 et 4, avec des marges nettes/ bélier de 4623 FCFA pour la formule 1 et 4763 FCFA pour la formule 4. Les formules 4, 1 et 2, ayant été les plus rentables, sont recommandées aux emboucheurs et fabricants d’aliments pour le bétail.Mots clés: Blocs multi-nutritionnels, embouche, ovins, performancesEnglish Title: Technical and economical evaluation of feeds blocks in sheep fattening in NigerEnglish AbstractA ram’s feeding trial was conducted at Kollo Regional Center for Agricultural Research, with the objective to evaluate growth performance of Ara-Ara breed rams fed 5 feed formulas based on local feedstuffs associated with cottonseed meal and wheat bran. They were 50 Ara Ara breed rams old from18 to 24 months with an average weight of 25 ± 3.02 kg. Rams were allotted into 5 treatments (feed formulas, FF1 to FF5) with ten animals/treatment. Rams were dewormed, vaccinated and kept in individual pens for 75 days. Animals were fed 2 times/day and refusals collected daily. Sheep were weighted two-weekly during 2 successive days. Ingredient prices and labor cost were collected at Kollo and Niamey during the test period, for the economic evaluation. ADG was 95 for FF1, 79 for FF2, 59 for FF3, 118 for FF4 and 75g/day for FF5. Best ADG and feed conversion were achieved by rams fed FF4 and FF1. Results showed that best net margins/ram were 4,763 FCFA for formula 4 and 4,459 FCFA for formula 1. The best rate for financial and economic profitability was for formulas 4, 1 and 2 which. Consequently, farmers and feed processors can use formulas 4, 1 and 2.Keywords: Fattening, sheep, multi-nutritional blocks, performanc

Risk factors associated with failing pre-transmission assessment surveys (pre-TAS) in lymphatic filariasis elimination programs: Results of a multi-country analysis.

Achieving elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) as a public health problem requires a minimum of five effective rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) and demonstrating low prevalence in subsequent assessments. The first assessments recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) are sentinel and spot-check sites-referred to as pre-transmission assessment surveys (pre-TAS)-in each implementation unit after MDA. If pre-TAS shows that prevalence in each site has been lowered to less than 1% microfilaremia or less than 2% antigenemia, the implementation unit conducts a TAS to determine whether MDA can be stopped. Failure to pass pre-TAS means that further rounds of MDA are required. This study aims to understand factors influencing pre-TAS results using existing programmatic data from 554 implementation units, of which 74 (13%) failed, in 13 countries. Secondary data analysis was completed using existing data from Bangladesh, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ghana, Haiti, Indonesia, Mali, Nepal, Niger, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, and Uganda. Additional covariate data were obtained from spatial raster data sets. Bivariate analysis and multilinear regression were performed to establish potential relationships between variables and the pre-TAS result. Higher baseline prevalence and lower elevation were significant in the regression model. Variables statistically significantly associated with failure (p-value ≤0.05) in the bivariate analyses included baseline prevalence at or above 5% or 10%, use of Filariasis Test Strips (FTS), primary vector of Culex, treatment with diethylcarbamazine-albendazole, higher elevation, higher population density, higher enhanced vegetation index (EVI), higher annual rainfall, and 6 or more rounds of MDA. This paper reports for the first time factors associated with pre-TAS results from a multi-country analysis. This information can help countries more effectively forecast program activities, such as the potential need for more rounds of MDA, and prioritize resources to ensure adequate coverage of all persons in areas at highest risk of failing pre-TAS

Potential of combining the parasitoid Dinarmus basalis (Hymenoptera : Pteromalidae) with varietal resistance for the control of the cowpea bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

In this study, the potential of combining D. basalis with a resistant cowpea variety IT81D–994 for the control of C. maculatus populations was analyzed, with the use of TN 5-78, a susceptible variety as control.The result obtained showed that, in absence of D. basalis, the development time and the percentage of eggs mortality were not significantly different for both varieties. However, the variety IT81D–994 reduced significantly the bruchids larval development by causing higher mortality of larvae. The rate of larval mortality was 80% for this variety in the absence of the parasitoid D. basalis. The dynamic study of the bruchids populations showed that the combination of D. basalis reduced significantly the evolution of bruchids at storage. In fact, for both treatments, the number of bruchids was more important in jar with D. basalis than those without this parasitoid. For the IT81D–994, the evolution of bruchids population was completelyinhibited when the parasitoid was associated to the variety. Thus, the strategy combining D. basalis with varietal resistant was a potential way to control bruchids population in the field and in the storage system