The Interactive Effect of Organizational Politics in the Justice, Organizational Support and Job Satisfaction Relationships

The study of the antecedents of job satisfaction (JS) is important because of the strategic role JS plays in organizational productivity. Three pervasive perceptions of work environment, ganizational politics(OP), organizational support (POS) and justice (PJC) predict JS and affect individual’s decision in an exchange process. Joint effects of these variables have been theorized, but never tested. This study tested the interactive role of OP when POS, PJC and JS are contained in the same model. The study utilized 400 participants drawn from organizations in Nigeria. The results of the hierarchical multiple regression analyses, indicate that PJC and POS have direct effects on JS, while OP interacts with PJC to predict JS. The study highlights the importance of including OP, POS, and the PJC in JS model

Effects of co-administration of chloroquine with paracetamol or ibuprofen on renal function of rabbits

The effects of co-administration of oral chloroquine with paracetamol or with ibuprofen on renal function were studied using 6 groups of New Zealand White rabbits. Group 1, the control group received only feed and water. The other groups (Groups 2-6) either received single therapies of paracetamol (10 mg/kg of body weight every 6 hours), ibuprofen (20 mg/kg of body weight/day) or chloroquine (5 mg/kg of body weight/day) or combined therapies of chloroquine and paracetamol or chloroquine and ibuprofen for 8 days. Measurements of serum urea, creatinine and electrolyte concentrations were used to assess renal function in these animals. The chloroquine-treated group had a significant (p<0.05) decrease in serum sodium and potassium concentrations and a significant increase (p<0.05) in serum urea and creatinine concentrations when compared with the corresponding values of the control group. The groups treated with combined therapy (groups 5 and 6) had significant increases (P<0.05) in serum urea and creatinine concentrations, and significant decreases in sodium and potassium levels when compared with the chloroquine-treated group (group 4). These results confirm that acute administration of chloroquine impairs kidney function and further shows that this renotoxicity is exacerbated when chloroquine is co-administered with paracetamol or with ibuprofen, two common drugs used to manage fever.Key words: Chloroquine, co-administration, paracetamol, ibuprofen renal toxicity

Relationships Among Silence Climate, Employee Silence Behaviour and Work Attitudes: The Role of Self-Esteem and Locus of Control

Employee silence behaviour is a major impediment in organisations' attempt to leverage on the stock of knowledge in its diverse workforce. In order to contribute to the nnderstanding ofthis concept, Dirnitras and Vakola tested a silence behaviour model in which silence climate was fmmd to affect the enactment of employees silence behaviour. The model tested in this study improved on this by accmmt:ing for the moderating role of selfesteem and locus of control and also indicating silence behaviour as both antecedent and outcome of work attitudes. Results obtained justify the reconunended expansion. Reconunendations are to always accmmt for individual differences in silence behaviour model and apply system management in the application of the model

Marriage as a peace-making device in conflict situations among the Igbo: Examples from selected Igbo plays

Marriage is a revered institution in Igbo land but it has been bedeviled by various problems and conflicts. However, despite all these, marriage has also been used as a peace making device and these have been reflected in various Igbo texts. This paper examines marriage as a peace making device among the Igbo as seen from three Igbo literary texts; Udo Ka Mma, Eriri Mara Ngwugwu and Ajọ Obi. The study sees lack of finance as presented in Udo Ka Mma, lack of a male child in Eriri Mara Ngwugwu and lack of trust in Ajọ Obi as possible reasons for conflict and its consequences among the Igbos. The study adopts an eclectic approach which embodies social conflict theory and psychoanalytic theory in the analysis of data. The findings reveal that some characters in the plays exhibit idiosyncratic tendencies which make them self centred and impair their vision. Moreover, it is discovered that clash of interest, greed, infidelity, inordinate ambition, suspicion and intrigue abound in the relationship of the characters involved in the plays and these led to a chaotic end. The study is therefore, of the view that people should shun some of these obnoxious practices that cause conflicts in the society and embrace peace. Marriage is a veritable tool used in conflict resolution in Igbo land and these can be seen in the three texts where different conflicts were settled through marriage

Opinions and Strategies in Mainstreaming Gender Studies in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions

This study investigated the preparedness of Nigerian Universities inmainstreaming Gender education as a general studies (GSS/GST) course.The study tried to provide data on benefits of mainstreaming gendereducation and strategies for successful mainstreaming of gender education. Cross River University of Technology, Calabar – Nigeria and University of Calabar, Calabar – Nigeria were used for the study. Subjects for this study were one hundred and thirty eight (138) lecturers, fifty (50) of which were heads of department. In addition, one hundred and sixty two (162) studentswere used making a total sample of three hundred (300). The questionnaireused sought the opinions of administrators/HODs, lecturers and students onthe benefits or otherwise of inclusion of Gender Studies in tertiaryinstitutions in Nigeria. Frequency counts and percentages were used toanalyze the data. Findings show that the inclusive of Gender Studies in theGST/GSS program would be a welcome idea because it will help bridge thegab between inequalities as well as promote general development

ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL OF DYES FROM SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER USING ACTIVATED CARBON FROM TAMARIND SEED

Activated carbon prepared from seed (Tamarindus indica) was utilized for the removal of orange G and safranin O dyes from aqueous solution. Chemical activation using orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) was employed for the preparation of activated carbon. The effect of various factors namely; particle size, pH, adsorbent dosage, ion concentration, and contact time was studied to identify the adsorption capacity of the tamarind seed. The percentage of dye adsorbed was found to be dependent on these factors. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models are fitted into the graphs, but the Freundlich isotherm model is best-fitted into the experimental data. The pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich, and Bhattacharya-Venkobachor kinetic models were also fitted into the graphs, but pseudo-second order is best fitted into the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy, entropy, and free energy were evaluated using the Van’t Hoff equations. The negative free energy (∆G) and negative enthalpy (∆H) indicate the feasibility and exothermic nature of the adsorption process. The positive entropy (∆S) shows the increased randomness of the solid/solution interface during the adsorption process. The chemical functional groups, crystalline nature, and the surface morphology of the carbon adsorbents were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Characteristics of the activated carbons were determined using standard methods

Effects Of Pioglitazone On Atherogenic Risk Predictor Indices Of Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rabbits

The effects of pioglitazone alone and in combination with either sulphonylurea or metformin on the atherogenic risk predictor indices of alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits were studied using five groups (A, B, C, D and E) of rabbits. Results of the mean values of plasma glucose, lipoproteins and atherogenic risk predictor indices determined after 4 and 8 weeks of drug administration showed that the plasma glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL levels significantly (p<0.05) decreased while HDL-cholesterol significantly (p<0.05) increased in the treated groups C, D and E when compared to group B, the diabetic control, after 4 weeks of drug administration. A greater positive effect was recorded after 8 weeks. The mean values of atherogenic risk predictor indices-- LDL-C/HDL-C and log (TG/HDL-C) after 4 and 8 weeks of drug administration were found to be significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the treated groups C, D and E when compared to group B (diabetic control) with a greater decrease also occurring after 8 weeks. The findings also showed positive synergistic effects of co-administered antidiabetic drugs like sulphonylurea and metformin on the atherogenic risk predictor indices

In-Vitro Effect of some Commonly Found Botanicals on the Growth and Sporulation of Choanephora Cucurbitarum (Berkeley and Ravenel)

A soft rot infection of Abelmoschus esculentus, Amaranthus hybridus and Vigna unguiculata was observed in home gardens and Government farms in the 2010 cropping season. This disease caused remarkable yield loss in these crops. Due to residual effects of synthetic chemical control, it became necessary to test the potency of some botanicals on the growth and  sporulation of the fungus as a control measure.  The  procedures involved isolation and identification of the fungus and potency trials of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the  botanicals on the assay fungus. The isolated fungus was confirmed  as Choanephora cucurbitarum. The extracts were obtained from Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Gmelina arborea Roxb, Chromolaena odorata Linnaeus and Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Different concentrations of the extracts (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%) were used. With ethanol extract, there was complete inhibition of growth by all plant extracts and at all concentrations;  and a little growth in aqueous extracts with Azadirachta indica showing the highest inhibitory effect, while C. odorata showed the lowest inhibitory effect on the first day, (A. indica, 0.1 ± 0.0 ≥ G. arborea, 0.1 ± 0.0 ˃ Z. officinale, 0.2 ± 0.0 ˃ C. odorata, 0.3 ± 0.0). On the last day, the level of inhibition was as follows A. indica, 0.4 ± 0.0 ˃ G. arborea, 0.6 ± 0.0 ˃ Z. officinale, 0.7 ± 0.0 ≥ C. odorata 0.7 ± 0.0. The inhibitory effect increased with increase in the percentage concentration of the extracts. The  potency  was also due in part to the phytochemical constituents of the plant extracts which was observed from the screening test that Saponins, Tannins, Alkaloids, Cardiac glycosides, Flavonoids, Reducing Compounds, Polyphenol, Phlobatannins, Anthraquinones and Hydroxymethyl anthraquinones were either present or absent. Ke words: Botanicals, Cross-River, Phytochemicals, Extract, Susceptibility.

Functional assessments and histopathology of hepatorenal tissues of rats treated with raw and processed herbs

The present study ascertained the functional integrity of hepatic and renal tissues, concurrently with blood lipid patterns, of Wistar rats infused with CCl4 and treated with raw and hydrothermal processed herbs, namely, Monodora myristica, Chromolaena odorata, Buccholzia coriacea and Sphenostylis stenocarpa. Measurement of phytochemical contents of the herbs was according to standard methods. The rats were randomly designated on the bases of diets and treatments received for 28 consecutive days. Fibrosis was induced in the Wistar rats by single dose intra-peritoneal injection of CCl4 for 2 consecutive days. Liver and kidney function tests and serum lipid profile were measured using spectrophotometric methods. Renal and hepatic tissues were subjected to histopathological examinations. The concentrations of alkaloids in the four herbal extracts were within the range of 4.83±0.03 - 31.33±0.29 mg/100 g sample, whereas the concentrations of saponins varied within a relatively narrow range: 0.33±0.09 - 4.33±0.02 mg/100 g dry sample; p > 0.05. The activity ratios of AST to ALT of the rat groups were generally less than 1.0 unit. Atherogenic indices of fibrotic rats were within the following ranges: TAG/HDL-C ratio (3.59±0.03 - 6.76±0.06), TC/HDL-C ratio (3.72±0.02 - 6.94±0.05) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (2.00±0.01 - 4.59±0.02). Losses in phytochemical contents following hydrothermal processing of the herbs did not substantially affect their overall therapeutic scores against morpho-logical and functional impairments of hepatic and renal tissues following CCl4 intoxication of the rats. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.82322