PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG PERAN GIZI SEIMBANG DENGAN KOMPOSISI ISI PIRINGKU PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

In Sorong city, West Papua Province shows that the results of laboratory tests for covid-19 in November 2020, there were an additional 25 positive Covid-19 people, 19 people from Sorong City, and six people from Manokwari Regency. Total positive cases covid-19 in West Papua increased to 4,640 people or 17,3% of the total number of people who had been examined, as many as 26,813. Balanced nutrition is a good step for people in Klamono Village, Klawana Village, to find out how to improve the immune system and prevent contracting Covid-19. This community service aims to increase public knowledge about the role of balanced nutrition during the Covid-19 pandemic. The subjects of this community service are adults and the elderly, as many as 30 people aged between 20 - 51 years. The methods used in this community service are lecture, observation, and documentation. The results of this community service showed that the percentage of previous participants 'knowledge was 55,32%. Furthermore, the post-test results showed that the participants' knowledge had increased to 100%. They understood balanced nutrition with the composition of the contents of my plate as a form of prevention of Covid-19—positive response from participants in the discussion. Nutrition balanced with the contents of my plate is a substitute for four healthy five perfect, which is very easy to understand and apply by participants in their daily life. Consuming balanced nutritious food and drinks with the composition of the contents of my plate will help maintain the body and improve the body's immune system during the Covid-19 pandemic. ... Di Kota Sorong, Provinsi Papua Barat menunjukkan bahwa hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium covid-19 pada bulan november tahun 2020, terdapat penambahan 25 orang positif covid-19 , yang berasal dari Kota Sorong 19 orang, dan Kabupaten Manokwari 6 orang, total kasus positif covid-19 di Papua Barat bertambah menjadi 4.640 orang atau 17,3% dari total jumlah orang yang telah diperiksa sebanyak 26.813 orang. Gizi seimbang merupakan langkah baik bagi masyarakat di Kelurahan Klamono, Kampung Klawana untuk mengetahui cara meningkatkan sistim imun dan pencegahan tertular covid-19. Pengabmas ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang peran gizi seimbang pada masa pandemi covid-19. Subjek pada pengabmas ini adalah orang dewasa dan lansia, sebanyak 30 orang, berusia antara 20 - 51 tahun. Metode yang digunakan pada pengabmas ini adalah metode ceramah menggunakan power point, dan diberikan pre–post test kepada peserta, serta dokumentasi. Hasil pengabmas ini menunjukkan bahwa presentase pengetahuan peserta sebelumnya sebesar 55,32% dan hasil post test menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan peserta meningkat menjadi 100% setelah diberikan ceramah, peserta telah memahami gizi seimbang dengan komposisi isi piringku. Respon positif dari peserta dengan adanya pertanyaan dan diskusi. Gizi seimbang dengan isi piringku merupakan pengganti 4 sehat lima sempurna, yang sangat mudah dipahami dan diterapkan oleh peserta dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Mengonsumsi makanan dan minuman bergizi seimbang dengan komposisi isi piringku akan membantu menjaga tubuh dan meningkatkan sistim imunitas tubuh pada masa pandemi covid-19.

Cartografia do uso atual das terras nas Áreas de Proteção Ambiental de Sousas e Joaquim Egídio, Campinas-SP, Brasil.

Divulga os resultados do levantamento, utilizando sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento, do uso das terras nas APAS de Sousas e Joaquim Egídio, no Município de Campinas-SP

What do Republicans and Democrats think about climate change? It depends on where they live

As with most political issues, neither Republicans nor Democrats are completely against or in favor of action to tackle climate change. In new research Matto Mildenberger, Peter Howe, Jennifer Marlon, and Anthony Leiserowitz investigate how support for climate action varies from state to state for both party's supporters. They find that the belief that global warming is happening as well as support for particular climate mitigation policies varies widely across both states and congressional districts. Many Republicans, for example, believe that global warming is happening, but not that it is human-caused. Such contradictory beliefs, however, do not seem to affect Republicans’ support for funding research on renewables or even the regulation of carbon pollution

Efecto agudo de moringa oleífera sobre la hiperglucemia inducida por dexametasona en ratas Wistar

INTRODUCCIÓN: Se han atribuido muchos efectos beneficiosos a la moringa oleífera en varias publicaciones siendo de gran interés su efecto hipoglicemiante por disminución de la absorción intestinal de glucosa, aunque no está definido si su eficacia hipoglicemiante sería igual o mayor a algún hipoglicemiante oral conocido. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto agudo de moringa oleífera en hiperglucemia inducida por dexametasona en ratas Wistar hembras, así como comparar su efecto hipoglicemiante con la metformina. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio experimental, tres grupos de cinco ratas Wistar hembras, con peso de 188 ± 11 gramos. Se realizó la medición de la glucemia basal con glucómetro, después de 12 horas de ayuno, la inicial al principio del experimento, luego fueron tratadas con dexametasona 10 mg/kg/día, subcutánea, durante 10 días y se tomó la glicemia post dexametasona . Los días 11 a 14, recibieron el grupo 1 (suero fisiológico), grupo 2 (moringa oleífera 300 mg/kg/día) y grupo 3 (metformina 14,28 mg/kp/día), por sonda oro gástrica, el día 15 se tomó la glucemia post tratamiento. Se analizó el promedio, desviación estándar y la correlación mediante la prueba la prueba T de Student, se consideró P < a 0,05 como significativa. RESULTADOS: Grupo 1 (control): glucemia inicial (117 ± 21 mg/dl), post- dexametasona (445 ± 260 mg/dl) y post tratamiento (222 ± 5 mg/dL), Grupo 2 (moringa oleífera): glucemia inicial (95±27 mg/dl), post dexametasona (413 ± 184 mg/dl) y post tratamiento (102 ± 18 mg/dl) y del Grupo 3 (metformina): glucemia inicial (110 ± 5 mg/dl), post-dexametasona (470 ± 146 mg/dl) y post tratamiento (88 ± 11 mg/dL). La glucemia pos tratamiento mostró diferencias entre el grupo 1 y 2 (p < 0,0001), entre el grupo 1 y 3 (p < 0,0001) no hallándose diferencias entre los grupos moringa oleífera y metformina (p = 0,1). DISCUSIÓN: la moringa oleífera disminuye en forma aguda la hiperglucemia inducida por dexametasona en ratas hembras Wistar, con la misma eficacia que la metformin

A cross-sectional comparative study of gut bacterial community of Indian and Finnish children

The human gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the compositional development of gut microbiota. Though well documented in western pediatrics population, little is known about how various host conditions affect populations in different geographic locations such as the Indian subcontinent. Given the impact of distinct environmental conditions, our study assess the gut bacterial diversity of a small cohort of Indian and Finnish children and investigated the influence of FUT2 secretor status and birth mode on the gut microbiome of these populations. Using multiple profiling techniques, we show that the gut bacterial community structure in 13-14-year-old Indian (n = 47) and Finnish (n = 52) children differs significantly. Specifically, Finnish children possessed higher Blautia and Bifidobacterium, while genera Prevotella and Megasphaera were predominant in Indian children. Our study also demonstrates a strong influence of FUT2 and birth mode variants on specific gut bacterial taxa, influence of which was noticed to differ between the two populations under study

Ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel patients exhibit distinct abnormalities of the gut microbiota

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Previous studies suggest a link between gut microbiota and the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Our aim was to investigate any quantitative differences in faecal bacterial compositions in UC and IBS patients compared to healthy controls, and to identify individual bacterial species that contribute to these differences.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Faecal microbiota of 13 UC patients, 11 IBS patients and 22 healthy volunteers were analysed by PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) using universal and Bacteroides specific primers. The data obtained were normalized using in-house developed statistical method and interrogated by multivariate approaches. The differentiated bands were excised and identified by sequencing the V3 region of the 16S rRNA genes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Band profiles revealed that number of predominant faecal bacteria were significantly different between UC, IBS and control group (p < 10^-4). By assessing the mean band numbers in UC (37 ± 5) and IBS (39 ± 6), compared to the controls (45 ± 3), a significant decrease in bacterial species is suggested (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences between IBS and UC. Biodiversity of the bacterial species was significantly lower in UC (μ = 2.94, σ = 0.29) and IBS patients (μ = 2.90, σ = 0.38) than controls (μ = 3.25, σ = 0.16; p = 0.01). Moreover, similarity indices revealed greater biological variability of predominant bacteria in UC and IBS compared to the controls (median Dice coefficients 76.1% (IQR 70.9 - 83.1), 73.8% (IQR 67.0 - 77.5) and 82.9% (IQR 79.1 - 86.7) respectively). DNA sequencing of discriminating bands suggest that the presence of <it>Bacteroides vulgatus, B. ovatus, B. uniformis</it>, and <it>Parabacteroides sp</it>. in healthy volunteers distinguishes them from IBS and UC patients. DGGE profiles of Bacteroides species revealed a decrease of Bacteroides community in UC relative to IBS and controls.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Molecular profiling of faecal bacteria revealed abnormalities of intestinal microbiota in UC and IBS patients, while different patterns of Bacteroides species loss in particular, were associated with UC and IBS.</p

Effects of an Early Handling-Like Procedure and Individual Housing on Anxiety-Like Behavior in Adult C57BL/6J and DBA/2J Mice

Manipulations of rearing conditions have been used to examine the effects of early experience on adult behavior with varying results. Evidence suggests that postnatal days (PND) 15–21 are a time of particular susceptibility to environmental influences on anxiety-like behavior in mice. To examine this, we subjected C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice to an early handling-like procedure. Pups were separated from dams from PND 12–20 for 30 minutes daily or received standard care. On PND 21, pups were weaned and either individually- or group- housed. On PND 60, anxiety-like behavior was examined on the elevated zero-maze. Although individually- housed animals took longer to enter an open quadrant of the maze, they spent more time in the open than group-housed animals. Additionally, we observed a trend of reduced anxiety-like behavior in C57BL/6J, but not DBA/2J mice that underwent the handling-like procedure

Immune activation in irritable bowel syndrome: can neuroimmune interactions explain symptoms?

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract characterized by pain or discomfort from the lower abdominal region, which is associated with altered bowel habit. Despite its prevalence, there is currently a lack of effective treatment options for patients. IBS has long been considered as a neurological condition resulting from alterations in the brain gut axis, but immunological alterations are increasingly reported in IBS patients, consistent with the hypothesis that there is a chronic, but low-grade, immune activation. Mediators released by immune cells act to either dampen or amplify the activity of GI nerves. Release of a number of these mediators correlates with symptoms of IBS, highlighting the importance of interactions between the immune and the nervous systems. Investigation of the role of microbiota in these interactions is in its early stages, but may provide many answers regarding the mechanisms underlying activation of the immune system in IBS. Identifying what the key changes in the GI immune system are in IBS and how these changes modulate viscerosensory nervous function is essential for the development of novel therapies for the underlying disorder.Patrick A. Hughes, Heddy Zola, Irmeli A. Penttila, L. Ashley Blackshaw, Jane M. Andrews, and Doreen Krumbiege