PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIDEO PENGENALAN ANAK AUTIS UNTUK GURU SEKOLAH DASAR INKLUSI

Anak penyandang autis merupakan bagian dari anak Indonesia yang mempunyai hak yang sama dengan anak normal lainnya. SDN Sedati Agung adalah salah satu sekolah di Sidoarjo yang telah melaksanakan program inklusi. Semua guru di sekolah inklusi memiliki beban kerja yang sama yaitu mengajar anak normal dan anak berkebutuhan khusus, namun setelah diadakan wawancara, guru memiliki kesulitan dalam proses belajar mengajar anak autis, banyak hal yang mereka belum mengerti tentang definisi, penyebab, ciri-ciri dan cara mengajar anak autis. Berdasarkan pada latar belakang yang telah dikemukakan, maka timbul rumusan masalah bahwa diperlukannya pengembangan media video Pengenalan Anak Autis untuk guru Sekolah Dasar Inklusi, bagaimana kelayakan media video, dan bagaimana efektivitas media video dalam meningkatan pengetahuan dan kinerja guru di SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. Pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sebuah produk media video Pengenalan Anak Autis, mengukur kelayakan media video dan mengetahui efektivitas media video guru dalam meningkatan pengetahuan dan kinerja guru sekolah dasar inklusi di SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. Media video pembelajaran ini dikemas dalam bentuk DVD dengan durasi 25 menit dan dilengkapi dengan bahan penyerta. Pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang pengujiannya menggunakan desain uji coba Arief Sadiman sebagai acuan, dikarenakan model pengembangan ADDIE lebih tepat dengan langkah-langkah yang sistematis namun dengan penyajian yang sederhana dikombinasikan dengan keakuratan desain uji coba pengembangan Arief Sadiman  dengan berbagai tahap ujicobanya. Pengembangan media ini diperoleh jenis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Uji coba media dibagi menjadi 3 tahap, tahap pertama uji ahli materi dan media, tahap kedia uji perorangan dan kelompok kecil, dan tahap ketiga uji kelompok besar. Subjek uji coba yaitu 2 orang ahli materi, 2 orang ahli media, dan 18 guru sekolah dasar inklusi dalam uji coba lapangan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah rerata nilai untuk wawancara, teknik perhitungan PSA (Penilaian Setiap Aspek) untuk  angket dan teknik uji-t untuk tes. Hasil uji validasi kelayakan media video ini berdasarkan hasil wawancara ahli materi adalah 3,44 (baik), hasil wawancara ahli media adalah 3,00 (baik), hasil angket uji coba perorangan 83,55 (baik sekali), hasil angket uji coba kelompok kecil 80 (baik sekali), hasil angket uji coba kelompok besar 81,77 (baik sekali). Berdasarkan hasil belajar guru pada penggunaan media video diperoleh d.b = N-1 = 18-1 = 17 dengan taraf kesalahan 5% (0,05) adalah 2,110 dan t-hitung adalah 11,24. Apabila t-tabel < t-hitung, maka 2,110 < 11,24. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembang telah berhasil menghasilkan media video Pengenalan Anak Autis untuk Guru Sekolah Dasar Inklusi, media video Pengenalan Anak Autis untuk Guru Sekolah Dasar Inklusi layak digunakan dan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunaan media video pengenalan anak autis terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan kinerja guru sekolah dasar inklusi di SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. Kata Kunci : Pengembangan, Media Video,  Autisme, Sekolah Dasar Inklusi Abstract Children with autism are part of Indonesian children have the same rights as any other normal child. SDN Sedati Agung is one school in Sidoarjo that have implemented inclusion programs. All teachers in inclusive schools have the same workload that teach normal children and children with special needs, but after the interview is held, the teachers had difficulty in the learning process of children with autism, many of the things they do not understand about the definition, causes, characteristics and how teaching children with autism. Based on the background that have been raised, then the resulting formulation of the problem that the need for the development of video media Autistic Children Introduction to Inclusion Elementary School teacher, how the feasibility of video media, and how the effectiveness of video media in improving teachers' knowledge and performance in SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. This development aims to produce a media product video introduction Autistic Children, measure the feasibility of video media and examine the effectiveness of video media in improving teacher knowledge and performance of elementary school inclusion teacher at SDN Sedati Sidoarjo. This instructional video media is packaged in a DVD with a duration of 25 minutes and comes with an accompanying material. This development uses the ADDIE development model testing using test design Arief Sadiman as a reference, because the ADDIE development model is more precise with systematic steps yet simple presentation combined with the accuracy of the test design Arief Sadiman development at various stages of his tryout. The development of this medium get the type of quantitative and qualitative data. Media trial is divided into 3 phases, the first phase of the test material and media experts, the second phase of testing of individuals and small groups, and a third phase of testing large groups. Test subject matter experts are 2 people, 2 media experts, and 18 elementary school teachers inclusion in field trials. The data collection technique used is the average value for the interview, PSA calculation techniques (Rating Every Aspect) to a questionnaire and t-test techniques to test. The results of the validation test the feasibility of video media is based on the results of the expert interview material was 3.44 (good), the result is a media expert interview 3.00 (good), the results of individual trials questionnaires 83.55 (excellent), the results of the test questionnaire small group of 80 (excellent), the results of questionnaire test large groups 81.77 (excellent). Based on a study of teachers in the use of video media obtained db = N-1 = 18-1 = 17 with a standard error of 5% (0.05) is 2.110 and the t-test is 11.24. If the t-table <t-count, then 2.110 <11.24. It can be concluded that the developers have managed to produce a video media introduction of Autistic Children for Inclusion Elementary School Teachers, media video introduction Autistic Child for Elementary School Teachers Inclusion fit for use and a significant difference between the use of video media recognition of children with autism to increased knowledge and performance of school basic inclusion  teachers in SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. Keywords : Development, Media Video, Autism, Inclusion Elementary Schoo

Computer Aided Design Of Microstrip Taper Lines

This work presents an accurate computer aided design (CAD) for niicrostrip taper lines in the microwave range of frequency. This CAD considers all design parameters affecting the characteristics of the line for different terminal impedances. The CAD takes into consideration the dispersion of effective permittivity at high frequency , different substrates materials, different shape ratios (w/h) and metalization thickness. The CAD is designed based on accurate formulas to obtain the matching requirements forany section. Evaluation of the reflection coefficient takes into account the variation of effective permittivity with line width and frequency, and then a modified reflection pattern is applied to obtain the optimum bandwidth for the tapered line. Restrictions for accurate calculations of the effective permittivity and the characteristic impedance at high frequency are underlined

Management of freshwater resources in Israel and Lebanon

This thesis explores the larger number of issues that underpin the allocation of water, water rights, and conflict over water. After specifying the weak points in the existing relevant legal instruments, this thesis take into consideration the inclusion of economic, culture-religion and political contextual precepts as a remedy to the legal deficiency. The aim is to discover patterns of cooperation among the riparian adversaries, to generate a working hypothesis on cooperation over water issues. This thesis argues that no single set of actors holds the key to effectively addressing the challenge of equitable and sustainable management of precious water resources. It is also important to realize that it is not enough just to seek to increase the availability and usability of water. However, it is also the case that the private sector, non-governmental organizations, international agencies and national agencies can play a major role both as investors and as managers of utilities. In fact, many would agree that it is the common responsibility of all actors in society: businesses, governments, scholars, researchers and individuals, to contribute to the elaboration of numerous solutions. In addition to learning from their efforts and efforts in other regions, interested parties can promote a new water and environmental ethic, educate the broad population and facilitate discussion

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIDEO PENGENALAN ANAK AUTIS UNTUK GURU SEKOLAH DASAR INKLUSI

Anak penyandang autis merupakan bagian dari anak Indonesia yang mempunyai hak yang sama dengan anak normal lainnya. SDN Sedati Agung adalah salah satu sekolah di Sidoarjo yang telah melaksanakan program inklusi. Semua guru di sekolah inklusi memiliki beban kerja yang sama yaitu mengajar anak normal dan anak berkebutuhan khusus, namun setelah diadakan wawancara, guru memiliki kesulitan dalam proses belajar mengajar anak autis, banyak hal yang mereka belum mengerti tentang definisi, penyebab, ciri-ciri dan cara mengajar anak autis. Berdasarkan pada latar belakang yang telah dikemukakan, maka timbul rumusan masalah bahwa diperlukannya pengembangan media video Pengenalan Anak Autis untuk guru Sekolah Dasar Inklusi, bagaimana kelayakan media video, dan bagaimana efektivitas media video dalam meningkatan pengetahuan dan kinerja guru di SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. Pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sebuah produk media video Pengenalan Anak Autis, mengukur kelayakan media video dan mengetahui efektivitas media video guru dalam meningkatan pengetahuan dan kinerja guru sekolah dasar inklusi di SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. Media video pembelajaran ini dikemas dalam bentuk DVD dengan durasi 25 menit dan dilengkapi dengan bahan penyerta. Pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang pengujiannya menggunakan desain uji coba Arief Sadiman sebagai acuan, dikarenakan model pengembangan ADDIE lebih tepat dengan langkah-langkah yang sistematis namun dengan penyajian yang sederhana dikombinasikan dengan keakuratan desain uji coba pengembangan Arief Sadiman  dengan berbagai tahap ujicobanya. Pengembangan media ini diperoleh jenis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Uji coba media dibagi menjadi 3 tahap, tahap pertama uji ahli materi dan media, tahap kedia uji perorangan dan kelompok kecil, dan tahap ketiga uji kelompok besar. Subjek uji coba yaitu 2 orang ahli materi, 2 orang ahli media, dan 18 guru sekolah dasar inklusi dalam uji coba lapangan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah rerata nilai untuk wawancara, teknik perhitungan PSA (Penilaian Setiap Aspek) untuk  angket dan teknik uji-t untuk tes. Hasil uji validasi kelayakan media video ini berdasarkan hasil wawancara ahli materi adalah 3,44 (baik), hasil wawancara ahli media adalah 3,00 (baik), hasil angket uji coba perorangan 83,55 (baik sekali), hasil angket uji coba kelompok kecil 80 (baik sekali), hasil angket uji coba kelompok besar 81,77 (baik sekali). Berdasarkan hasil belajar guru pada penggunaan media video diperoleh d.b = N-1 = 18-1 = 17 dengan taraf kesalahan 5% (0,05) adalah 2,110 dan t-hitung adalah 11,24. Apabila t-tabel < t-hitung, maka 2,110 < 11,24. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembang telah berhasil menghasilkan media video Pengenalan Anak Autis untuk Guru Sekolah Dasar Inklusi, media video Pengenalan Anak Autis untuk Guru Sekolah Dasar Inklusi layak digunakan dan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunaan media video pengenalan anak autis terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dan kinerja guru sekolah dasar inklusi di SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. Kata Kunci : Pengembangan, Media Video,  Autisme, Sekolah Dasar Inklusi Abstract Children with autism are part of Indonesian children have the same rights as any other normal child. SDN Sedati Agung is one school in Sidoarjo that have implemented inclusion programs. All teachers in inclusive schools have the same workload that teach normal children and children with special needs, but after the interview is held, the teachers had difficulty in the learning process of children with autism, many of the things they do not understand about the definition, causes, characteristics and how teaching children with autism. Based on the background that have been raised, then the resulting formulation of the problem that the need for the development of video media Autistic Children Introduction to Inclusion Elementary School teacher, how the feasibility of video media, and how the effectiveness of video media in improving teachers' knowledge and performance in SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. This development aims to produce a media product video introduction Autistic Children, measure the feasibility of video media and examine the effectiveness of video media in improving teacher knowledge and performance of elementary school inclusion teacher at SDN Sedati Sidoarjo. This instructional video media is packaged in a DVD with a duration of 25 minutes and comes with an accompanying material. This development uses the ADDIE development model testing using test design Arief Sadiman as a reference, because the ADDIE development model is more precise with systematic steps yet simple presentation combined with the accuracy of the test design Arief Sadiman development at various stages of his tryout. The development of this medium get the type of quantitative and qualitative data. Media trial is divided into 3 phases, the first phase of the test material and media experts, the second phase of testing of individuals and small groups, and a third phase of testing large groups. Test subject matter experts are 2 people, 2 media experts, and 18 elementary school teachers inclusion in field trials. The data collection technique used is the average value for the interview, PSA calculation techniques (Rating Every Aspect) to a questionnaire and t-test techniques to test. The results of the validation test the feasibility of video media is based on the results of the expert interview material was 3.44 (good), the result is a media expert interview 3.00 (good), the results of individual trials questionnaires 83.55 (excellent), the results of the test questionnaire small group of 80 (excellent), the results of questionnaire test large groups 81.77 (excellent). Based on a study of teachers in the use of video media obtained db = N-1 = 18-1 = 17 with a standard error of 5% (0.05) is 2.110 and the t-test is 11.24. If the t-table <t-count, then 2.110 <11.24. It can be concluded that the developers have managed to produce a video media introduction of Autistic Children for Inclusion Elementary School Teachers, media video introduction Autistic Child for Elementary School Teachers Inclusion fit for use and a significant difference between the use of video media recognition of children with autism to increased knowledge and performance of school basic inclusion  teachers in SDN Sedati Agung Sidoarjo. Keywords : Development, Media Video, Autism, Inclusion Elementary Schoo

Cyber-security internals of a Skoda Octavia vRS: a hands on approach

The convergence of information technology and vehicular technologies are a growing paradigm, allowing information to be sent by and to vehicles. This information can further be processed by the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) and the Controller Area Network (CAN) for in-vehicle communications or through a mobile phone or server for out-vehicle communication. Information sent by or to the vehicle can be life-critical (e.g. breaking, acceleration, cruise control, emergency communication, etc … ). As vehicular technology advances, in-vehicle networks are connected to external networks through 3 and 4G mobile networks, enabling manufacturer and customer monitoring of different aspects of the car. While these services provide valuable information, they also increase the attack surface of the vehicle, and can enable long and short range attacks. In this manuscript, we evaluate the security of the 2017 Skoda Octavia vRS 4x4. Both physical and remote attacks are considered, the key fob rolling code is successfully compromised, privacy attacks are demonstrated through the infotainment system, the Volkswagen Transport Protocol 2.0 is reverse engineered. Additionally, in-car attacks are highlighted and described, providing an overlook of potentially deadly threats by modifying ECU parameters and components enabling digital forensics investigation are identified

A taxonomy of network threats and the effect of current datasets on intrusion detection systems

As the world moves towards being increasingly dependent on computers and automation, building secure applications, systems and networks are some of the main challenges faced in the current decade. The number of threats that individuals and businesses face is rising exponentially due to the increasing complexity of networks and services of modern networks. To alleviate the impact of these threats, researchers have proposed numerous solutions for anomaly detection; however, current tools often fail to adapt to ever-changing architectures, associated threats and zero-day attacks. This manuscript aims to pinpoint research gaps and shortcomings of current datasets, their impact on building Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) and the growing number of sophisticated threats. To this end, this manuscript provides researchers with two key pieces of information; a survey of prominent datasets, analyzing their use and impact on the development of the past decade's Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and a taxonomy of network threats and associated tools to carry out these attacks. The manuscript highlights that current IDS research covers only 33.3% of our threat taxonomy. Current datasets demonstrate a clear lack of real-network threats, attack representation and include a large number of deprecated threats, which together limit the detection accuracy of current machine learning IDS approaches. The unique combination of the taxonomy and the analysis of the datasets provided in this manuscript aims to improve the creation of datasets and the collection of real-world data. As a result, this will improve the efficiency of the next generation IDS and reflect network threats more accurately within new datasets

Synthesis And Characterization Of 3D-Printed Functionally Graded Porous Titanium Alloy

This study aims to 3D print titanium alloy constructs incorporating gradient of porosities, from the fully dense core to the porous outer surface. Gradient porous specimens were prepared using selective laser melting (SLM). Fully dense specimens fabricated by SLM were used as the control group. Characterization of samples was done using X-ray tomography, uniaxial compression testing, and optical and scanning electron microscopes. The biocompatibility of fabricated samples was investigated using human periodontal ligament stem cells via assessment of cell attachment, viability, and proliferation by direct and indirect assays. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Characterization of constructs reveals interconnected gradient porosities and higher contact angle in porous samples. The introduction of porosity leads to a significant decrease in compression strength. However, Young’s modulus of the samples with gradient porosity was more similar to the natural bone modulus. The surface microstructure consists of loosely bonded spherical particles. Biocompatibility of the dense and porous samples is appropriate. Although the porosity size led to a reduced cell proliferation rate in the gradient sample, the extract of the gradient sample results in more cell proliferation than the dense sample’s extract. The study demonstrates that a biocompatible functionally graded porous titanium structure can be well fabricated by SLM, and this structure leads to a good match of Young’s modulus to that of the bone

The branched-chain aminotransferase proteins: Novel redox chaperones for protein disulfide isomerase-implications in Alzheimer's disease

Aims: The human branched-chain aminotransferase proteins (hBCATm and hBCATc) are regulated through oxidation and S-nitrosation. However, it remains unknown whether they share common redox characteristics to enzymes such as protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) in terms of regulating cellular repair and protein misfolding. Results: Here, similar to PDI, the hBCAT proteins showed dithiol-disulfide isomerase activity that was mediated through an S-glutathionylated mechanism. Site-directed mutagenesis of the active thiols of the CXXC motif demonstrates that they are fundamental to optimal protein folding. Far Western analysis indicated that both hBCAT proteins can associate with PDI. Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that hBCATm directly binds to PDI in IMR-32 cells and the human brain. Electron and confocal microscopy validated the expression of PDI in mitochondria (using Mia40 as a mitochondrial control), where both PDI and Mia40 were found to be co-localized with hBCATm. Under conditions of oxidative stress, this interaction is decreased, suggesting that the proposed chaperone role for hBCATm may be perturbed. Moreover, immunohistochemistry studies show that PDI and hBCAT are expressed in the same neuronal and endothelial cells of the vasculature of the human brain, supporting a physiological role for this binding. Innovation: This study identifies a novel redox role for hBCAT and confirms that hBCATm differentially binds to PDI under cellular stress. Conclusion: These studies indicate that hBCAT may play a role in the stress response of the cell as a novel redox chaperone, which, if compromised, may result in protein misfolding, creating aggregates as a key feature in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. © 2014 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc

Phase I Study of Ipilimumab Combined with Whole Brain Radiation Therapy or Radiosurgery for Melanoma Patients with Brain Metastases

Purpose: We performed a phase I study to determine the maximum tolerable dose (MTD) and safety of ipilimumab with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in patients with brain metastases (BM) from melanoma. Methods: Based on intracranial (IC) disease burden, patients were treated with WBRT (Arm A) or SRS (Arm B). Ipilimumab starting dose was 3 mg/kg (every 3 weeks, starting on day 3 of WBRT or 2 days after SRS). Ipilimumab was escalated to 10 mg/kg using a two-stage, 3+3 design. The primary endpoint was to determine the MTD of ipilimumab combined with radiotherapy. Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), IC and extracranial (EC) control, progression free survival (PFS), and toxicity. This trial is regis- tered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01703507. Results: Characteristics of the 16 patients enrolled between 2011 and 2014 were: mean age, 60; median BM, 2 (1 to \u3e10); number with EC disease, 13 (81%). Treatment included WBRT (n=5), SRS (n=11), ipilimumab 3mg/kg (n=7), 10 mg/kg (n=9). Median follow-up was 8 months (Arm A) and 10.5 months (Arm B). There were 21 grade 1-2 neuro- toxic effects with no dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). One patient experienced grade 3 neurotoxicity prior to ipilimumab administration. Ten additional grade 3 toxicities were reported with gastrointestinal (n=5, 31%) as the most common. There were no grade 4/5 toxicities. Median PFS and OS, respectively, in Arm A were 2.5 months and 8 months, and in Arm B were 2.1 months and not reached. Conclusion: Concurrent ipilimumab 10 mg/kg with SRS is safe. The WBRT arm was closed early due to slow accrual, but demonstrated safety with ipilimumab 3 mg/kg. No patient experienced DLT. Larger studies with ipilimumab 10 mg/kg and SRS are warranted

Rare coding variants in 35 genes associate with circulating lipid levels-A multi-ancestry analysis of 170,000 exomes

Large-scale gene sequencing studies for complex traits have the potential to identify causal genes with therapeutic implications. We performed gene-based association testing of blood lipid levels with rare (minor allele frequency 1%) predicted damaging coding variation by using sequence data from 170,000 individuals from multiple ancestries: 97,493 European, 30,025 South Asian, 16,507 African, 16,440 Hispanic/Latino, 10,420 East Asian, and 1,182 Samoan. We identified 35 genes associated with circulating lipid levels; some of these genes have not been previously associated with lipid levels when using rare coding variation from population-based samples. We prioritize 32 genes in array-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci based on aggregations of rare coding variants; three (EVI5, SH2B3, and PLIN1) had no prior association of rare coding variants with lipid levels. Most of our associated genes showed evidence of association among multiple ancestries. Finally, we observed an enrichment of gene-based associations for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol drug target genes and for genes closest to GWAS index single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our results demonstrate that gene-based associations can be beneficial for drug target development and provide evidence that the gene closest to the array-based GWAS index SNP is often the functional gene for blood lipid levels.Peer reviewe