Molecular characterization of mulberry germplasm from Eastern Anatolia

Mulberry has an important quality for both horticultural production and sericulture in Turkey. Anatolia has an extensive potential for mulberry. On the other hand, these mullberry germplasm has not been adequately determined and relatedness among them has not been properly investigated. A total of 47 mullberry genotypes; 20, 14, 5, 4 and 4 from Erzincan, Elazý, Diyarbakýr, Malatya and Mardin provinces, respectively, were comparatively investigated in order to determine their relationships by 55 RAPD markers obtained from 6 primers (Operon OPA12, OPA13, OPAF04, OPF07, OPG02 and OPG03) and their relatedness were determined

A Novel Encryption Method for Dorsal Hand Vein Images on a Microcomputer

In this paper, a Lorenz-like chaotic system was developed to encrypt the dorsal hand patterns on a microcomputer. First, the dorsal hand vein images were taken from the subjects via an infrared camera. These were subjected to two different processes called contrast enhancement and segmentation of vein regions. Second, the pre- and post-processed images were encrypted with a new encryption algorithm in the microcomputer environment. For the encryption process, random numbers were generated by the chaotic system. These random numbers were subjected to NIST-800-22 test which is the most widely accepted statistical test suite. The speeded up robust feature (SURF) matching algorithm was utilized in the initial condition sensitivity analysis of the encrypted images. The results of the analysis have shown that the proposed encryption algorithm can be used in identification and verification systems. The encrypted images were analyzed with histogram, correlation, entropy, pixel change rate (NPCR), initial condition sensitivity, data loss, and noise attacks which are frequently used for security analyses in the literature. In addition, the images were analyzed after noise attacks by means of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), mean square error (MSE), and the structural similarity index (SSIM) tests. It has been shown that the dorsal hand vein images can be used in identification systems safely with the help of the proposed method on microcomputers.This work was supported by the Qatar National-LibraryScopu

Grisel’s syndrome, a rare cause of anomalous head posture in children: a case report

BACKGROUND: Anomalous head posture (AHP) or torticollis is a relatively common condition in children. Torticollis is not a diagnosis, but it is a sign of underlying disease. Grisel’s syndrome (GS) is a rare condition of uncertain etiology characterized by a nontraumatic atlanto-axial subluxation (AAS), secondary to an infection in the head and neck region. It has not been considered, in ophthalmological papers, as a possible cause of AHP. CASE PRESENTATION: A case of AAS secondary to an otitis media is studied. The children showed neck pain, head tilt, and reduction in neck mobility. The patient had complete remission with antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapy and muscle relaxants. Signs of GS should always be taken into account during ophthalmological examination (recent history of upper airway infections and/or head and neck surgeries associated to a new onset of sudden, painful AHP with normal ocular exam). In such cases it is necessary to require quick execution of radiological examinations (computer tomography and/or nuclear magnetic resonance), which are essential to confirm the diagnosis. CONCLUSION: GS is a multidisciplinary disease. We underline the importance of an accurate orthoptic and ophthalmological examination. Indeed, early detection and diagnosis are fundamental to achieve proper management, avoid neurological complications and lead to a good prognosis

Symptomatic asymmetry in the first six months of life: differential diagnosis

Asymmetry in infancy is a clinical condition with a wide variation in appearances (shape, posture, and movement), etiology, localization, and severity. The prevalence of an asymmetric positional preference is 12% of all newborns during the first six months of life. The asymmetry is either idiopathic or symptomatic. Pediatricians and physiotherapists have to distinguish symptomatic asymmetry (SA) from idiopathic asymmetry (IA) when examining young infants with a positional preference to determine the prognosis and the intervention strategy. The majority of cases will be idiopathic, but the initial presentation of a positional preference might be a symptom of a more serious underlying disorder. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the current information on the incidence of SA, as well as the possible causes and the accompanying signs that differentiate SA from IA. This review presents an overview of the nine most prevalent disorders in infants in their first six months of life leading to SA. We have discovered that the literature does not provide a comprehensive analysis of the incidence, characteristics, signs, and symptoms of SA. Knowledge of the presented clues is important in the clinical decision making with regard to young infants with asymmetry. We recommend to design a valid and useful screening instrument

AFM measurements of forces between silica surfaces

International audienc

Enhanced physics-informed neural networks for hyperelasticity

Physics-informed neural networks have gained growing interest. Specifically, they are used to solve partial differential equations governing several physical phenomena. However, physics-informed neural network models suffer from several issues and can fail to provide accurate solutions in many scenarios. We discuss a few of these challenges and the techniques, such as the use of Fourier transform, that can be used to resolve these issues. This paper proposes and develops a physics-informed neural network model that combines the residuals of the strong form and the potential energy, yielding many loss terms contributing to the definition of the loss function to be minimized. Hence, we propose using the coefficient of variation weighting scheme to dynamically and adaptively assign the weight for each loss term in the loss function. The developed PINN model is standalone and meshfree. In other words, it can accurately capture the mechanical response without requiring any labeled data. Although the framework can be used for many solid mechanics problems, we focus on three-dimensional (3D) hyperelasticity, where we consider two hyperelastic models. Once the model is trained, the response can be obtained almost instantly at any point in the physical domain, given its spatial coordinates. We demonstrate the framework's performance by solving different problems with various boundary conditions

Denaturation of the nucleus pulposus with the Nd:YAG laser in animal model

Successful results in well selected patients have been reported following percutaneous laser discolysis in the treatment of herniated intervertebral disc disease. Two groups with four pigs in each were formed. First four pigs were used as the control group and the second four was used as the treatment group. Intervertebral disc spaces of the treatment group was hydrated with 0, 1 cc saline. Intervertebral disc spaces of each pig in both groups have been irradiated with Nd:YAG laser of 1318 nm wavelength and designated energy level. Macroscopic and microscopic findings of the lesions formed have been evaluated. As a result we can say that percutaneous discolysis can be more successful especially in the young patients due to our observation obvious evaporation in the hydrated group

with isolated ventriculomegaly

In this prospective study, we aimed to establish the value of volumetric assessment by prenatal brain MRI in determining the prognosis of fetuses with isolated VM.A total of 23 fetuses with isolated VM were included in the study. Supratentorial cerebral parenchyma volume (PV) and ventricular volume (VV) were measured, and supratentorial ventricular/parenchymal volume (VV/PV) ratios were calculated. Pregnancy and postnatal neurodevelopmental outcomes up to two years of age were obtained and correlated with the volumetric measurements