Growth, Structure, and Magnetic Properties of Artificially Layered NiMn in Contact to Ferromagnetic Co on Cu3Au(001)

Single-crystalline antiferromagnetic artificially layered [Ni/Mn] films of different thicknesses, covered by ferromagnetic Co layers, are deposited on Cu3Au(001).Their structural and magnetic properties are characterized by low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and magneto-optical Kerr effect, respectively, and compared with disordered NixMn100-x alloy films with the same Ni/Mn ratio and the same film thickness. LEED intensity-versus-energy curves show that the perpendicular inter-atomic lattice distance is decreased in the artificially layered [Ni/Mn] samples incomparison to the disordered NixMn100-x alloy films.At the same time, the artificially layered [Ni/Mn] films exhibit higher coercivity and exchange bias of the adjacent Co layer compared to those of NixMn100-x/Co. This is discussed as a consequence of the different interatomic lattice distance, presumably caused by an ordered buckling in the artificially layered [Ni/Mn] samples, leading to a stronger interlayer exchange coupling

Growth of MnxAu1−x Films on Cu(001) and Ag(001) Single-Crystal Substrates

The growth, morphology, and structure of MnxAu1-x films on Cu(001) and Ag(001) are studied by means of low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), medium-energy electron diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, and scanning tunnelling microscopy. Different concentrations x from about 0.5 to 1 and thicknesses from0.2 to 12.9 ML of MnxAu1-x are examined. For several values of x, MnxAu1-x exhibits a c(2 x 2) superstructure pattern on Cu(001) when the total thickness is around or above 0.5 ML. Above 1 ML, LEED patterns of MnxAu1-x can be only observed on Ag(001), but not on Cu(001). LEED-I(V) is employed to deduce the vertical interlayer distance for as-grown and post-annealed films on Ag(001). Above 500 K, Ag from the substrate segregates into thefilms

Germline hMSH2 and hMLH1 gene mutations in incomplete HNPCC families

Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) is a common hereditary disease characterized by a predisposition to an early onset of colorectal cancer. The majority of the HNPCC families carry germline mutations of either hMSH2 or hMLH1 genes, whereas germline mutations of hPMS1 and hPMS2 genes have rarely been observed. Almost all of the germline mutations reported so far concern typical HNPCC families. However, there are families that display aggregations of colon cancer even though they do not fulfil all HNPCC criteria (incomplete HNPCC families) as well as sporadic cases of early onset colon cancers that could be related to germline mutations of these genes. Therefore, we screened germline mutations of hMSH2 and hMLH1 genes in 3 groups of patients from France and Turkey: typical HNPCC (n = 3), incomplete HNPCC (n = 9) and young patients without apparent familial history (n = 7). By in vitro synthesis of protein assay, heteroduplex analysis and direct genomic sequencing, we identified 1 family with hMSH2 mutation and 5 families with hMLH1 mutations. Two of the 3 HNPCC families (66%) displayed hMLH1 germline mutations. Interestingly, 4 of 9 families with incomplete HNPCC (44%) also displayed mutations of hMSH2 or hMLH1 genes. In contrast, no germline mutation of these genes was found in 7 young patients. Our results show that germline mutations of hMSH2 and hMLH1 genes contribute to a significant fraction of familial predisposition to colon cancer cases that do not fulfil all diagnostic criteria of HNPCC. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc

Skp2 expression is associated with high risk and elevated Ki67 expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumours

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) exhibit an unpredictable clinical course and can rapidly progress to lethality. Predictions about the biological behavior of GIST are based on a number of canonical clinical and pathologic parameters whose validity in distinguishing between a benign and a malignant tumour is still imperfect. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of morphologic parameters and expression of cells cycle regulators as prognosticators in GIST. METHODS: We performed an immunohistochemical analysis for Ki67, p27Kip1, Jab1, and Skp2, on a Tissue Microarray (TMA) containing 94 GIST. Expression of the above proteins was correlated to classically used prognosticators, as well as to risk groups. Clinical significance of histologic and immunohistochemical features were evaluated in 59 patients for whom follow-up information was available. RESULTS: Overexpression of Ki67 and Skp2, and p27Kip1 loss directly correlated with the high risk group (p = 0.03 for Ki67 and Skp2, p = 0.05 for p27Kip1). Jab1 expression did not exhibit correlation with risk. In 59 cases provided with clinical follow-up, high cellularity, presence of necrosis, and Ki67 overexpression were predictive of a reduced overall survival in a univariate model. The same parameters, as well as mitotic rate, tumour size, and p27Kip1 loss were indicative of a shortened relapse free survival interval. High cellularity, and high mitotic rate retained their prognostic significance by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that a number of histologic parameters in combination with immunohistochemical expression of cell cycle regulators can facilitate risk categorization and predict biologic behavior in GIST. Importantly this study demonstrates, for the first time, that Skp2 expression correlates with Ki67 expression and high risk in GIST

Movement characteristics, physiological and perceptual responses of elite standard youth football players to different high intensity running drills

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Science and Medicine in Football on 06/04/2018, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2018.1461235Purpose: To examine responses to high intensity running drills in youth football players. Methods: Seventeen players completed the YoYo Intermittent Recovery test level one (YYIR1) and a 15 m maximal sprint to quantify target running speeds. Players performed three conditions on separate occasions comprising: 12 x 15 s high intensity runs at 100% of the final YYIRT1 speed, 12 x ~4 s repeated sprints with ~26 s recovery, and combination running using both modalities. Heart rate was monitored continuously with PlayerLoadTM and movement characteristics using microtechnology. Ratings of perceived exertion and blood lactate responses were measured 2 min after the final repetition. The ratio of Flight:contraction time was calculated from a countermovement jump before and at 2 min and 14 hours after each condition. Data analysis used magnitude based inferences and effect sizes statistics. Results: Peak speed (1.1%; ES 0.23 ± 0.44) and mean speed over the initial 4s (6.3%; ES 0.45 ± 0.46) were possibly faster during combination compared to high intensity running with unclear differences when compared to repeated sprinting. This was despite most likely (21.6%; ES 7.65 ± 1.02) differences in prescribed speeds between conditions. There were likely reductions in F:C at 14 hours ratio after high intensity (-5.6%; ES –0.44 ± 0.32) and combination running (-6.8%; ES -0.53 ± 0.47). Changes in the repeated sprinting condition were unclear. Conclusions: Actual movement characteristics of high intensity running drills may not reflect those used to prescribe them whilst reductions in F:C ratio are still evident 14 hours after their completion

Effects of PWM chopper drive on the torque speed characteristic of DC Motor

43rd International Universities Power Engineering Conference, UPEC 2008 -- 1 September 2008 through 4 September 2008 -- Padova -- 77050This paper describes a MATLAB/Simulink realization of the DC motor speed control method by controlling the voltage applied to the armature circuit using a pulse width modulated (PWM) chopper drive. Torque-speed characteristics are obtained for different values of switching frequency to demonstrate its effect on the linearity of the characteristic. The proposed simulation model is developed as a part of a software laboratory to support and enhance undergraduate electric machinery courses at Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey

Analysis of TSR-based SVC for a three-phase system with static and dynamic loads

International Conference on Electrical Engineering -- APR 11-12, 2007 -- Lahore, PAKISTANWOS: 000254289200025In this paper, the effect of the thyristor switched reactor-based Static VAr Compensator (SVC), which is one of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) controllers, to load voltages has been proposed in the three-phase system at static load and dynamic load conditions. The design and testing of TSR- based SVC are verified using the MATLAB/S imulink 7.04 (R) and Power Systems Toolbox. The results show that significant improvement on reactive power compensation and bus voltage regulation could be achieved by using the TSR-based SVC. Also, harmonic levels generated by TSR-based SVC do not cause to instability in the test system.IEE