6,632 research outputs found
Quantifying Functional Reuse from Object Oriented Requirements Specifications
Software reuse is essential in improving efficiency and productivity in the software development process. This paper analyses reuse within requirements engineering phase by taking and adapting a standard functional size measurement method, COSMIC FFP. Our proposal attempts to quantify reusability from Object Oriented requirements specifications by identifying potential primitives with a high level of reusability and applying a reuse indicator. These requirements are specified using OO-Method, an automatic software production method based on transformation models. We illustrate the application of our proposal in a Car Rental real system
Multiple Paleozoic magmatic-orogenic events in the Central Extremadura batholith (Iberian Variscan belt, Spain)
Background The Central Extremadura batholith located in the southeast part of the Central Iberian Zone (e.g. Iberian
Autochthonous domain of the Iberian Variscan belt) was originally thought to have been generated entirely during Carboniferous
igneous activity. However, some recent geochronological work has shown the existence of Ordovician plutonic rocks.
Purpose The aim of this study is to re-examine the age of granitic rocks in the Central Extremadura batholith and complement
this information with new field and geochemical data. This data set is used: to constrain the relative timing of plutons
emplacement, as well as deformation and metamorphism preserved in the host rocks; to track deep crustal rocks and granitic
magma sources; and to discuss prevailing tectonic evolutionary models for the Paleozoic evolution of the Iberian Variscan
belt.
Methods We use geochemical and SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology data of three granitic plutons (Ruanes, Plasenzuela
and Albalá) from the Central Extremadura batholith to track magmatic sources and provide a better understanding of temporal
and spatial relationships between deformation and magmatism in the Iberian Variscan belt.
Results Ruanes tonalite dated at 464 ± 2 Ma is peraluminous, magnesian and calc-alkaline, as typical of a magmatic arc
setting. We report, for the first time, the occurrence of a Middle Ordovician intrusion spatially and temporally related to host
deformed rocks of the Central Iberian Zone (e.g. the Iberian Autochthonous domain), which reached high-grade metamorphic
conditions. Plasenzuela two-mica leucogranite is strongly peraluminous and of anatectic origin and includes a Neoproterozoic
and Ordovician population of inherited zircon grains. This granite possibly derived from the partial melting of a crustal
source composed of Neoproterozoic metapelites and metagreywackes (Schist-Greywacke Complex) and/or Lower Ordovician
gneisses (Ollo de Sapo Formation), both including greywackes of volcano-sedimentary origin and peraluminous composition.
The crystallization age of 330 ± 7 Ma obtained for the syn-kinematic Plasenzuela two-mica leucogranite constrains the
functioning of D2 dextral strike-slip shear zones within the Iberian Autochthonous domain. The age of 309 ± 2 Ma obtained
for the Albalá cordierite-bearing monzogranite matches the age interval of the calc-alkaline magmatic suite post-dating the
main Variscan D1–D3 structures in the Iberian Autochthonous domain.
Conclusion The new data presented in this study make it possible to recognize multiple Paleozoic magmatic-orogenic events
(e.g. Caledonian, Variscan and Cimmerian) in the Central Extremadura batholith. During the Ordovician, the emplacement
of intermediate magmas at shallow depths gave rise to extensive metamorphism due to heat transfer to the host rocks. The
onset of this Ordovician plutonic–metamorphic complex in the Iberian Autochthonous domain is contemporaneous with
the development of an active continental margin probably related to the subduction of the Iapetus–Tornquist Ocean (i.e.
the Caledonian orogeny). During the Lower Carboniferous, these D2 strike-slip domains acted as lateral margins of largescale
gravitational collapses associated with the SE-direct transport of low-angle extensional shear zones (i.e. the Variscan
cycle). The emplacement of Upper Carboniferous arc type granitic rocks is interpreted in the context of the amalgamation
of Pangaea and the spatial proximity of Iberia relative to the Eurasian active margin in the course of Paleotethys subduction
(i.e. the Cimmerian orogeny)
Rational exploitation of a granite outcrop
[Abstract] This piece analizes the possibilities of mining exploitation in a little outcrop of rOSfl granite. The zone has been researched, recognizing the main structural discontinuities, and characterizing the rock mass by the geomechanic classificationofBARTON. Two core drilling have been made to study the evolution ofthe deeper bed. The volume ofthe bed has been calculated by geometric calculation in the researched area. The theories ofCASTAING and RABU have been developed to estimate the useful volume of the bed for a minimum block size of 1 m3. We have implerríented a computer program in base ofEXCEL 4.0. The result is a useful volume of 51.67 %. By the application of the reduction coefficients ofsterility and irregularity, the maximum estimated efficiency of the exploitation is 33 %
Partial mass concentration for fast-diffusions with non-local aggregation terms
We study well-posedness and long-time behaviour of aggregation-diffusion
equations of the form in the fast-diffusion
range, , and and regular enough. We develop a well-posedness
theory, first in the ball and then in , and characterise the
long-time asymptotics in the space for radial initial data. In the
radial setting and for the mass equation, viscosity solutions are used to prove
partial mass concentration asymptotically as , i.e. the limit as
is of the form with
and . Finally, we give instances of showing that partial mass concentration does happen in infinite time,
i.e.
Nutritive Quality of Silages by Conventional Laboratory Methods and Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy
Preservation of forages as silages is needed by dairy farmers in NW Spain to feed their cows during the dry (summer) and cold (winter) seasons. The objective of this work was to compare the prediction of in vivo digestibility values by conventional laboratory methods and by near infra-red reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) for herbage and maize silages
Discovery of the eclipse in the symbiotic binary Z Andromedae
Our photometric observations of the symbiotic binary Z And during its recent
(2000 -- 2003) active phase revealed a minimum in the U, B and V light curves
(LC) at the position of the inferior conjunction of its cool component (the
orbital phase 'phi' = 0). This fact and the behaviour of colour indices suggest
that the minimum was due to the eclipse of the active hot object by the red
giant. Physically plausible fit of the eclipse profile and a precise analysis
of the spectral energy distribution (SED) in the ultraviolet continuum suggest
a disk-like structure for the hot object during active phases. The present
knowledge of fundamental parameters of the system limits the orbital
inclination 'i' to 76 - 90 deg. The presence of the Rayleigh attenuated far-UV
continuum at 'phi' around 0 during quiescent phase confirms the very high
inclination of the Z And orbit.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for Astronomy and Astrophysics as a
Lette
Hß photometry for uvby standard stars
From 1984 to 1986, we made several observational campaigns at Calar Alto and La Palma Observatories using the uvby and ß photometric systems to monitor a selected sample of late-type variable stars. In this paper we present the ß values for 38 uvby standard stars to contribute to the uvby-ß calibration works on late-type stars. In the final discussion, the ß computed values are plotted against the Strömgren b - y, m_1, and c_1 indices
UV Emission line shifts of symbiotic binaries
Relative and absolute emission line shifts have been previously found for
symbiotic binaries, but their cause was not clear. This work aims to better
understand the emission line shifts. Positions of strong emission lines were
measured on archival UV spectra of Z And, AG Dra, RW Hya, SY Mus and AX Per and
relative shifts between the lines of different ions compared. Profiles of lines
of RW Hya and Z And were also examined. The reality of the relative shift
between resonance and intercombination lines of several times ionised atoms was
clearly shown except for AG Dra. This redshift shows a well defined variation
with orbital phase for Z And and RW Hya. In addition the intercombination lines
from more ionised atoms and especially OIV are redshifted with respect to those
from less ionised atoms. Other effects are seen in the profiles. The
resonance-intercombination line shift variation can be explained in quiescence
by P Cygni shorter wavelength component absorption, due to the wind of the cool
component, which is specially strong in inferior conjunction of this cool
giant. The velocity stratification permits absorption of line emission. The
relative intercombination line shifts may be connected with varying occultation
of line emission near an accretion disk, which is optically thick in the
continuum.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, to appear in A&
El contacto entre las zonas de Ossa Morena y Sudportuguesa. Características y significado de la banda metamórfica de Aracena, en su sector central entre Aroche y Aracena (Huelva)
El contacto entre las zonas de Ossa Morena y Sudportuguesa está subrayado por la banda metamórfica de Aracena. Las características principales de esta región del macizo Ibérico pueden considerarse desde distintos puntos de vista: litológico, estructural, metamórfico, magmático, geoquímica, isotópico y experimental, y así se presentan en este artículo. La banda metamórfica de Aracena está dividida en dos dominios principales: el dominio oceánico está formado por metabasitas derivadas de un MORB (las metabasitas de Acebuches) y por un antiguo prisma de acrección. El dominio continental incluye gneises y migmatitas alumínicos, rocas de silicatos cálcicos, gneises leucocráticos, mármoles, anfibolitas, intrusiones sin/post-tectónicas de noritas ricas en Mg (con afinidad boninítica), así como rocas intrusivas post-tectónicas de composición ácida a básica. Las metabasitas de Acebuches sufrieron, en primer lugar, un metamorfismo de alta temperatura/baja presión que, en la actualidad, presenta un gradiente metamórfico invertido, y que estaba relacionado con un cabalgamiento vergente al SO. El pico térmico asociado a este evento metamórfico muestra un gradiente de edad, de forma que las edades más antiguas han sido obtenidas en el extremo oeste. La mitad inferior de la pila metabasítica de Acebuches fue afectada posteriormente por una deformación milonítica y un retrometamorfismo asociados a la zona de cizalla Sudibérica. Cuatro fases de deformación dúctil han sido definidas en el dominio continental: la fase CD-D1 estuvo relacionada con la generación de pliegues recumbentes de escala kilométrica. La fase CD-D2 se puede asociar a un colapso extensional, y es contemporánea con un metamorfismo de alta temperatura/baja presión que afectó al dominio continental y generó diversos complejos migmatíticos. La fase CD-D3 produjo pliegues simétricos verticales, mientras que la fase CD-D4 dio lugar a cabalgamientos vergentes al sur a los que se asociaron pliegues de propagación.Las principales características de la banda metamórfica de Aracena se interpretan como el resultado de la evolución de un punto triple de tipo fosa-fosa-dorsal. De acuerdo con el modelo propuesto, la interacción entre la dorsal y la zona de subducción dio como resultado la formación de una ventana astenosférica bajo el margen continental cabalgante, lo cual provocó el ascenso de la astenosfera y el consecuente rebote térmico. Esta unión triple migro a lo largo del margen continental hacia el este, lo que generó un cinturón metamórfico de alta temperatura/baja presión en el contacto entre las zonas de Ossa Morena y Sudportuguesa
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