Un análisis sobre accesibilidad web de los sitios web más utilizados en el sector turístico en Portugal

Technologies have been experiencing strong growth in the tourism industry, mainly with the use of emerging technologies. This growing predominance is based on web 2.0 with regard to communication and also the semantic web, allowing an easy integration be-tween the tourist entities involved. However, are web tools designed and coded proper-ly, for use by people with disabilities? This article aimed to present the results of acces-sibility on the websites of tourism. Each home page was analyzed in terms of web ac-cessibility from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). It has been found that the ma-jority of home pages fail in one or more W3C web accessibility measures, which means that users with disabilities may have substantial problems accessing the websites. Several suggestions on how to improve the accessibility of the websites are offered. This study contributed to the discussion on the use of tourism technologies by people with disabilitiesLas tecnologías han experimentado un fuerte crecimiento en la industria del turismo. Este predominio creciente se basa en la web 2.0 con respecto a la comunicación y también en la web semántica, lo que permite una fácil integración entre las entidades turísticas involucradas. Sin embargo, ¿las herramientas web están diseñadas y codificadas correctamente para que las utilicen las personas con discapacidad? Este artículo tuvo como objetivo presentar los resultados de accesibilidad en los sitios web de turismo. Cada página de entrada se analizó en términos de accesibilidad web del World Wide Web Consortium. Se ha encontrado que la mayoría de las páginas de entrada fallan en medidas de accesibilidad, o sea, los usuarios con discapacidades pueden tener problemas sustanciales para acceder a los sitios web. Se ofrecen varias sugerencias sobre cómo mejorar la accesibilidad de los sitios web. Este estudio contribuyó a la discusión sobre el uso de tecnologías turísticas por personas con discapacida

Virulence and resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food

Staphylococcus aureus is considered a global community and health care pathogen responsible for staphylococcal food poisoning. The aim of this study was to characterize several isolates of S. aureus recovered from different food products concerning enterotoxin genes and other virulence factors including antimicrobial resistance. In 2009, a total of 78 coagulase-positive staphylococci from 1454 food samples were identified to species level; 73 were confirmed as S. aureus. Of the S. aureus isolates 5.5% were resistant to oxacillin, 52.0% showed resistance to erythromycin, and 45.2% to tetracycline. Multidrug resistance was observed in 33.3% of the isolates (resistance to three or more antibiotics of different classes). SCCmec types IV and V were detected among methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). One MRSA isolate was pvl positive. The 52.0% of food isolates were shown to be enterotoxigenic; egc (63.0%), secbov (44.7%) were the main detected SEs. tst gene was also detected in food isolates. The present work demonstrates the presence of virulent S. aureus collected in 2009 in foods

Cubic polynomials on Lie groups: reduction of the Hamiltonian system

This paper analyzes the optimal control problem of cubic polynomials on compact Lie groups from a Hamiltonian point of view and its symmetries. The dynamics of the problem is described by a presymplectic formalism associated with the canonical symplectic form on the cotangent bundle of the semidirect product of the Lie group and its Lie algebra. Using these control geometric tools, the relation between the Hamiltonian approach developed here and the known variational one is analyzed. After making explicit the left trivialized system, we use the technique of Marsden-Weinstein reduction to remove the symmetries of the Hamiltonian system. In view of the reduced dynamics, we are able to guarantee, by means of the Lie-Cartan theorem, the existence of a considerable number of independent integrals of motion in involution.Comment: 20 pages. Final version which incorporates the Corrigendum recently published (J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 46 189501, 2013

Squid meal and shrimp hydrolysate as novel protein sources for dog food

The world’s growing pet population is raising sustainability and environmental concerns for the petfood industry. Protein-rich marine by-products might contribute to mitigating negative environmental effects, decreasing waste, and improving economic efficiency. The present study evaluated two marine by-products, squid meal and shrimp hydrolysate, as novel protein sources for dog feeding. Along with the analysis of chemical composition and antioxidant activity, palatability was evaluated by comparing a commercial diet (basal diet) and diets with the inclusion of 150 g kg−1 of squid meal or shrimp hydrolysate using 12 Beagle dogs (2.2 ± 0.03 years). Two in vivo digestibility trials were conducted with six dogs, three experimental periods (10 days each) and three dietary inclusion levels (50, 100 and 150 g kg−1) of squid meal or shrimp hydrolysate in place of the basal diet to evaluate effects of inclusion level on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), metabolizable energy content, fecal characteristics, metabolites, and microbiota. Both protein sources presented higher protein and methionine contents than ingredients traditionally used in dog food formulation. Shrimp hydrolysate showed higher antioxidant activity than squid meal. First approach and taste were not affected by the inclusion of protein sources, but animals showed a preference for the basal diet. Effects on nutrient intake reflected the chemical composition of diets, and fecal output and characteristics were not affected by the increasing inclusion levels of both protein sources. The higher ATTD of dry matter, most nutrients and energy of diets with the inclusion of both by-products when compared to the basal diet, suggests their potential to be included in highly digestible diets for dogs. Although not affected by the inclusion level of protein sources, when compared to the basal diet, the inclusion of squid meal decreased butyrate concentration and shrimp hydrolysate increased all volatile fatty acids, except butyrate. Fecal microbiota was not affected by squid meal inclusion, whereas inclusion levels of shrimp hydrolysate significantly affected abundances of Oscillosperaceae (UCG-005), Firmicutes and Lactobacillus. Overall, results suggest that squid meal and shrimp hydrolysate constitute novel and promising protein sources for dog food, but further research is needed to fully evaluate their functional value

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR CALCULATION OF VULNERABILITY TO LANDSLIDES

Resumo: Áreas urbanas em sua expansão avançam para áreas geologicamente instáveis e topograficamente inclinadas, como é o caso da Bacia do Rio Bengalas, localizada no Município de Nova Friburgo, Região Serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a metodologia desenvolvida para cálculo de vulnerabilidade a deslizamentos de terra, que em janeiro de 2011, com a ocorrência de fortes chuvas, estes desastres impactaram na morte de 429 pessoas no Município de Nova Friburgo. Para este artigo foram feitas diversas investigações relacionadas às áreas da bacia, como declividade, pedologia, litologia, uso e cobertura do solo, curvatura vertical, curvatura horizontal. Com este estudo foi possível compreender como os elementos naturais e antrópicos do local de estudo estão relacionados com a dinâmica local dos desastres no que diz respeito às suas interferências na indução dos deslizamentos de terra, possibilitando assim a melhoria da gestão pública do Município no tocante ao uso e parcelamento do solo, a partir da identificação de áreas da Bacia do Rio Bengalas suscetíveis a deslizamentos de terra. Palavras Chave: Vulnerabilidade; Deslizamentos de terra. Abstract: Urban areas in expansion move to geologically unstable areas and topographically inclined, such as the Basin of River Bengalas, located in the city of Nova Friburgo, mountainous region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This article aims to present the model survey to assess the susceptibility to landslides, which in January 2011, with the occurrence of heavy rains, caused landslides that impacted in the death of 429 people in city of Nova Friburgo. For the case study, several investigations have been made related to the areas of the basin, such as slope, soil conditions, lithology, land use and cover, vertical curvature and horizontal curvature. With this study it was possible to understand how the natural and anthropics elements of the basin are related to the local dynamics of the disasters regarding to their interferences in the induction of landslides, thus enabling improved public management of the Municipality regarding the use and division of land, from the identification of areas Basin of River Bengalas susceptible to landslides

Methane reduction potential of brown seaweeds and their influence on nutrient degradation and microbiota composition in a rumen simulation technique

This study aimed to investigate the effects of two brown Icelandic seaweed samples (Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus) on in vitro methane production, nutrient degradation, and microbiota composition. A total mixed ration was incubated alone as control or together with each seaweed at two inclusion levels (2.5% and 5.0% on dry matter basis) in a long-term rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) experiment. The incubation period lasted 14 days, thereof seven days of adaptation and sampling, respectively. Methane concentration of total gas produced was decreased at 5% inclusion level of A. nodosum and F. vesiculosus by 8.9 and 3.6%, respectively (P < 0.001). Total gas production was reduced by all seaweeds with a greater reduction for the 5% seaweed inclusion level (P < 0.001). Feed nutrient degradation and the production of volatile fatty acids and ammonia in the effluent were also reduced, mostly with a bigger effect for the 5% inclusion level of both seaweeds, indicating a reduced overall fermentation (all P ≤ 0.001). Microbiota composition was analyzed by sequencing 16S rRNA amplicons from the rumen content of the donor cows, fermenter liquid, and effluent on day 7 and 13, and feed residues on day 13. Relative abundances of most abundant methanogens varied between the rumen fluid used for the start of incubation and the samples taken on day 7, as well as between days 7 and 13 in fermenter liquid and effluent (P < 0.05). According to the differential abundance analysis with q2- ALDEx2, in effluent and fermenter liquid samples archaeal and bacterial amplicon sequence variants were separated into two groups (P < 0.05). One was more abundant in samples taken from the treatment without seaweed supplementation. The other one prevailed in seaweed supplemented treatments. This group also showed a dose-dependent response to seaweed inclusion, with a greater number of differentially abundant members between 5% inclusion level and unsupplemented samples than between 2.5% inclusion level and TMR. Although supplementation of both seaweeds at a 5% inclusion level decreased methane concentration in total gas, due to the high iodine content in the seaweeds tested, the application in practical feeding should be made with caution