Fear of crime on the rail networks: Perceptions of the UK public and British Transport Police

Counter-terrorism on the rail network is vital to the security of the United Kingdom. The British Transport Police (BTP) employ covert and overt security measures to prevent crime, which includes: closed circuit television, armed police, unarmed polisce, police community support officers, police dogs, stops and searches and awareness campaigns. All security measures aim to deter crime while importantly reassuring the public. We surveyed both members of the public and BTP officers about the perceived effectiveness of current security measures, specifically with regards to fear of terrorism. Feelings of reassurance and the perceived effectiveness of security measures were positively related. The most effective and reassuring security measure was the use of armed police; whereas the least effective and reassuring was the use of awareness campaigns. However, interestingly, qualitative analyses suggested that an increase in armed police without informed awareness campaigns would have a negative impact on public reassurance by increasing fear

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Asia: a seven-country study of CSR web site reporting

This article addresses four hypotheses: (a) that corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Asia is not homogeneous but varies among countries, (b) that the variation is explained by stages of development, (c) that globalization enhances the adoption of CSR in Asia, and (d) that national business systems structure the profile of multinational corporations’ CSR. These hypotheses are investigated through analysis of Web site reporting of 50 companies in seven Asian countries: India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, South Korea, Singapore, and Thailand. The article concludes that CSR does vary considerably among Asian countries but that this variation is not explained by development but by factors in the respective national business systems. It also concludes that multinational companies are more likely to adopt CSR than those operating solely in their home country but that the profile of their CSR tends to reflect the profile of the country of operation rather than the country of origin

Inheritance of Antioxidants in a New Zealand Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) population

Proceedings on CD ROMA six parent modified half diallel of blackcurrants was planted in a randomised complete block design at Irwell, Canterbury, New Zealand. Variance components, heritability and breeding values were estimated for nine antioxidant traits from processed whole blackcurrant fruit harvested in 2004. Additive genetic effects were the largest with relatively small dominance and experimental design effects. Phenotypic and genetic correlations were moderately high (rp > 0.53, rg > 0.46) between all traits apart from correlations with relative antioxidant activity and bioavailability ratios and the correlation between delphinidin rutinoside and cyanidin-glucoside. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were moderate to high (0.46-0.80) except for the relative antioxidant activity and bioavailability ratios (0.28), indicating that phenotypic selection of parents may be successful. Implications are discussed for breeding blackcurrants with increased antioxidant levels

A systematic review and meta-analysis of implicit theory research in sport, physical activity, and physical education

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to gather, catalogue, assess, and evaluate the available evidence examining implicit beliefs about ability in the sport, physical activity, and physical education contexts. A total of 43 studies were found, of which 39 were subjected to meta analyses. With only 7 experimental studies, the strength of evidence is moderate, and the field would benefit from greater experimental work. Overall, incremental beliefs were moderately associated with a small group of theoretically derived correlates, while entity beliefs were only weakly associated. The field would benefit from expanding these outcomes to include a wider range of pertinent outcomes. Researchers should focus their efforts on systematically exploring the most powerful ways of inducing adaptive implicit beliefs with the aim of providing solutions to significant problems such as preventing dropout from organised sports, improving academic grades in and beyond physical education, and increasing levels of physical activity

Biomems and nanotechnology-based approaches for rapid detection of biological entities

In recent years, the areas of Bio-Microelectromechanical Systems (BioMEMS) and nanotechnology have gained a high level of prominence and have become almost inseparable with biological applications including detection, diagnostics, therapeutics and tissue engineering. This article reviews some of the current state-of-the-art interdisciplinary research from these fields, especially focusing on rapid detection of pathogens and microorganisms, a critical area of importance to food safety, clinical diagnostics and related applications