Impact of Mueusems in Cultural Scoiety - A Case Study

Museums with strong brands or those that inhabit iconic buildings are increasingly used as cultural motifs in the destination-marketing strategies of public tourist bodies. Recent examples include the use of the British Museum in Visit Britain's Culture is Great campaign, or the Turner Contemporary as a symbol of Margate's brand enhancement. The latest figures from the Association of Leading Visitor Attractions (ALVA) once again underlined the importance of museums to the visitor economy. Meanwhile, the new Arts Council England and Visit England partnership, which aims to help destinations develop their cultural tourism, provides an opportunity for museums to take a strategic lead in this area. But could it also result in greater reliance on marketing-orientated approaches that might not benefit the entire museum sector

Effectiveness of interventions to reduce indoor air pollution and/or improve health in homes using solid fuel in lower and middle income countries : protocol for a systematic review

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

One WASH national program (OWNP) Ethiopia: a SWAp with a comprehensive management structure

The Government of Ethiopia’s (GoE) One WASH National Programme, launched in September 2013 is a comprehensive 7 years programme (2013-2020). It operationalizes agreements between 4 sector ministries; Water, Health, Education and Finance, with a total budget of USD $2.4bill. The Program is the GoE’s main instrument for achieving the goals set out in the Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP), with targets for access to safe water supply at 98%, 100% for rural and urban areas, respectively. The targets for sanitation and hygiene set out in the Universal Access Plan (UAP) are that all Ethiopians will have access to basic sanitation, while 77% of the population practice hand washing at critical times, and 80% of communities in the country declared open defecation free (ODF). The SWAp in Ethiopia aspires to be the most comprehensive WASH SWAp ever, with a unified planning, budgeting and monitoring system

Design and Construction of an Affordable Potable Water Treatment Unit for Domestic Usage

An affordable potable water treatment unit was designed and constructed. The components were coagulation unit, sedimentation unit, slow sand filter unit, utraviolet unit and the storage unit. Filtrate from the chamber was compared with International acceptable standards. The result showed that the treatment chamber proved effective and can produce at least 100 litres of portable water per day. The physical and chemical parameters monitored were reduced to the acceptable limit by WHO (World Health Organisation), NAFDAC(National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control) Nigeria and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ). However, coliform was not totally removed but the count was reduced by 99.4%

Waste Water Treatment with Conventional Materials (Chlorine, Aluminium Sulphate, Polyelectrolyte) as Well as Local Materials (Activated Charcoal and Burnt Bricks) in Makurdi Benue State Nigeria: A Comparative Study

Used water from restaurants hands and utensils washing was collected for pilot treatment. Red burnt bricks known to contain a small amount of iron oxide and activated charcoal crushed together were used as traditional means of water coagulants .The impurities in water became suspended particles and gradually settled to the bottom of the container used .Large heavy particles settled out readily, smaller and lighter particles settled down more slowly . Conventional water treatment chemicals (0.25% aluminum sulphate solution and 0.25 % polyelectrolyte ) were added to another sample of the same waste water and the impurities were brought together into larger, heavier masses of solids called floc which also settled down . In both samples chlorine as sodium hypochlorite in granular form was added 2.5g while softening was achieved by adding 0 .25 % Soda ash -sodium trioxocarbonate (iv) Na2CO3 . In both samples results show the values of the physicochemical parameters (Conductivity Turbidity Odour Temperature oC Colour Suspended Solids mg/L Oil in Water mg/L Total Dissolved Solids mg/L and Total Solids mg/L ) reduced almost to zero levels and close to WHO/NIGERIA Allowable Standards 2005. This renders credibility to the use of both conventional and local materials for water treatment effectively and the need to source for more environmentally local materials for such purpose . Keywords: Physico-Chemical, Waste Water, Heavy Particles, Sustainability, Turbidit

Malestar y conductas de autorregulación ante la Situación Extraña en niños de 12 meses de edad

Distress and self-regulation behaviors in 12-month-olds in coping the Strange Situation. The aim of this work was to study distress responses and self-regulation behaviors in 12-month-old infants, identifying both endogenous (temperament) as well as exogenous (adult availability) factors which can influence these behaviors. A modified version of the Strange Situation was administered so that children's behaviors were observed in different conditions: child alone, mother present, and experimenter present. While the frequency in using passive self-regulation strategies was positively correlated with the level of distress expressed by the infants, active strategies were negatively associated with distress. With respect to temperament influence, more fearful infants exhibited higher levels of distress as well as a more frequent use of passive strategies. Finally, adult presence facilitated a use of more autonomous strategies by the children.El presente trabajo pretende estudiar la respuesta de malestar y las conductas de autorregulación en 49 niños de 12 meses de edad, identificando tanto factores de origen endógeno (temperamento) como exógeno (disponibilidad del adulto) que pueden estar influyendo sobre estas conductas. Se administró una versión modificada de la Situación Extraña, de manera que las respuestas de los niños fueron observadas en diferentes condiciones: niño solo, con la madre, y con la experimentadora. Mientras que el uso de estrategias pasivas de autorregulación correlacionó positivamente con el malestar expresado por los niños, las estrategias activas se asociaron de forma negativa con el malestar. En cuanto a la influencia del temperamento, los niños más miedosos exhibieron mayores niveles de malestar, así como un uso más frecuente de estrategias pasivas. Finalmente, la presencia del adulto favoreció el uso de estrategias más autónomas por parte del niño

Reacción de malestar y autorregulación emocional en la infancia

Distress reaction and emotional self-regulation. The aim of this work was to study distress responses and self-regulation behaviors in maternal separation along the second year of life, identifying both endogenous (temperament, cognitive capacity) as well as exogenous (maternal regulation) factors which can influence these behaviors. Self-regulation strategies were effective in emotional state alteration, so a more autonomous strategies' use were associated to lower distress response, and a more rudimentary strategies' use were associated to higher distress one. On the other hand, while distress response showed a significant decrease with age, strategies' use didn't show significant changes. Finally, the variables analyzed in this work have explained successfully individual differences in distress response and self-emotional regulation.Este trabajo pretende estudiar la respuesta de malestar y las conductas de autorregulación a lo largo del segundo año de vida, identificando tanto factores de origen endógeno (temperamento, capacidad cognitiva) como exógeno (tipo de regulación materna) que influyan sobre estas conductas. Las estrategias de autorregulación se mostraron efectivas en la alteración de la respuesta emocional, de manera que el uso de estrategias autónomas se asoció a una menor intensidad del malestar, y el uso de estrategias más rudimentarias se asoció a una mayor intensidad del mismo. Por otro lado, mientras que la intensidad de la respuesta de malestar disminuye de forma significativa con la edad, el uso de las distintas estrategias de autorregulación no mostró cambios significativos. Por último, las variables estudiadas en este trabajo se han mostrado eficaces en la explicación de las diferencias individuales en la intensidad de la respuesta emocional y las estrategias de autorregulación

Discrimination of water quality monitoring sites in River Vouga using a mixed-effect state space model

The surface water quality monitoring is an important concern of public organizations due to its relevance to the public health. Statistical methods are taken as consistent and essential tools in the monitoring procedures in order to prevent and identify environmental problems. This work presents the study case of the hydrological basin of the river Vouga, in Portugal. The main goal is discriminate the water monitoring sites using the monthly dissolved oxygen concentration dataset between January 2002 and May 2013. This is achieved through the extraction of trend and seasonal components in a linear mixed-effect state space model. The parameters estimation is performed with both maximum likelihood method and distribution-free estimators in a two-step procedure. The application of the Kalman smoother algorithm allows to obtain predictions of the structural components as trend and seasonality. The water monitoring sites are discriminated through the structural components by a hierarchical agglomerative clustering procedure. This procedure identified different homogenous groups relatively to the trend and seasonality components and some characteristics of the hydrological basin are presented in order to support the results

High-throughput 18K SNP array to assess genetic variability of the main grapevine cultivars from Sicily

The viticulture of Sicily, for its vocation, is one of the most important and ancient forms in Italy. Autochthonous grapevine cultivars, many of which known throughout the world, have always been cultivated in the island from many centuries. With the aim to preserve this large grapevine diversity, previous studies have already started to assess the genetic variability among the Sicilian cultivars by using morphological and microsatellite markers. In this study, simple sequence repeat (SSR) were utilized to verify the true-to-typeness of a large clone collection (101) belonging to 21 biotypes of the most 10 cultivated Sicilian cultivars. Afterwards, 42 Organization Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin (OIV) descriptors and a high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array (Vitis18kSNP) were applied to assess genetic variability among cultivars and biotypes of the same cultivar. Ampelographic traits and high-throughput SNP genotyping platforms provided an accuracy estimation of genetic diversity in the Sicilian germplasm, showing the relationships among cultivars by cluster and multivariate analyses. The large SNP panel defined sub-clusters unable to discern among biotypes, previously classified by ampelographic analysis, belonging to each cultivar. These results suggested that a very large number of SNP did not cover the genome regions harboring few morphological traits. Genetic structure of the collection revealed a clear optimum number of groups for K = 3, clustering in the same group a significant portion of family-related genotypes. Parentage analysis highlighted significant relationships among Sicilian grape cultivars and Sangiovese, as already reported, but also the first evidences of the relationships between Nero d’Avola and both Inzolia and Catarratto. Finally, a small panel of highly informative markers (12 SNPs) allowed us to isolate a private profile for each Sicilian cultivar, providing a new tool for cultivar identification