Experimental evaluation into novel, low cost, modular PEMFC stack

Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0)The Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), despite being regarded as an ideal replacement to the internal combustion engine, is still not an economically attractive pri-mover due to a number of key challenges that have yet to be fully resolved; some of which include degradation to cell components resulting in inadequate lifetimes, specialised and costly manufacturing processes and poor gravimetric/volumetric energy densities. This paper presents a novel stack concept which removes the conventional bi polar plate (BPP), a component that is responsible for up to 80% of total stack weight and 90+% of stack volume in some designs. The removal of said component not only improves the volumetric and gravimetric energy density of the PEMFC stack but drastically reduces the cost of the stack by removing all costly manufacturing processes associated with PEMFC component machining while the functionality of the traditional BPP is still retained by the unique stack design. The stack architecture is first presented and then the characterisation of the PEMFC is shown over a wide range of operating scenarios. The experimental studies suggest that the performance of the new design is comparable to that of traditional stacks but at significantly less cost price.Final Published versio

誘電体中の空間電荷分布計測に関する研究

鳥取大学博士(工学)thesi

透析医療現場においての事務職の業務内容とその有効性

Article長野県透析研究会誌 28(1): 64-66(2005)journal articl

Measurement of Inclusive Ds, D0, and J/ Rates and Determination of the B Production Fraction in b Events at the (5S) Resonance

journal articl

Distribution of the 127 populations sampled across the natural range of <i>Abies balsamea</i> (green).

<p>All population (yellow and red circles) were used for the mtDNA study, while only populations represented by a yellow circle were considered for the cpDNA study. Delimitation of geographic regions, states and provinces mentioned in the text are illustrated. Abbreviations: SK = Saskatchewan, MB = Manitoba, ON = Ontario, QC = Québec, NL+LD = Newfoundland & Labrador, NS = Nova Scotia, NB = New Brunswick, PEI = Prince Edward Island, MN = Minnesota, WI = Wisconsin, MI = Michigan, NY = New-York, VT = Vermont, NH = New-Hampshire, ME = Maine.</p

Less Pollen-Mediated Gene Flow for More Signatures of Glacial Lineages: Congruent Evidence from Balsam Fir cpDNA and mtDNA for Multiple Refugia in Eastern and Central North America

<div><p>The phylogeographic structure and postglacial history of balsam fir (<i>Abies balsamea</i>), a transcontinental North American boreal conifer, was inferred using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) markers. Genetic structure among 107 populations (mtDNA data) and 75 populations (cpDNA data) was analyzed using Bayesian and genetic distance approaches. Population differentiation was high for mtDNA (dispersed by seeds only), but also for cpDNA (dispersed by seeds and pollen), indicating that pollen gene flow is more restricted in balsam fir than in other boreal conifers. Low cpDNA gene flow in balsam fir may relate to low pollen production due to the inherent biology of the species and populations being decimated by recurrent spruce budworm epidemics, and/or to low dispersal of pollen grains due to their peculiar structural properties. Accordingly, a phylogeographic structure was detected using both mtDNA and cpDNA markers and population structure analyses supported the existence of at least five genetically distinct glacial lineages in central and eastern North America. Four of these would originate from glacial refugia located south of the Laurentide ice sheet, while the last one would have persisted in the northern Labrador region. As expected due to reduced pollen-mediated gene flow, congruence between the geographic distribution of mtDNA and cpDNA lineages was higher than in other North American conifers. However, concordance was not complete, reflecting that restricted but nonetheless detectable cpDNA gene flow among glacial lineages occurred during the Holocene. As a result, new cpDNA and mtDNA genome combinations indicative of cytoplasmic genome capture were observed.</p></div

Phenotypes, pedigrees & genotypes for experiment E970

See README (also in archive

Large populations dataset

The file contains 142 lines and 1136 columns. In the first column, tree identifyers can be found. In the second column, the population type (Case or Control) is presented. The 1134 remaining columns contain the genotype of each tree for the 1134 SNPs used in this study. More information about these SNPs and the genes on which they are located will be provided in Genbank in early 2012

Complete genotype data_385individuals_300loci

Complete genotype data_385individuals_300loc

Description of the five variants (mitotypes) detected in the intron 4 of the <i>nad5</i> mtDNA gene of <i>Abies balsamea</i>. <i>Abies fraseri</i> and <i>Abies lasiocarpa</i>, two phylogenetically closely-related species to <i>A</i>. <i>balsamea</i>, were fixed for mitotype I and mitotype 2, respectively.

<p>* Poly, Polymorphic region;</p><p>** numbers indicate nucleotide positions in the longest sequence obtained with <i>nad</i>5-4<i>Ab</i> primers (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0122815#sec002" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a> for more information). Dashes indicate alignment gaps.</p><p>Description of the five variants (mitotypes) detected in the intron 4 of the <i>nad5</i> mtDNA gene of <i>Abies balsamea</i>. <i>Abies fraseri</i> and <i>Abies lasiocarpa</i>, two phylogenetically closely-related species to <i>A</i>. <i>balsamea</i>, were fixed for mitotype I and mitotype 2, respectively.</p