Technological Design and Application of Cylinder-block Production Line of 4110 Series Diesel Engine

介绍了4110系列柴油机缸体生产线的工艺设计概况,缸体关键部位所采用的工艺、设备及应用效果,希望能为柴油机缸体工艺设计工作提供些许参考。This paper introduces the process design profile of 4110 series cylinder-block production line,and the key parts'technology,equipment and the effect.In the hope that some references will been provided to the diesel engine designers

Direct determination of carcinogenic aromatic amines in surface water by UHPLC-MS /MS

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(uHPlC-MS/MS)快速直接测定地表水中致癌芳香胺物质的方法.样品采集后,用0.22μM的聚四氟乙烯(PTfE)滤膜过滤,用C18 rrHd色谱柱进行梯度洗脱分离,流动相为甲醇和水,采用电喷雾正离子模式,并采用多反应监测模式(MrM)测定,外标法定量.方法重点优化了色谱分离条件、质谱碎裂电压、碰撞能量,考察了流动相中甲酸铵或甲酸浓度对目标化合物响应的影响.23种组分不同浓度水平的加标回收率在70.3%—119.8%之间,相对标准偏差在2.1%—10.2%(n=7)之间,方法的定量限(lOQ)在0.01—2.0μg·l-1之间.方法具有操作方便、灵敏度较高、快速准确的优点,能为环境水体污染源监测、饮水安全提供技术保障.A rapid method was developed for the quantitative determination of 23 carcinogenic aromatic amines in surface water by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry( UHPLC-MS / MS).After water sample was collected,it was filtered with a 0.22 μm polytetrafluoroethylene( PTFE) membrane,and then the target compounds were separated on a C18 RRHD column,gradient eluted with methanol and water,and determined by positive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring mode( MRM).Quantitative analysis was performed with external standard calibration method in the study.UHPLC separation condition,concentration of ammonium formate and formic acid in mobile phase,fragmentor voltages,and collision energies were optimized.The relative standard deviation( RSD) of the developed method was in the range of 2.1%—10.2%( n = 7).Standard added recoveries in sample matrix ranged from 70.3% to 119.8%.The limit of quantification( LOQ) was from 0.01 to 2.0 μg·L-1.The proposed method is easy to operate,highly sensitive,fast,and accurate.环保公益性行业科研专项(201309007); 远东技术服务有限公司委托项

Biochemical characters of forest soils at Wuyishan Mountain.

研究了武夷山自然保护区森林土壤生化特性.结果表明，不同生境土壤呼吸作用、纤维分解作用和硝化作用等3项生化强度有明显差异，先峰岭（常绿阔叶林）＞大竹岚（毛竹林）.同一生境中的不同小生境3项生化强度的差异也很显著，尤其是呼吸作用强度，落叶层＞腐殖层＞土壤层；纤维分解作用强度，腐殖层＞落叶层＞土壤层；硝化作用强度，土壤层＞落叶层＞腐殖层.无论那一种生境3项生化强度之间，呼吸作用强度与纤维分解作用强度有一定相关性，而硝化作用强度与前两项未显示相关.不同生境土壤蔗糖酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶等活性显著不同，大竹岚＞先峰岭.同一生境中的不同小生境3种酶活性随土壤剖面深度而降低；蔗糖酶是各生境中活性最大酶类，变化较剧；纤维素酶和蛋白酶则活性较小，变化较缓和.Studies on the biochemical characters of forest soils in Wuyishan Mt.Natural Reserve show that the rates of soil respiration, cellular decomposition and nitrification differed obviously with habitats.Soils under broad leaved evergreen forest ( Castanopsis eyrei ) at Xianfengling had higher rates than those under moso bamboo forest ( Phyllostachys heterocyca var. pubescens ) at Dazhulan.The three rates at each habitat also significantly differed with microhabitats: for respiration rate, litter layer>humus layer>soil layer; and for nitrification rate, soil layer>litter layer>humus layer; for cellular decomposition rate, humus layer>litter layer>soil layer.Among the three rates at each hibitat, there existed a definite relationship between respiration rate and cellular decomposition rate, while the nitrification rate was independent of the other two.The activities of sucrase, celluase and proteinase varied with different habitats, which were higher at Dazhulan than at Xianfengling, and decreased with increasing soil depth.Among the three enzymes, sucrase had the highest activity at all microhabitats, and the variation of its activity was greater.福建省自然科学基金;武夷山自然保护区管理局资助项

绢丝昆虫线粒体DNA多态性研究

采用差速离心法和碱变性法制备家蚕、野桑蚕、蓖麻蚕、柞蚕和天蚕蛹线粒体dnA（MTdnA），并进行了限制性酶切片段多态性（rflP）检测。结果表明，绢丝昆虫在种间MTdnA酶切类型差异明显，而在种内不同品种之间则没有差异或差异甚少。在HAEⅢ酶解作用下，家蚕的15个一化和二化性品种的酶切类型相同，5个多化性品种的酶切类型也相同，但它们彼此间则有差异，前者与野桑蚕属同一个类型。由此提示，在家蚕品种演化过程中，一化和二化品种可能与野桑蚕有更密切的亲缘关系

多壁碳纳米管及其对H_2吸附体系的Raman光谱

利用原位和非原位紫外 Raman谱法 ,对以 CH4 为碳源 ,由催化法制备的多壁碳纳米管( MWCNTs) ,K+-修饰的该类 MWCNTs,以及它们对 H2 的吸附体系进行了 Raman谱表征 ,观测到可分别归属于类石墨结构的基频模 D和 G以及它们的三阶组合频 ,表面 C-H3基和 C-H2 基等的特征Raman峰 ;H2 在这类碳纳米管上的吸附态包括解离吸附生成表面 C-H3和非解离吸附分子氢 H2 ( a) ;在相同实验条件下 ,K+-修饰体系上这两类氢吸附物种的表面浓度都比未经 K+-修饰的相应体系高

仪器分析实验课程对拔尖人才培养的探讨与思考

以"拔尖班"实验教学为例,阐述了仪器分析实验课程如何实行多元化教学。仪器分析实验利用网络教学平台,实现了师生跨时间、空间的交流,通过开展拓展性实验,强化了"拔尖班"学生的探究与创新性思维体验。同时对"拔尖班"人才培养中存在的一些问题进行了探讨。国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1310024)2016年福建省本科高校教育教学改革研究项目(生物工程专业实验精品资源共享课建设项目)2017年福建省本科高校教育教学改革研究项目(FBJG20170277

比较CT和X线检查对肠梗阻的诊断价值

目的:比较CT和X线平片对肠梗阻的检查技术及诊断价值。方法:比较CT、X线CR平片对肠梗阻患者的检查操作难度、检查消耗时间、图像质量、患者舒适度及图像显示病变的敏感性及准确性,同时比较患者及开单医生对X线CR平片、CT这两种检查的接受度。结果:在CT、X线CR平片对肠梗阻患者的检查操作难度、检查消耗时间、图像质量、患者舒适度及图像显示病变的敏感性及准确性方面,CT显著优于X线CR平片;但患者及开单医生对X线CR平片检查的接受度又显著高于CT。结论:CT是一种对肠梗阻很有价值的检查诊断工具

碳纳米管及其H_2吸附体系的Raman光谱

利用紫外Raman光谱技术 ,对分别以CO和CH4为碳源、由化学催化法制备的两种多壁碳纳米管以及它们的H2 吸附体系进行Raman光谱表征 ,观测到可分别归属于类石墨结构的基频模G (1 5 80cm- 1 )和D (1 41 6cm- 1 ,缺陷诱导 ) ,以及它们的二阶和三阶组合频 2D(2 83 2cm- 1 ) ,D +G (2 996cm- 1 ) ,2G (3 1 6 0cm- 1 )和 2D +G (441 2cm- 1 )的Raman峰 ;H2在这些多壁碳纳米管上吸附有两种形式 :非解离吸附分子氢H2 (a)和解离吸附生成含氢表面物种CHX(x =3 ,2 ,1 ) ,所观测在 2 85 0 ,2 96 7和 3 95 0cm- 1 处的Raman谱峰可分别归属于表面CH2 基的对称C -H伸缩模 ,CH3基的不对称C -H伸缩模 ,以及吸附态分子氢H2 (a)的H -H伸缩

提升化学本科生科学思维与逻辑的科研实践

通讯联系人，E-mail: ljzhou@ xmu． edu． cn利用学校化学人才培养基地为本科生搭建的科研训练平台,引导和训练大学生在科研项目"我国东南地区主要秸秆物性分析与评价"中正确开展科学研究与创新活动,并对获得的结果展开分析与讨论。学生通过独立开展文献查阅、实验方案设计、实验结果分析等工作,研究获得了福建地区不同地理与气候等生态条件对水稻秸秆组分含量的分布特性及差异可能带来的影响,这一结果为水稻秸秆资源的分布、组分特性及今后的高效利用提供了科学依据与评价。公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(No.200803033);国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(No.J1030415);国家自然科学基金项目(No.20775065

The Study on Decoction of Kangxin Capsule and Its Minor Components are Influenced on Peripheral Blood CD_3、CD_4、CD_8 and CD_4/CD_8 of the Kidney Weakness with Blood Obstruction Style Vascular Dementia Rat Model

目的 　观察康欣胶囊及其拆方对 ( VD)模型 (肾虚血瘀型 )大鼠外周血 CD3、CD4、CD8的影响。 方法 　采用电灼烧封闭双侧椎动脉和摘除单侧性器官法制作 ( VD)模型 (肾虚血瘀型 )大鼠 ,用康欣胶囊全方及其拆方和西药喜得镇给药 1个月 ,电镜、光镜观察各组大鼠海马、下丘脑、枕部皮质神经细胞情况 ,流式细胞仪检测大鼠外周血 CD3、CD4、CD8。 结果 　康欣胶囊全方组海马、下丘脑、枕部皮质神经细胞的内织网、线粒体水肿固缩及细胞核固缩情况明显轻于模型空白对照组 ;外周血 CD4/ CD8比例指标明显高子空白模型组、健脾组、西药组 ( P<0 .0 1) ,养血活血组 CD4/ CD8比例指标高于空白模型组、健脾组 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论 　康欣胶囊全方及其拆方养血活血方可提高 ( VD)模型 (肾虚血瘀型 )大鼠外周血 CD4/ CD8比例水平即提高免疫力 ,并延缓减轻缺血性神经细胞凋亡。OBJECTIVE To observe decoction of KANGXIN capsule and its minor components are influenced peripheral blood CD3、CD4、CD8 of the kidney weakness with blood obstruction style vascular dementia rat model.METHOD Use electric iron to burn and block the both side vertebral arteries and amputate one side genital organ(testis or ovary) of rat, made the kidney weakness with blood obstruction style of VD rat model.KANGXIN capsule complete components and its minor components: and Dinydroergotaxine had been given for l month,at the same time to establish the control model group (hadn't given any medication),complete components, kidney tonic, pancreas tonic, blood tonic with promoting blood circulation, and western medicine Dihydroergotaxine group. Use electronic microscopy and light microscopy to observe nerve cells in hippocampus, hypothalamus, occipital lobe cortex of each group, and use cell cytometry to analysis the peripheral blood CD3,CD4,CD8 of model rat.RESULTS Under electronic microscopy;the mitochondrion, rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear of nerve cells of hippocampus,hypothalamus,occipital lobe cortex of complete components group of KANGXIN capsule are slighter swelling and reduce (other groups had improved with difference scale), those are compared with control model group. Peripheral blood CD4/CD8 rate of Complete component group are higher than control model, pancreas tonic, and Dihydroergotaxine group,(P<0.01),CD4/CD8 rate of blood tonic with promoting blood circulation group are higher than control moodel and pancreas tonic group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION KANGXIN capsule and blood tonic with promoting blood circulation group are able to enhance immunity(lift up the CD4/CD8 rate) of the kidney weakness with blood obstruction style VD rat, and to slow down apoptosis of nerve cells which is caused by vertebrobasilar insufficiency.福建省卫生厅重大中医药项目 ( 2 0 0 2 -10 3